Potential U.S. Production of Liquid Hydrocarbons From Biomass With Addition of Massive External Heat and Hydrogen Inputs

GCB Bioenergy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(2)

Published: Jan. 28, 2025

ABSTRACT We estimate the U.S. potential to convert biomass into liquid hydrocarbons for fuel and chemical feedstocks, assuming massive low‐carbon external heat hydrogen inputs. The is first a carbon feedstock only secondarily an energy source. This analysis done three estimates of available derived from 2023 Department Energy/U.S. Agriculture “Billion‐Ton Report” two augmented cases with maximum annual production 1326, 4791, 5799, 7432, 8745 million barrels diesel equivalent per year five cases. Constraints, such as assuring long‐term soil sustainability by recycling nutrients some back soils, result in being 70%–80% these numbers. currently consumes about 6900 year. Long‐term hydrocarbon consumption are between 50% 75% current consumption. External additions conversion processes are, respectively 25, 91, 111, 142, 167 tons system strongly negative because nutrient soils improve productivity.

Language: Английский

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Cycles of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in poultry manure management technologies – environmental aspects

Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 53(8), P. 914 - 938

Published: July 13, 2022

Poultry manure (PM) has become a serious environmental problem due to large scale of industrial production and unsustainable management, causing emissions greenhouse gases (GHGs), odors, leakage nutrients as well inorganic, organic biological pollutants. The main goal this review was get better understanding carbon, nitrogen, phosphorous cycles in processing poultry with the most common technologies such composting, anaerobic digestion, or thermal processes, e.g. pyrolysis. carbon contained matter (ca. 31%) is mineralized humified under aerobic conditions (matter recovery) and/or converted into biogas (energy recovery). PM feedstock for pyrolysis obtain biochar may effectively store prevent C, thus contributing climate change abatement. During nitrogen reduced from compost mixture by leachates form NH4+, NO3− gaseous NH3, N2O, N2. C/N ratio also decisive parameter. Most threats unmanaged result ammonia nitrous oxide emissions, being higher compared cattle cow independently technological processes. mainly inorganic (32-84%). Using untreated fertilizer does not allow taking up high doses phosphorus manure, so excess accumulates soil then leaches groundwater. Biochar struvite are an alternative storage source concentrations phosphorous. Cycles integral effect used management.

Language: Английский

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The Use of Waste to Produce Liquid Fertilizers in Terms of Sustainable Development and Energy Consumption in the Fertilizer Industry—A Case Study from Poland

Energies, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(4), P. 1747 - 1747

Published: Feb. 9, 2023

The topical challenge for the Polish, European, and global fertilizer industry is to produce sufficient nutrients growing plants using more energy-efficient environmentally friendly methods. appropriate course of action, in terms challenges posed, could be production liquid fertilizers, made from waste materials that exhibit properties. This solution makes it possible not only reduce exploitation natural resources but above all, implement elements a circular economy energy intensity industry. study shows both Poland European Union, there are current regulations aimed at indicating need obtain fertilizers containing valuable plant organic or recycled materials. recognition carried out Polish market clearly indicates soil conditioners, most used digestate fermentation process. preparation organic–mineral mainly based on algae extracts. Mine minerals mineral–liquid fertilizers. An analysis data has shown above-mentioned materials, as substrates contain chemical substances important for, among other things, stimulation proper development, growth aboveground underground parts plants, increased resistance diseases pests, regulation water management. Referring information, seems reasonable an alternative mineral–solid whose process energy-intensive produces air emissions. Detailed identification properties various components demonstrate their usefulness fertilizing soils, also emphasize importance this line research look groups reuse within framework economy.

Language: Английский

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Aluminosilicate Clay Minerals: Kaolin, Bentonite, and Halloysite as Fuel Additives for Thermal Conversion of Biomass and Waste

Energies, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(11), P. 4359 - 4359

Published: May 26, 2023

The current focus on renewable energy sources and the circular economy favors thermal conversion of low-quality fuels, such as biomass waste. However, main limitation their usability in power sector is risk slagging, fouling, ash deposition, high-temperature corrosion. These problems may be avoided or significantly mitigated by application aluminosilicate clay minerals fuel additives. In this paper, three most commonly occurring aluminosilicates are reviewed: kaolin, halloysite, bentonite. Their has been proven to minimize combustion-related bonding alkalis high-melting compounds, thus increasing melting temperatures, reducing deposition tendencies, decreasing particulate matter emission. Due excellent sorption properties, also expected fix heavy metals therefore decrease emissions into atmosphere. additives a key factor that increases attractiveness other fuels for sector.

Language: Английский

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Innovative Technological Approach for the Cyclic Nutrients Adsorption by Post-Digestion Sewage Sludge-Based Ash Co-Formed with Some Nanostructural Additives under a Circular Economy Framework

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 19(17), P. 11119 - 11119

Published: Sept. 5, 2022

This paper presents a new, innovative technological approach, in line with Circular Economy principles, to the effective management of sludge generated during municipal wastewater treatment processes and subsequently used for biogas production. approach allows optimal, functional, controlled cascade-type biotechnological thermal conversion carbon compounds present sewage sludge, later solid digestate residues (after production), finally ash structure incineration, purposefully dosed nanostructural additives make production useful product possible, especially cyclic adsorption slow release nutrients (N, P, K) soil). The idea is generally targeted at achieving an cycle under framework. In particular, it based on energy carrier (methane biogas) direct functionalized combustion by-products can be advantageous agriculture. use ashes (halloysite, kaolinite) from after anaerobic fermentation as adsorbent selected important agriculture (Na

Language: Английский

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Research and Innovation Needs for the Waste-To-Energy Sector towards a Net-Zero Circular Economy

Energies, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(4), P. 1909 - 1909

Published: Feb. 15, 2023

This perspective article aims to identify key research priorities make the waste-to-energy sector compatible with societal goals of circularity and carbon neutrality. These range from fundamental process engineering innovations socio-economic challenges. Three focus areas are highlighted: (i) optimization flue gas cleaning processes minimize gaseous emissions cross-media, (ii) expansion control intelligence meet targets for both material recovery energy recovery, (iii) climate neutrality, potential negative via removal atmospheric dioxide across full cycle waste resource. For each area, recent trends aspects that yet be addressed discussed.

Language: Английский

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Sustainable heavy metal (Cr(VI) ion) remediation: Ternary blend approach with chitosan, carboxymethyl cellulose, and bioactive glass

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 278, P. 134769 - 134769

Published: Aug. 14, 2024

Language: Английский

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Evaluating the Effect of the Local Organic Fly Ash on the Properties of Water-Based Drilling Fluid

Petroleum Chemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 24, 2025

Language: Английский

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Significance and Challenges of Poultry Litter and Cattle Manure as Sustainable Fuels: A Review

Energies, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 15(23), P. 8981 - 8981

Published: Nov. 28, 2022

Growing animal production results in a significant amount of waste, composed manure, bedding, feed, feathers, etc., whose safe and cost-effective disposal becomes troublesome challenge. The literature review points out that the higher heating value (HHV) animal-origin waste reaches 19 MJ/kg (dry basis), which positions it as promising renewable energy source. Various paths recovery were investigated literature, but thermal processes, particularly combustion co-combustion, indicated most effective from both technical environmental view. presented study reviews fuel characteristics, possible combustion-related challenges, ash routes popular waste: poultry litter cow (cattle) manure with slight sight on piggery (swine) manure. When considering feedstock fuel, usually only species is given (poultry, cattle, etc.). However, according to analyzed data, this not sufficient information. Several more factors crucially influence properties vital are: housing system, type farming style. Animal considered “difficult” nevertheless, does always cause problems. Some feature low chlorine concentrations high melting temperatures, makes them combustion-friendly.

Language: Английский

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Poultry litter ash potential as a replacement material in cementitious systems: a state-of-the-art review

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 11, 2024

Language: Английский

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