In
this
paper,
various
type
of
nonlinear
convergence
factors
based
Grey
Wolf
optimization
(GWO)
is
proposed
to
optimally
compute
the
Proportional-Integral-Derivative
(PID)
controller
gains
control
grid
frequency
in
a
single
area
power
system.
The
PID
controlled
system
are
determined
by
using
GWO
algorithm,
considering
cost
function,
integral
time-weighted
absolute
error
(ITAE).
efficiency
designed
verified
under
constant
and
variable
loads,
comparative
results
given
for
uncontrolled
cases.
Moreover,
algorithm
investigated
linear
coefficients
comparatively.
model
constructed
MATLAB,
indicate
that
transient
steady
state
responses
superior
those
when
applied
GWO.
Energies,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
17(24), P. 6402 - 6402
Published: Dec. 19, 2024
A
fuzzy
cascaded
PI−PD
(FCPIPD)
controller
is
proposed
in
this
paper
to
optimize
load
frequency
control
(LFC)
the
linked
electrical
network.
The
FCPIPD
composed
of
logic,
proportional
integral,
and
derivative
with
filtered
mode
controllers.
Utilizing
renewable
energy
sources
(RESs),
a
dual-area
hybrid
AC/DC
network
used,
gains
are
designed
via
secretary
bird
optimization
algorithm
(SBOA)
aid
novel
objective
function.
Unlike
conventional
functions,
function
able
specify
desired
LFCs
response.
Under
different
disturbance
situations,
comparison
study
conducted
compare
performance
SBOA-based
one-to-one
(OOBO)-based
earlier
LFC
controllers
published
literature.
simulation’s
outcomes
demonstrate
that
SBOA-FCPIPD
outperforms
existing
For
instance,
case
variable
change
RESs
profile,
has
best
integral
time
absolute
error
(ITAE)
value.
controller’s
ITAE
value
0.5101,
while
sine
cosine
adopted
an
improved
equilibrium
algorithm-based
adaptive
type
2
PID
obtained
4.3142.
Furthermore,
work
expanded
include
electric
vehicle
(EV),
high
voltage
direct
current
(HVDC),
generation
rate
constraint
(GRC),
governor
dead
band
(GDB),
communication
delay
(CTD).
result
showed
performs
well
when
these
components
equipped
system
with/without
reset
its
gains.
Also,
four-area
microgrid
(MGS),
excelled
SBOA-CPIPD
SBOAPID
Finally,
superiority
against
various
for
two-area
conventionally
Energies,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
17(24), P. 6492 - 6492
Published: Dec. 23, 2024
This
paper
addresses
the
challenge
of
enhancing
power
quality
in
a
standalone
microgrid
powered
by
wind
and
battery
systems.
Fluctuations
generation
unpredictable
electricity
demand
significantly
impact
quality.
To
mitigate
these
issues,
control
strategy
utilizing
Super
Twisting
Sliding
Mode
(STSM)
controllers
tuned
Hippopotamus
Optimization
Algorithm
(HOA)
is
proposed.
The
HOA
algorithm
efficiently
determines
optimal
STSM
controller
parameters,
leading
to
improved
system
performance
stability.
A
comparative
study
was
conducted
against
PI,
Fuzzy
Logic
controllers,
other
metaheuristic
optimization
algorithms
(PSO,
GWO,
WOA).
Simulation
results,
obtained
using
MATLAB/Simulink,
demonstrate
superior
proposed
methodology.
Specifically,
during
simulated
abrupt
load
change,
exhibited
rapid
recovery
with
frequency
reaching
equilibrium,
faster
than
PI
controllers.
Moreover,
DC
link
voltage
remained
stable
fluctuations
only
2%,
while
three-phase
RMS
voltages
at
Point
Load
Bus
(PLB)
maintained
balanced
values.
These
results
confirm
enhanced
robust
operation
achieved
HOA-tuned
strategy,
outperforming
tested
methods.
methodology
effectively
manages
both
energy
management
improves
battery-powered
microgrids.
Sustainability,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
15(13), P. 9853 - 9853
Published: June 21, 2023
Load
frequency
control
(LFC)
serves
as
a
crucial
component
of
automatic
generation
in
renewable
energy
power
systems.
Its
primary
objective
is
to
maintain
balance
between
the
output
generators
and
load
demand,
thereby
ensuring
system
stability.
However,
integrating
sources
into
systems
brings
forth
several
challenges,
such
low
quality
poor
stability
due
their
uncontrollable
nature.
To
enhance
response
speed,
stability,
disturbance
rejection
capabilities
LFC,
novel
fractional-order
active
controller
(NFOADRC)
based
on
an
improved
marine
predator
algorithm
(IMPA)
has
been
designed
this
paper.
By
leveraging
wide
frequency-response
range
non-local
memory
NFOADRC,
more
precise
prediction
compensation
rapid
oscillations
can
be
achieved.
Additionally,
IMPA
utilized
for
efficient
parameter
tuning,
enabling
accurate
adjustment
controller.
Subsequently,
combined
application
these
approaches
applied
two-area
interconnected
with
solar
thermal
plant
(STPP)
five-area
including
wind
turbine
generator
(WTG),
photovoltaic
(PV)
cells,
hydro
turbine,
gas
turbine.
The
simulation
results
confirm
that
proposed
strategy
effectively
minimizes
undershoot
overshoot
deviation
system.
It
achieves
faster
stabilization
frequency,
leading
enhanced
quality.
Because
of
the
sophisticated
dynamic
behaviour
inherent
in
multi-microgrid
power
systems,
effectiveness
such
systems
is
compromised
since
there
not
enough
damping.
The
intermittent
behavior
renewable
energy
sources
(RESs),
loading
circumstances,
and
fluctuations
network
parameters
are
primary
contributors
to
damping
challenges.
Load
frequency
control
(LFC)
an
effective
method
for
enhancing
stability
reliability
electrical
supported
by
RESs.
It
imperative
that
controllers
be
designed
appropriately
maintain
a
reliable,
steady,
high-quality
supply.
In
addition
controlling
tie-line,
controller
responsible
minimizing
any
variations
area
frequency.
As
result,
this
paper
aims
suggest
regulating
frequencies
predicated
on
utilizing
fractional-order
proportional-integral-derivative
(FOPID)
controller.
Additionally,
proposes
adaptive
beluga
whale
optimizer
(ABWO)
optimize
gains
FOIPID
ABWO
improved
version
original
optimizer,
weight
factor
improves
its
exploration
exploitation
along
with
random
spare
mechanism.
simulation
findings
demonstrate
algorithm
attaining
high
reduction
instabilities
tie-line
stability.
In
this
paper,
various
type
of
nonlinear
convergence
factors
based
Grey
Wolf
optimization
(GWO)
is
proposed
to
optimally
compute
the
Proportional-Integral-Derivative
(PID)
controller
gains
control
grid
frequency
in
a
single
area
power
system.
The
PID
controlled
system
are
determined
by
using
GWO
algorithm,
considering
cost
function,
integral
time-weighted
absolute
error
(ITAE).
efficiency
designed
verified
under
constant
and
variable
loads,
comparative
results
given
for
uncontrolled
cases.
Moreover,
algorithm
investigated
linear
coefficients
comparatively.
model
constructed
MATLAB,
indicate
that
transient
steady
state
responses
superior
those
when
applied
GWO.
