Processes,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
13(5), P. 1264 - 1264
Published: April 22, 2025
This
review
discusses
the
potential
of
emerging
technologies,
as
well
their
integration
with
conventional
methods,
to
optimize
extraction
lignocellulosic
compounds
from
cocoa
pod
hull
(CPH),
an
agro-industrial
residue
that
represents
approximately
76%
total
weight
fruit.
CPH
is
primarily
composed
cellulose,
hemicellulose,
lignin,
and
pectin.
Emerging
technologies
such
microwave-assisted
extraction,
hydrothermal
treatment,
subcritical
water,
ionic
liquids,
deep
eutectic
solvents,
ultrasound
treatment
have
proven
effective
in
recovering
value-added
compounds,
especially
when
combined
techniques
improve
process
efficiency.
Furthermore,
use
high-voltage
electric
discharge
(HVED)
proposed
reduce
inorganic
contaminants,
cadmium,
ensuring
safety
by-products.
The
compounds’
applications
include
food,
pharmaceutical,
cosmetics,
agricultural,
biopolymer,
environmental
industries.
conversion
biochar
biofuels
via
pyrolysis
supercritical
also
discussed.
presents
opportunity
valorize
by-product
development;
however,
research
continues,
scalability
economic
viability
must
be
assessed.
Cleaner Materials,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
13, P. 100253 - 100253
Published: June 13, 2024
The
development
of
sustainable
and
effective
methods
for
extracting
lignin
is
crucial
achieving
the
advantages
promoting
shift
towards
a
more
circular
bioeconomy.
This
study
addresses
use
environmentally
friendly
processes,
including
organosolv
technique,
supercritical
fluid
(SCF),
non-thermal
plasma
(NTP),
ionic
liquids
(ILs),
deep
eutectic
solvents
(DES),
microwave
assisted
extraction
(MAE)
techniques
extraction.
Organosolv
treatment
offers
high
selectivity
purity
make
this
process
economically
feasible.
Using
water,
carbon
dioxide,
or
ethanol
to
extract
without
harmful
successful
customizable.
NTP
technologies
break
down
lignin,
simplifying
processing
increasing
its
value.
Whereas
ILs
may
boost
synthesis
change
properties
via
solvent
design.
DES-based
can
efficiently
specifically
lignin.
rapid
MAE
method
employs
radiation
reduce
times
yields
These
feature
selectivity,
little
environmental
impact,
capacity
target
fractions.
describes
fundamentals,
benefits,
drawbacks
each
process,
focusing
on
their
ability
large
scale
future
usage.
Additionally,
review
explores
most
recent
advancements
in
application
sector,
as
well
challenges
potential
valorizing
streams
derived
from
extraction,
thereby
fostering
solutions.
research
concludes
that
overcome
challenges,
need
address
concerns,
cost,
emissions,
efficient
use.
Energies,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
17(5), P. 1048 - 1048
Published: Feb. 22, 2024
This
review
paper
examines
acid
and
alkaline
pretreatments
on
perennial
grasses
for
second-generation
(2G)
bioethanol
production,
a
relatively
unexplored
area
in
this
field.
It
compares
the
efficiency
of
these
producing
fermentable
sugar
yield.
study
finds
that
pretreatment
is
more
effective
than
acidic
removing
lignin
increasing
yield,
leading
to
higher
ethanol
yields.
However,
it
costlier
requires
longer
reaction
times
pretreatment,
while
often
leads
formation
inhibitory
compounds
at
temperatures,
which
undesirable.
The
economic
environmental
impacts
lignocellulosic
biomass
(LCB)
are
also
assessed.
revealed
LCB
has
lower
carbon
but
water
footprint
significant
costs
due
compared
first-generation
biofuels.
further
explores
artificial
intelligence
(AI)
advanced
technologies
optimizing
production
identified
gap
literature
regarding
their
application
grasses.
concludes
although
hold
promise
2G
bioethanol,
high
challenges
associated
with
necessitate
research.
research
should
focus
integrating
AI
optimize
LCB,
thereby
improving
sustainability
biofuel
production.
International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
22(7), P. 719 - 727
Published: July 1, 2024
Abstract
The
adoption
of
biofuels
as
an
energy
source
has
experienced
a
substantial
increase,
exceeding
the
consumption
fossil
fuels.
shift
can
be
ascribed
to
availability
renewable
resources
for
production
and
ecological
advantages
linked
their
utilisation.
Nevertheless,
due
its
intricate
characteristics,
process
producing
ethanol
fuel
from
biomass
poses
difficulties
in
terms
administration,
enhancement,
forecasting
future
results.
To
tackle
these
difficulties,
it
is
crucial
utilise
modelling
techniques
like
artificial
intelligence
(AI)
create,
oversee,
improve
bioethanol
procedures.
Artificial
Neural
Networks
(ANN)
prominent
AI
technique
that
offers
significant
systems’
pretreatment,
fermentation,
conversion
stages.
They
are
highly
flexible
accurate,
making
them
particularly
well-suited.
This
study
thoroughly
examines
several
used
production,
specifically
focusing
on
research
published
past
ten
years.
analysis
emphasises
importance
using
methods
address
complexities
shows
role
enhancing
efficiency
sustainability
biofuel
industry.
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
13(4), P. 750 - 782
Published: May 15, 2024
The
rising
demand
for
renewable
energy
sources
has
fueled
interest
in
converting
biomass
and
organic
waste
into
sustainable
bioenergy.
This
study
employs
a
bibliometric
analysis
(2013-2023)
of
publications
to
assess
trends,
advancements,
future
prospects
this
field.
explores
seven
key
research
indicators,
including
publication
leading
contributors,
keyword
analysis,
highly
cited
papers.
We
begin
with
comprehensive
overview
as
source
various
waste-to-energy
technologies.
Employing
Scopus
Web
Science
databases
alongside
Biblioshiny
VOSviewer
the
investigates
patterns,
citation
networks,
usage.
systematic
approach
unveils
significant
trends
focus
identifies
prominent
actors
(countries
institutions).
Our
findings
reveal
increase
yearly
publications,
reflecting
growing
global
on
conversion.
Leading
contributors
include
China,
United
States,
India,
Germany.
Analysis
keywords
commonly
used
terms
like
"biofuels,"
"pyrolysis,"
"lignocellulosic
biomass."
concludes
by
proposing
directions,
emphasizing
advanced
conversion
technologies,
integration
sources,
innovative
modelling
techniques.
Fermentation,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
10(6), P. 270 - 270
Published: May 22, 2024
Microalgal
biomass
is
an
excellent
platform
for
producing
food,
feed,
nutraceuticals,
pharmaceuticals,
and
biofuels.
This
study
aimed
to
investigate
the
effect
of
trophic
mode
cultivation
(phototrophic,
heterotrophic,
mixotrophic)
on
growth
composition
Chlorella
vulgaris
S2.
The
contents
lipids
carbohydrates,
as
well
fatty
acid
total
lipids,
were
studied.
effects
carbon-to-nitrogen
ratio
(C:N)
organic
carbon
concentration
media
under
mixotrophic
heterotrophic
conditions
also
investigated.
C:N
30
mol
mol−1
favoured
lipid
synthesis,
10
carbohydrate
synthesis.
Maximal
productivities
(2.238
0.458
g
L−1
d−1,
respectively)
obtained
at
50
glucose
L−1.
Fed-batch
conducted
in
a
stirrer
tank
bioreactor
increased
(2.385
(0.339
d−1)
~50
~60
times
compared
fed-batch
phototrophic
cultivation,
respectively.
mode,
phase,
medium
significantly
influenced
composition.
Under
conditions,
accumulation
associated
with
increase
oleic
(C18:1)
content.
Mixotrophically
grown
S2
optimised
suitable
source
biodiesel
production.
IntechOpen eBooks,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 3, 2025
In
this
chapter,
we
explore
the
vast
potential
of
Portuguese
agroforestry
biomass
as
a
sustainable
source
valuable
biomolecules.
Focusing
on
extraction,
characterization,
and
valorization
compounds,
such
polysaccharides,
phenolics,
essential
oils
from
native
species
like
carob,
cork
oak,
aromatic
plants
or
maritime
pine,
highlight
their
applications
in
food,
pharmaceutical,
innovative
bio-based
materials.
Emphasis
is
placed
eco-friendly
extraction
techniques
functionalization
methods
to
enhance
physicochemical
properties
different
biomolecules,
thus
expanding
applicability
commercial
relevance.
By
highlighting
unexploited
diversity
biomass,
can
pave
way
for
an
and,
platform
that
not
only
drive
economic
growth
but
also
preserve
biodiversity,
reduce
waste,
ensure
greener
more
prosperous
future.
Waste,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
3(1), P. 4 - 4
Published: Jan. 9, 2025
This
study
investigates
the
properties
of
Benitaka
grape
pomace
(Vitis
vinifera
L.),
a
byproduct
wine
industry,
focusing
on
its
potential
for
applications
in
circular
economy
and
biorefinery
processes.
The
analysis
covers
range
physical,
chemical,
structural
characteristics,
including
composition
proteins,
moisture,
lipids,
ash,
sugars,
fiber
fractions
(such
as
neutral-detergent
fiber,
cellulose,
lignin,
hemicellulose),
pH,
acidity,
gross
energy,
well
bioactive
compounds
such
total
phenolics,
flavonoids,
anthocyanins,
antioxidant
capacity.
Advanced
characterization
techniques,
nitrogen
adsorption/desorption
isotherms,
Fourier-transform
infrared
spectroscopy,
differential
scanning
calorimetry,
electron
microscopy,
high-performance
liquid
chromatography
coupled
with
mass
spectrometry,
were
employed.
results
revealed
an
acidic
pH
4.05
titratable
acidity
1.25
g
tartaric
acid
per
100
g.
energy
was
3764
kcal
kg−1,
indicating
high
capacity,
similar
to
wood
chips.
exhibited
hygroscopicity
(31
50
moisture
g),
levels
significant
values
phenolics
(5956.56
mg
GAE
g−1),
flavonoids
(1958.33
CAT
anthocyanins
(66.92
C3G
g−1).
Antioxidant
showed
promising
results,
DPPH
FRAP
20.12
16.85
μmol
TEAC
g−1
extract,
respectively.
not
only
validates
existing
data
but
also
provides
new
insights
into
hemicellulose
lignocellulosic
phase
transitions,
highlighting
resource
sustainability
industry
