Mortality of Emerald Ash Borer Larvae in Small Regenerating Ash in New York Forests

Journal of Economic Entomology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 115(5), P. 1442 - 1454

Published: April 29, 2022

Despite a robust biocontrol program against emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), parasitoid populations cannot build quickly enough to save mature trees. The future of as viable component North American forests depends on survival immature that were too small be attacked during the initial outbreak. This study was designed quantify impacts established introduced parasitoids and native woodpeckers population growth borer infesting regenerating saplings in white forests. Most larvae killed by Tetrastichus planipennisi Yang fourth instar. Life-table analyses revealed estimated net reproductive rate R0 = 4.2 eastern New York 0.0 western York. Without mortality from woodpeckers, values would have been 16.4 7.9 York, respectively. We monitored health sapling trees 2012 2017 found large significantly more likely infested with die than smaller Fifty-four percent 81% contained no living density at all sites very low (< 4/m2). adds growing body evidence is contributing control can help promote young recover outbreaks.

Language: Английский

---

Coexistence between similar invaders: The case of two cosmopolitan exotic insects

Ecology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 104(4)

Published: Jan. 24, 2023

Abstract Biological invasions are usually examined in the context of their impacts on native species. However, few studies have dynamics between invaders when multiple exotic species successfully coexist a novel environment. Yet, long‐term coexistence now established has been observed North American lady beetle communities. Exotic beetles Harmonia axyridis and Coccinella septempunctata were introduced for biological control agricultural systems since become dominant within these In this study, we investigated via spatial temporal niche partitioning among H. C. using 31‐year data set from southwestern Michigan, USA. We found evidence through combination small‐scale environmental, habitat, seasonal mechanisms. Across years, experienced patterns cyclical dominance likely related to yearly variation temperature precipitation. Within populations peaked early growing season at 550 degree days, while grew until 1250 days continued high activity after point. was generally most abundant herbaceous crops, whereas did not display strong habitat preferences. These findings suggest that region broader abiotic environmental preferences, thrives under more specific ecological conditions. differences contributed two invaders. Understanding mechanisms allow contributes biodiversity conservation management invaded ecosystems.

Language: Английский

---

Impacts of Exotic Pests on Forest Ecosystems: An Update

Forests, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 605 - 605

Published: March 18, 2023

Pests (e.g., insects, pathogens) affect forest communities through complex interactions with plants, other animals, and the environment. While effects of exotic (non-native) pests on trees received broad attention were extensively studied, fewer studies addressed ecosystem-level consequences these effects. Related so far mostly only targeted a very few dominant hemlock woolly adelgid—HWA, beech bark disease—BBD, spongy moth—SM) limited to aspects situation such as (1) pests’ direct physical disturbance ecosystems, (2) altered geochemical elements soils, water, air excretion), (3) feedback from alteration ecosystems native present future pest invasions. New also show that, in general, planted forests appear be more prone invasions thus suffer greater impacts than natural forests. Integrated are critically needed address direct/indirect ecosystem elements, both short- long-term effects, We discuss implications new findings corresponding management strategies.

Language: Английский

---

Observations of reduced ET and persistent elevated water table beneath a riparian forest gap following emerald ash borer invasion and tree mortality

Hydrological Processes, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 38(4)

Published: April 1, 2024

Abstract Emerald ash borer (EAB) ( Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire), an invasive, phloem‐feeding beetle native to Asia, has killed millions of Fraxinus spp.) trees in North America since it was detected southeast Michigan 2002. Consistently high mortality black nigra ) and green F. pennsylvanica which often occur riparian forests is a concern given their role regulating soil moisture shallow groundwater levels. We monitored compared hydrologic processes forest impacted by EAB invasion adjacent unimpacted site southwest Michigan. From 2018 2022, we recorded moisture, depth meteorological variables at 15‐min intervals throughout the growing season canopy gap following EAB‐caused adjacent, unaffected Augusta Creek zone. Groundwater contributions evapotranspiration (ET G were estimated using level fluctuation (WLF) method. Significant differences volumetric content (16%–26% higher than forest), average water (10 cm vs. 70 below land surface forest) mean daily ET (0.6 3.0 mm per day persisted across four seasons. Within gap, prolonged saturation near may be contributing shift from forested ecosystem herb sedge‐dominated wetland. These have implications for array zone services, extent already sustained much eastern America.

Language: Английский

---

Longitude, Forest Fragmentation, and Plant Size Influence Cycas micronesica Mortality Following Island Insect Invasions

Diversity, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 12(5), P. 194 - 194

Published: May 14, 2020

Island invasions may cause severe changes in biodiversity, but the factors that influence these are not well understood. We established 120 plots Cycas micronesica habitats throughout Guam 2005 following invasion of armored scale Aulacaspis yasumatsui, then observed plant mortality through 2020. used transects Yap as benchmarks, C. population is threatened. The initial contained about 1600 seedlings, 1160 juveniles, and 1240 mature plants per ha. Seedling was 100% by 2006, juvenile 2014, 2020 census revealed 96% population. Localities western isolated forest fragments exhibited greatest mortality, with extirpation from two fragmented localities. trees were unchanged 2010 to 2018, seedling count heterogeneous among years. Constrained recruitment seedlings juveniles explained dynamics. 6120 3400 1250 Biological control invasive insects remains acute conservation action needed for Lessons learned be useful other regions where non-native pests threaten biodiversity.

Language: Английский

---