Development of Solid Nanosystem for Delivery of Chlorhexidine with Increased Antimicrobial Activity and Decreased Cytotoxicity: Characterization and In Vitro and In Ovo Toxicological Screening

Molecules, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 30(1), P. 162 - 162

Published: Jan. 3, 2025

The evaluation of chlorhexidine-carrier nanosystems based on iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (IOMNPs), has gained significant attention in recent years due to the unique properties (NPSs). Chlorhexidine (CHX), a well-established antimicrobial agent, been widely used medical applications, including oral hygiene and surgical antisepsis. This study aims report an vitro ovo toxicological screening synthesized CHX-NPS nanosystem, carrier matrix (maghemite NPSs) drug be delivered (CHX solution), by employing two types cell lines—HaCaT immortalized human keratinocytes JB6 Cl 41-5a murine epidermal cells. After characterization nanosystem through infrared spectroscopy electronic microscopy, results showed that CHX efficacy was enhanced when nanoscale system, with improved bioavailability reduced toxicity this tested as newly nanosystem. exhibited did not cause any sign irritation chorioallantoic membrane vasculature classified non-irritant substance. Despite this, future research should focus optimizing type conducting comprehensive vivo studies validate its therapeutic safety clinical settings.

Language: Английский

---

Assessment of the biosafety profile of Galium verum in vitro on myoblasts and in ovo on chorioallantoic membrane

World Journal of Cardiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(2)

Published: Feb. 24, 2025

Cardiovascular diseases are the first cause of death in world. Ischemic heart disease is main failure. New approaches continuously sought to identify better therapeutic success. Thereby, current research has been drawn identifying and completing profile natural sources. Galium species representatives exhibiting diuretic antibacterial potential living organisms can treat burns, wounds, skin diseases. Moreover, it was also observed that these plants manifest cardioprotective effects as well having antihemolytic, antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antiproliferative potential. In ischemic disease, verum (G. verum) extract manifested preservative properties terms contractility, systolic diastolic function maintenance, reduced damage after ischemia. addition, G. upregulated activity antioxidant enzymes alleviating production pro-oxidants. To test ethanolic on H9C2(2-1) cell line by evaluating vitro biosafety ovo irritative Cells were tested for viability (using MTT test), cellular morphology, number, confluence, nuclear morphology (by immunofluorescence staining nuclei F-actin assay) hen's egg chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) CAM anti-irritant methods study irritation CAM. The demonstrated a dose-dependent stimulatory activity. increased 170% dose 55 µg/mL decreased 135% at 200 µg/mL. results morphological analysis did not present significant changes compared with control untreated cells. assay showed insignificant apoptotic potential, revealed weak moderately irritating category an score 5.3. When applying sample CAM, only slight coagulation (128 s). protective vascular plexus. manifests stimulating effect cardiomyocytes, enhancing viability, maintaining normal elongated shape, without signs apoptosis ovo. against hemorrhage, lysis, blood vessels induced sodium dodecyl sulfate

Language: Английский

---

Cytotoxic and Antibiofilm Properties of Antibiotic-Loaded Thermoresponsive Hydrogels for Root Canal Therapy

Processes, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(3), P. 661 - 661

Published: Feb. 26, 2025

Dental infections can disrupt root development in immature permanent teeth, making traditional endodontic treatment challenging. Apexogenesis, a regenerative approach that promotes natural development, offers potential solution. However, issues related to disinfection and material biocompatibility still remain. The objective of this study was evaluate the synergistic antimicrobial antibiofilm properties double triple antibiotic combinations against common oral pathogens, incorporate most effective combination into thermosensitive hydrogel, develop an alternative intracanal medication. Antibiotics were tested alone planktonic biofilm conditions bacteria Candida albicans. with synergy on Enterococcus faecalis biofilms radicular dentin by confocal microscopy. Metronidazole (ME), ciprofloxacin (CI), fosfomycin (FO) incorporated poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) (PNVCL) hydrogels, their activity compared PNVCL hydrogels containing chlorhexidine (CHX) or calcium hydroxide (CH). cytotoxicity assessed MDPC-23 odontoblast-like cells using metiltetrazolium assays. A statistical analysis performed ANOVA followed Tukey’s test (p < 0.05). ME + CI FO showed superior effects mono- dual-species inside dentinal tubules, comparable CHX. significantly reduced E. exhibiting higher efficacy than CH. Cytotoxicity tests revealed minimal cell viability for both without antibiotics. In conclusion, potent and, when loaded demonstrated significant low cytotoxicity. These findings emphasize formulation as biocompatible medication, especially teeth.

Language: Английский

---

Inhibition of biofilm formation and preformed biofilm in Acinetobacter baumannii by resveratrol, chlorhexidine and benzalkonium: modulation of efflux pump activity

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Dec. 16, 2024

Introduction The persistence of Acinetobacter baumannii in the contaminated environment is sustained by tolerance to biocides and ability growth as biofilm. aim study was analyze susceptibility A. biofilms chlorhexidine (CHX) benzalkonium (BZK) natural monomeric stilbenoid resveratrol (RV) modulate phenomenon. Methods Biofilm formation preformed biofilm were tested Crystal violet tetrazolium salt reduction assay, respectively. Analysis efflux pump (EP) expression during performed Real-time RT-PCR assays. Results CHX BZK at ¼ ½ MICs alone or combination inhibited ATCC 19606, 4190, 3909 strains. RV 32 mg/L showed a synergistic effect completely all Similarly, MIC significantly air-liquid 4190 inactivation AdeB AdeJ RND EPs ATCC19606 increased presence RV. Concordantly, carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazine (CCCP) CHX, dose-dependently basal CHX-induced EP genes expression, while gene growth. In addition, reduced with additively decreased minimal eradicating concentrations Conclusion These results demonstrate that: (i) inhibit ; (ii) dependent on activation EPs; (iii) inhibitory mediated inhibition .

Language: Английский

---

Quercetin Enhances 5-Fluorouracil-Driven Cytotoxicity Dose-Dependently in A375 Human Melanoma Cells

Life, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(12), P. 1685 - 1685

Published: Dec. 19, 2024

Cutaneous melanoma (CM) represents a severe skin cancer with rising incidence at present and limited treatment options. 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is widely used, including for CM; however, the innate resistance of this to conventional therapy remains problematic. Quercetin (QUE) flavonoid that can sensitize cells antitumor agents such as 5-FU. However, potential sensitization capability CM 5-FU has scarcely been determined, investigated herein. Therefore, A375 were tested in terms their cell viability, confluence, morphological changes. Their nuclear cytoskeletal aspects, clonogenic potential, ovo properties also followed. The results showed 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50s) QUE determined by proliferation assay 11.56 11.08 µM, respectively. addition (10 µM) (5–50 increased cytotoxic potential. A significant decline viability (up 43.51%), loss chromatin condensation dysmorphology, tubulin F-actin constriction, suppressed ability noted. + association was non-irritating chorioallantoic membrane an antiangiogenic effect ovo. Thus, our highlight combining enhance safe profile

Language: Английский

---

The Chick Embryo Chorioallantoic Membrane (CAM) Assay: A Novel Experimental Model in Dental Research

Cureus, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 29, 2024

Animal experimental models are ruled out by respecting the 3Rs (Replacement, Reduction, Refinement) rules which governed research for decades with an increased tendency to minimize as much it is possible any pain suffering or distress that animals might feel. The chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model alternative other due its superior properties compared animal models. CAM painless itself lack of innervation and has no immune cells till 11th day incubation. Thus, extensively used implanting malignant tumors assessing them in relation their metastatic angiogenic potential. Also, various biomaterials from collagen hard scaffolds can be implanted on surface analyzed mainly related property inducing inflammation. Dental often uses mouse rabbit purposes. Different surgical techniques experimentally induced periodontal disease dental implants may cause animals. Due all these arguments, a quick, cheap, reliable research. Despite usefulness different applications, ranging inflammation studies cancer research, insufficiently Currently, about 135 pertaining this issue available PubMed, majority focus reactivity vessels materials employed dentistry. Limited data exist capacity promote osteogenic differentiation stem enhance biomaterial integration into novel tissue architectures. present review critically use tool We selected PubMed papers having topic dentistry searching based following keywords: " membrane, dentistry" "chorioallantoic ". focused discussing benefits limitations prospective role preclinical instrument assessment tissues, biomaterials, dentistry-related substances prior purposes clinical practice. ​​​​​​The impact model-derived findings practice will also stated mentioning "pros cons" arguments. last part paper reviewed perspective assay combination such tooth organoids strengths weaknesses species assays recently developed ostrich Nile crocodile CAMs.

Language: Английский

---