bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 4, 2022
Abstract
The
largest
family
of
disease
resistance
genes
in
plants
are
nucleotide-binding
site
leucine-rich
repeat
(NLRs).
products
these
responsible
for
recognizing
avirulence
proteins
(Avr)
phytopathogens
and
triggering
specific
defense
responses.
Identifying
NLRs
plant
genomes
with
standard
gene
annotation
software
is
challenging
due
to
their
multidomain
nature,
sequence
diversity,
clustered
genomic
distribution.
We
present
the
results
a
genome-wide
scan
comparative
analysis
NLR
loci
three
coffee
species
(
Coffea
canephora,
eugenioides
interspecific
hybrid
arabica
).
A
total
1311
non-redundant
were
identified
C.
,
927
canephora
1079
which
809,
562,
695
complete
loci,
respectively.
NLR-annotator
tool
used
this
study
showed
extremely
high
sensitivities
specificities
(over
99%)
increased
detection
putative
reference
genomes.
distributed
among
all
chromosomes
organized
mostly
clusters.
genome
presented
smaller
number
when
compared
sum
parental
There
orthologous
(orthogroups)
shared
between
coffee,
tomato,
potato,
those
that
only
species,
provides
clues
about
functionality
evolutionary
history
orthogroups.
Phylogenetic
demonstrated
possibly
lost.
members
subdivided
into
two
main
groups:
TIR-NLR
(TNL)
non-TNL.
non-TNLs
seem
represent
repertoire
important
coffee.
These
will
support
functional
studies
contribute
more
precise
use
breeding
disease-resistant
cultivars.
Revisão Anual de Patologia de Plantas,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 79 - 105
Published: March 5, 2023
During
evolution,
plants
developed
a
complex
set
of
morphological,
biochemical
and
molecular,
preformed
inducible
defense
mechanisms
that
allowed
them
to
live
in
stressful
conditions.
In
addition,
the
ability
synthesize
organic
compounds
(primary
secondary
metabolites
plant
hormones)
has
ensure
success
colonizing
challenging
environments.
With
practice
intensive
monoculture,
aiming
feed
an
increasingly
numerous
population,
incidence
viruses
increased
almost
same
proportion.
Thus,
aggressive
control
practices
environment
human
health
such
as
use
pesticides
began
be
recommended
uncontrolled
way,
which
encouraged
search
for
more
sustainable
agriculture.
Therefore,
understanding
used
by
viroses
interfere
with
metabolism
compatible
incompatible
interactions,
well
those
overcome
or
not
infection,
is
fundamental
can
help
clarify
important
points
plant-virus
enabling
recommendation
ecologically
friendly
crop
management.
this
review,
molecular
aspects
metabolic
changes
induced
viruses,
natural
products
application
these
agriculture
will
addressed.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 15, 2023
Abstract
To
understand
the
biology
of
a
species
it
is
often
crucial
to
be
able
differentiate
males
and
females.
Many
lack
distinguishable
sexually
dimorphic
traits,
but
in
those
that
possess
sex
chromosomes,
molecular
sexing
offers
good
alternative.
Designing
assays
typically
achieved
through
comparison
male
female
genomic
sequences,
from
reduced-representation
sequencing.
However,
many
non-model
chromosomes
are
poorly
differentiated,
identifying
sex-limited
sequences
developing
PCR-based
challenging
without
additional
resources.
Here
we
highlight
simple
procedure
for
detection
sex-linked
markers
based
on
transcriptomes
circumvents
limitations
other
approaches.
We
apply
spotted
snow
skink
Carinascincus
ocellatus
,
lizard
with
homomorphic
XY
also
experiences
environmentally-induced
reversal.
With
3
females
alone,
identify
thousands
putative
Y-linked
sequences.
confirm
linkage
alignment
assembled
transcripts
distantly
related
genome,
readily
design
PCR
primers
C.
species.
In
addition
providing
an
important
tool
these
species,
this
approach
facilitated
valuable
comparisons
determining
systems
large
taxonomic
scale.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: July 3, 2022
Abstract
Tomato
is
the
most
consumed
vegetable
in
world.
Increasing
its
natural
resistance
and
resilience
key
for
ensuring
food
security
within
a
changing
climate.
Plant
breeders
improve
those
traits
by
generating
crosses
of
cultivated
tomatoes
with
their
wild
relatives.
Specific
allele
introgression
relying
on
meiotic
recombination,
hampered
structural
divergence
between
parental
genomes.
However,
previous
studies
interspecific
tomato
hybridization
focused
single
cross
or
lacked
resolution
due
to
prohibitive
sequencing
costs
large
segregating
populations.
Here,
we
used
pooled-pollen
reveal
unprecedented
details
recombination
patterns
five
hybrids.
We
detected
hybrid-specific
coldspots
that
underscore
influence
shaping
landscape.
Crossover
regions
show
strong
association
specific
TE
superfamilies
exhibiting
differentially
accessible
chromatin
somatic
cells.
also
found
gene
complexes
associated
metabolic
processes,
stress
domestication
syndrome
traits,
revealing
undesired
consequences
suppression
phenotypes.
Finally,
demonstrate
using
resequencing
data
domesticated
populations,
can
screen
alternative
genomes
overcome
barriers.
Overall,
our
results
will
allow
better
informed
decisions
disease-resistant
climate-resilient
tomato.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: May 4, 2023
Abstract
Rearrangements
within
the
AUTS2
region
are
associated
with
a
rare
syndromic
disorder
intellectual
disability,
developmental
delay
and
behavioral
abnormalities
as
core
features.
In
addition,
smaller
regional
variants
linked
to
wide
range
of
neuropsychiatric
disorders,
underscoring
gene’s
essential
role
in
brain
development.
Like
many
neurodevelopmental
genes,
is
large
complex,
generating
distinct
long
(AUTS2-l)
short
(AUTS2-s)
protein
isoforms
from
alternative
promoters.
Although
evidence
suggests
unique
isoform
functions,
contributions
each
specific
AUTS2-
phenotypes
have
not
been
clearly
resolved.
Furthermore,
Auts2
widely
expressed
across
developing
brain,
but
cell
populations
most
central
disease
presentation
determined.
this
study,
we
focused
on
roles
AUTS2-l
development,
behavior,
postnatal
gene
expression,
showing
that
brain-wide
ablation
leads
subsets
recessive
pathologies
C-terminal
mutations
disrupt
both
isoforms.
We
identify
downstream
genes
could
explain
including
hundreds
putative
direct
l
target
genes.
contrast
which
lead
dominant
hypoactivity,
loss-of-function
hyperactivity,
phenotype
exhibited
by
human
patients.
Finally,
show
Calbindin
1
-expressing
lineages
sufficient
yield
learning/memory
deficits
hyperactivity
abnormal
dentate
gyrus
granule
maturation,
other
phenotypic
effects.
These
data
provide
new
clues
vivo
functions
novel
information
relevant
genotype-phenotype
correlations
region.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Oct. 17, 2023
Abstract
Understanding
the
evolution
of
pathogen
resistance
genes
(nucleotide-binding
site-leucine-rich
repeats,
also
known
as
NLRs)
within
a
species
requires
comprehensive
examination
factors
that
affect
gene
loss
and
gain.
We
present
new
reference
genome
Solanum
chilense
,
leads
to
an
increased
number
more
accurate
annotation
NLRs.
Next,
using
target-capture
approach,
we
quantify
presence-absence
variation
(PAV)
NLR
loci
across
20
populations
from
different
habitats.
build
rigorous
pipeline
validate
identification
PAV
NLRs,
then
show
is
larger
than
between
populations,
suggesting
maintenance
diversity
linked
population
dynamics.
Furthermore,
amount
not
correlated
with
presence
in
clusters
genome,
but
rather
past
demographic
history
species,
NLRs
diverging
at
distribution
edges
smaller
sizes.
Finally,
redundancy
analysis,
find
limited
evidence
being
environmental
gradients.
Our
results
contradict
classic
assumptions
important
selective
role
for
suggest
driven
by
random
processes
(and
weak
selection)
outcrossing
plant
high
nucleotide
diversity.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Nov. 6, 2020
Abstract
The
impact
of
learning
ability
and
sexual
selection
on
the
climate
biodiversity
crisis
are
currently
unclear.
Using
African
butterfly
Bicyclus
anynana
,
which
shows
strong
phenotypic
plasticity
(i.e.,
polyphenism)
in
response
to
temperature,
we
tested
whether
affects
mate
preferences
under
warming.
We
first
modelled
warming
scenarios
then
showed
experimentally
that
as
temperature
becomes
an
unreliable
cue
onset
dry
season,
adult
butterflies
displayed
wet
season
rather
than
form.
Experienced
females
were
exposed
different
male
seasonal
phenotypes
during
maturation
changed
preferences.
Female
fertilization
success
was
reversed
for
naive
compared
experienced
females,
likely
reducing
female
fitness
following
Our
results
emphasize
importance
selection,
learning,
their
consequences
understanding
(mal)adaptation
natural
populations
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 4, 2022
Abstract
The
largest
family
of
disease
resistance
genes
in
plants
are
nucleotide-binding
site
leucine-rich
repeat
(NLRs).
products
these
responsible
for
recognizing
avirulence
proteins
(Avr)
phytopathogens
and
triggering
specific
defense
responses.
Identifying
NLRs
plant
genomes
with
standard
gene
annotation
software
is
challenging
due
to
their
multidomain
nature,
sequence
diversity,
clustered
genomic
distribution.
We
present
the
results
a
genome-wide
scan
comparative
analysis
NLR
loci
three
coffee
species
(
Coffea
canephora,
eugenioides
interspecific
hybrid
arabica
).
A
total
1311
non-redundant
were
identified
C.
,
927
canephora
1079
which
809,
562,
695
complete
loci,
respectively.
NLR-annotator
tool
used
this
study
showed
extremely
high
sensitivities
specificities
(over
99%)
increased
detection
putative
reference
genomes.
distributed
among
all
chromosomes
organized
mostly
clusters.
genome
presented
smaller
number
when
compared
sum
parental
There
orthologous
(orthogroups)
shared
between
coffee,
tomato,
potato,
those
that
only
species,
provides
clues
about
functionality
evolutionary
history
orthogroups.
Phylogenetic
demonstrated
possibly
lost.
members
subdivided
into
two
main
groups:
TIR-NLR
(TNL)
non-TNL.
non-TNLs
seem
represent
repertoire
important
coffee.
These
will
support
functional
studies
contribute
more
precise
use
breeding
disease-resistant
cultivars.