The Role of the Gut Microbiome and Microbial Dysbiosis in Common Skin Diseases

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(4), P. 1984 - 1984

Published: Feb. 6, 2024

Dermatoses are an increasingly common problem, particularly in developed countries. The causes of this phenomenon include genetic factors and environmental elements. More more scientific reports suggest that the gut microbiome, specifically its dysbiosis, also plays important role induction progression diseases, including dermatological diseases. microbiome is recognised as largest endocrine organ, has a key function maintaining human homeostasis. In review, authors will take close look at link between gut-skin axis pathogenesis dermatoses such atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, alopecia areata, acne. focus on probiotics remodelling alleviation dermatoses.

Language: Английский

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Deciphering the Complex Immunopathogenesis of Alopecia Areata

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(11), P. 5652 - 5652

Published: May 22, 2024

Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune-mediated disorder in which the proximal hair follicle (HF) attack results non-scarring partial to total scalp or body loss. Despite growing knowledge about AA, its exact cause still needs be understood. However, immunity and genetic factors are affirmed critical AA development. While genome-wide association studies proved innate acquired involvement, mouse models implicated IFN-γ- cytotoxic CD8+ T-cell-mediated immune response as main drivers of disease pathogenesis. The loss caused by inflammation HF area, disturbing function disrupting growth cycle without destroying follicle. Thus, privilege, autoimmune destruction mediated mechanisms, upregulation inflammatory pathways play a crucial role. associated with concurrent systemic disorders such atopic dermatitis, vitiligo, psoriasis, thyroiditis. Likewise, patient’s quality life (QoL) significantly impaired morphologic disfigurement illness. patients experience negative impact on psychological well-being self-esteem may more likely suffer from psychiatric comorbidities. This manuscript aims present latest pathogenesis involves genetic, epigenetic, immunological, environmental factors, particular emphasis immunopathogenesis.

Language: Английский

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Alopecia Areata: Understanding the Pathophysiology and Advancements in Treatment Modalities

Cureus, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 31, 2025

Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune condition that presents with non-scarring hair loss affecting multiple patients worldwide during their lifetime. It ranges from well-defined patchy to diffuse total loss, impacting all hair-bearing areas of the body. AA most commonly predominantly manifests on scalp. The pathophysiology complex and multi-faceted. findings our review article were consistent recent literature, delineating autoimmunity, genetic susceptibility, environmental aspects be contributing factors. One main causes believed disruption in immune privilege follicles. Multiple loci involved follicle maturation process have been linked development as evidenced by several studies. has postulated psychological stressors, smoking, alcohol consumption, sleep disturbances, gut microbiota, drugs play a role pathogenesis exacerbating response against clinically diagnosed disorder. Topical, intra-lesional, oral corticosteroids, topical minoxidil, cyclosporine, other therapy are widely accepted first-line treatment options, although incomplete remission relapses common. Recently JAK-2 inhibitors mesenchymal stem cell exosomes shown promising results, potentially treating severe refractory loss. bidirectional relationship symptoms it can lead social anxiety depression, which turn aggravate Hence, crucial implement holistic approach managing including systemic therapies, counseling, lifestyle modifications. imperative fully declinate pathophysiological mechanisms disease formulate therapies future research help clinicians dermatologists devise definitive guidelines treat for long-term remission.

Language: Английский

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Causal relationship between the gut microbiome and basal cell carcinoma, melanoma skin cancer, ease of skin tanning: evidence from three two-sample mendelian randomisation studies

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Jan. 18, 2024

Objectives The present study used publicly available genome-wide association (GWAS) summary data to perform three two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) studies, aiming examine the causal links between gut microbiome and BCC, melanoma skin cancer, ease of tanning. Methods SNPs associated with exposures basal cell carcinoma, cancer tanning from UK Biobank MRC-IEU (MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit), meta-analysis were as instrumental variables (IVs). casual estimates assessed a randomisation test using inverse-variance-weighted (IVW) method, Wald ratio, MR-Egger maximum likelihood, weighted median, simple mode, mode. Results After application MR analysis, diffirent effects multiple groups microbiota was observed for relationships supported by suite sensitivity analyses, no statistical evidence instrument heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy. Further investigation is required explore relationship Conclusion Our initially identified potential roles tanning, highlighted role in progression

Language: Английский

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Efficacy of probiotics in hair growth and dandruff control: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(9), P. e29539 - e29539

Published: April 16, 2024

Probiotics are intellectually rewarding for the discovery of their potential as a source functional food. Investigating economic and beauty sector dynamics, this study conducted comprehensive review scholarly articles to evaluate capacity probiotics promote hair growth manage dandruff.

Language: Английский

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The Disturbed Microbial Niches of Itchy Scalp

Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Background Scalp itch without evident cause is an uncomfortable symptom that annoys many people in life but lacks adequate attention academic. Aims To investigate the relationship between scalp itching and microorganisms, identify key microbes predicted functions associated with itching, furtherly to provide useful targets for solution. Methods We performed microbial comparison 44 normal subjects 89 having problem un‐identified origin based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing ddPCR (digital droplet PCR), identified relevant functions. minimize false positive findings, another 43 itchy were used independent validation. Results The three most abundant bacterial genus Cutibacterium , Lawsonella, Staphylococcus predominant fungi Malassezia not significantly different subjects, imbalance occurred scalp. As function contributor community, various ASVs (amplicon sequence variants) detected or low abundance subject specific. Some non‐resident from environment such as Leptolyngbya ANT.L52.2 Pseudomonas enhanced occupied important ecological niche. severity of was alleviated when these coverage reduced diminished. Conclusions Our findings raise (1) ratio (2) bacteria scalp, potential solutions ease itch.

Language: Английский

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Functional foods for hair loss and alopecia

Elsevier eBooks, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 373 - 396

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Sexual Dysfunction in Alopecia Areata: A Systematic Review

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(8), P. 2602 - 2602

Published: April 10, 2025

Background: Alopecia areata (AA) contributes to clinically significant suffering, and impaired social functioning. Among AA patients, there is a clear impact of the disease on their sense attractiveness desirability as sexual partners. This review explores development disorders among highlighting importance in clinical diagnosis comorbid health with hair loss. Methods: A systematic was conducted by searching electronic databases, including MEDLINE Google Scholar, without date limitations, according PRISMA guidelines. Key search terms included “sexuality” or “sexual health” dysfunction” disorder” AND “alopecia areata”. Data synthesis findings from eight relevant studies. Results: Hair loss course has negative sphere, significantly reducing quality life patients Proper functioning an integral part every person, so special attention should be paid possibility developing dysfunction AA. Conclusions: Small sample sizes heterogeneous populations make it difficult draw firm conclusions. Continued research standardized criteria for SD appropriately large cohorts will essential fully establish psychosexual patients.

Language: Английский

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Optimisation of cutaneous microbiota sampling methodology

Frontiers in Microbiomes, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 4

Published: April 22, 2025

Introduction The cutaneous microbiome plays an essential role in guarding against invasive pathogens and maintaining healthy skin homeostasis. Several studies have demonstrated the importance of a through its alteration several diseases. Differing characteristics across body (temperature, pH, humidity) create distinct ecological niches inhabited by diverse microbial communities. study microbiota is further complicated numerous variables at all stages investigation, including design, sampling method, sample storage, processing, sequencing, data analysis. Utilisation standardised approaches critical for reproducibility comparison between studies. However, there notable lack standardisation methodologies literature. Studies employed differing strategies conditions which may affect characterisation. Methods Antecubital fossa was sampled from sixteen individuals using sterile dry cotton swabs or eSwabs. Sterile phosphate buffered saline, 0.9% saline were used as moistening solutions. Samples then either stored room temperature 30 minutes -80°C least 24 hours before processing. Cutaneous identified 16S sequencing. Results Comparative analysis determined whether type swab (cotton/eSwab), solution (saline solution/phosphate saline), duration swabbing (30 sec/1 min), storage (room temperature/-80°C) identification Comparison total DNA yield extracted different showed that while solution, swabbing, did not amount, eSwabs yielded higher biomass. Discussion Sampling are success investigated this influence profiling allowing consistent microbiota. clustering affected more individual subject than investigated, suggesting recognizing inter-individual variability important factor real-life

Language: Английский

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Unlocking the Secrets of the Hair Microbiome: From Scalp Health to Therapeutic Advances

The Microbe, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100353 - 100353

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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