The politics of countering climate change in Southeast Asia

Frontiers in Environmental Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Oct. 24, 2024

Even though ASEAN member states collectively and individually seem to be undertaking measures across multiple sectors, the performances remain incommensurate with threat. This is well documented in studies published past five years, indicating a lack of decisiveness Southeast Asia's climate change mitigation efforts (Fulton et al., 2017;Johnson, du Pont Gueguen-Teil, 2021;Gogoi Sarmah, 2024;Overland Seah, 2024;Qiu, Seah Martinus, 2024). Quantitative research attempting understand ASEAN's slow countering concluded presence an energy paradox responses, which high environment threat not responded decisively, similar conclusions Ding & Beh's 2021 inquiry (Overland 2021). The Singapore-based center, ISEAS-Yusof Ishak Institute, also 'ambivalence' (Seah opinion article attempts complement build up those existing make sense empirical puzzle. It argues that qualitative approach needed assess relevance political contexts comprehending these nations' counter-climate responses provide nuanced understanding this phenomenon. In doing so, utilizes secondary data from last two decades. descriptively bridges hedging literature international relations as context adaptation measures. provides alternative lens interpretation show why progress slow.This under hedging, despite categorizing 'threat,' will continue priority for Asian states. Hedging alignment strategy between 'balancing' 'bandwagoning' (Goh, 2007(Goh, , 2016)). simple terms, such Asia do clearly define their preferences politics. aspects security, example, they tend engage one great power, while economic competing power. One main has been how have engaged US security purposes, coincided engaging China secure funding (Kuik, 2008;Lim Cooper, 2015;Kuik Rozman, 2017;Ciorciari Haacke, 2019;He Feng, 2023;Putra, 2023a).Consequently, shows are trapped constant cycle decisions, choices determined by complex geopolitical concerning power influence region. states, thriving economies, prioritize either or domain foreign policy priorities (Ba, 2009;Kuik, 2016Kuik, 2022;;Lai Kuik, 2020;Putra, 2024a). labeling 'threat' nontraditional threats would automatically lead diversion mass resources achieving nationally climate-change-related targets. due pragmatic perceive (Farajzadeh, Ghorbanian Tarazkar, 2023;Gogoi 2024;Suwandaru 2024).Southeast view reduction emissions requires funding. However, Arino Prabhakar argued intention counter coincides development feasible, considering its towards long-term vision (Arino Prabhakar, study opposite, politics preoccupied issues greater importance. realm, South Sea, stability Myanmar, internal insecurities dominate regional headlines (Blazevic, 2012;Chen, Pu Johnston, 2014;Aoyama, 2016;Jones Jenne, 2022;Putra, 2023b). Meanwhile, infrastructural demands made need investments (primarily China's Belt Road Initiative) dominant among region (Pempel, 2010;Lim 2015;Jones 2022). explains pragmatism efforts.Addressing convoluted process multisectoral responses. acknowledged raising issue interministerial level after series reforms took place within states' institutional governance Singapore, Thailand, Philippines, Indonesia, Vietnam, Cambodia, Brunei Darussalam when it comes measures, certain environmental damages could impact economy. For haze pollution taking peatland fires Asia, coordination Malaysia, Singapore were primarily constructed ensure does disrupt region's economies (Greenpeace, 2019;Wangwongwatana, 2023;Varkkey, 2024).Therefore, change, demand global institutions adopt serves dilemma. On hand, aware damage caused can cause disruptions food activities. As Development Bank reported 2015, there possible decline 6-12 percent rice yields Mekong River Delta 2050, ultimately slashing production half (ADB, 2015).Academics studied region-wide on favorable (Swe 2015;Shadman 2016). Conversely, hold require heavy investments. if state finance sources independently, undermine current advance state's economy 2017;Overland 2024).As shows, Philippines currently labeled 'middle powers,' countries substantial (Swielande, 2018;Gill, 2020;Park, 2022;Giang, 2023;Umar, 2023). To maintain momentum, accelerated attract ambitious projects, industrial downstream policies, projects. argued, opportunities region, followed realm 2008(Kuik, 2022;;Goh, 2016;Kuik 2017;Jones Unfortunately, other issues, including become priority. helps explain passive renewable 2005 2017. Wind solar remained minor, ranked below Europe, China, USA, even individual India Japan (Ding Beh, still lacks robust investment scheme, external actors only support (Johnson, 2021;Li Gallagher, 2022;Diaz-Rainey 2023;Overland 2024).Unfortunately, minor theme cooperation powerhouses discourse being financing especially evident lower economies: Laos, Vietnam (CMLV), have, recent struggled but faced numerous domestic instability governments' effectiveness (Lee, 2021;Putra, 2024b;Spandler 2024).Another performance response voluntary nature All committed UN Framework Climate Change Paris Agreement. at level, mandate authority impose targets actions Thus, Malaysia announced intentions achieve carbon neutrality Indonesia 2060, 2050 2021), did proper mechanisms takes place. norm-constructing organization, supranational body higher over sovereignty.This unfortunate, vast platforms establish more decisive change. through Resilience Network Working Group Change. Annually, leaders meet Ministerial Meetings Environment Senior Officials Meeting Environment, contains elements concerns center discussions. seen ASCCR 2021, language adopted dominated recommendations voluntarily wish to. If decide to, any consequences.Understanding pivotal better sluggish efforts. preoccupation significant concern impeded severe reforming systems align Coupled deficiencies handling non-traditional threats, concludes allow readers grasp clear reasons rates.

Language: Английский

Econometrics of Climate Change Research

Next generation., Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8(1), P. 73 - 73

Published: Nov. 11, 2024

The econometrics of climate change explores the intricate interplay between economic activity and dynamics, offering empirical insights into causes, impacts, mitigation global change. This research applies advanced econometric techniques to quantify consequences environmental changes evaluate effectiveness policies. By leveraging panel data models, time-series analysis, causal inference methods, this study investigates critical topics such as costs extreme weather events, efficacy carbon pricing mechanisms, role renewable energy adoption in mitigating risks. Additionally, incorporates machine learning enhance predictive accuracy modeling future climate-economic interactions. Through rigorous provides actionable recommendations for policymakers design sustainable strategies that balance growth with resilience. findings contribute a deeper understanding socioeconomic dimensions change, emphasizing importance evidence-based decision-making addressing one humanity’s most pressing challenges.

Language: Английский