Nutrition in chronic inflammatory conditions: Bypassing the mucosal block for micronutrients

Allergy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 79(2), P. 353 - 383

Published: Dec. 12, 2023

Abstract Nutritional Immunity is one of the most ancient innate immune responses, during which body can restrict nutrients availability to pathogens and restricts their uptake by gut mucosa (mucosal block). Though this be a beneficial strategy infection, it also associated with non‐communicable diseases—where pathogen missing; leading increased morbidity mortality as micronutritional distribution in hindered. Here, we discuss acute response respect nutrients, opposing nutritional demands regulatory inflammatory cells particularly focus on some linked inflammation such iron, vitamins A, Bs, C, other antioxidants. We propose that while absorption certain micronutrients hindered inflammation, dietary lymph path remains available. As such, several clinical trials investigated role lymphatic system protein absorption, following ketogenic diet an intake antioxidants, vitamins, minerals, reducing ameliorating disease.

Language: Английский

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Potential for New Therapeutic Approaches by Targeting Lactate and pH Mediated Epigenetic Dysregulation in Major Mental Diseases

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(2), P. 457 - 457

Published: Feb. 18, 2024

Multiple lines of evidence have shown that lactate-mediated pH alterations in the brains patients with neuropsychiatric diseases such as schizophrenia (SCZ), Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and autism may be attributed to mitochondrial dysfunction changes energy metabolism. While neuronal activity is associated reduction brain pH, astrocytes are responsible for rebalancing maintain equilibrium. As lactate level main determinant activities impacted by due binding protons (H+) various types proteins, altering their structure function non-neuronal cells brain. Lactate could affect diverse epigenetic modifications, including histone lactylation, which linked acetylation DNA methylation. In this review, we discuss importance homeostasis normal function, role an essential regulatory molecule its contributions abnormalities diseases, shed light on lactate-based pH-modulating therapies targeting modifications. conclusion, attempt highlight potentials challenges translating lactate-pH-modulating clinics treatment diseases.

Language: Английский

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From Crypts to Cancer: A Holistic Perspective on Colorectal Carcinogenesis and Therapeutic Strategies

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(17), P. 9463 - 9463

Published: Aug. 30, 2024

Colorectal cancer (CRC) represents a significant global health burden, with high incidence and mortality rates worldwide. Recent progress in research highlights the distinct clinical molecular characteristics of colon versus rectal cancers, underscoring tumor location's importance treatment approaches. This article provides comprehensive review our current understanding CRC epidemiology, risk factors, pathogenesis, management strategies. We also present intricate cellular architecture colonic crypts their roles intestinal homeostasis. carcinogenesis multistep processes are described, covering conventional adenoma-carcinoma sequence, alternative serrated pathways, influential Vogelstein model, which proposes sequential

Language: Английский

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Epigenetics in evolution and adaptation to environmental challenges: pathways for disease prevention and treatment

Epigenomics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 17

Published: Feb. 13, 2025

Adaptation to challenging environmental conditions is crucial for the survival/fitness of all organisms. Alongside genetic mutations that provide adaptive potential during challenges, epigenetic modifications offer dynamic, reversible, and rapid mechanisms regulating gene expression in response changes both evolution daily life, without altering DNA sequences or relying on accidental favorable mutations. The widespread conservation diverse – like methylation, histone modifications, RNA interference across species, including plants underscores their significance evolutionary biology. Remarkably, environmentally induced alterations are passed daughter cells inherited transgenerationally through germline cells, shaping offspring phenotypes while preserving memory. Throughout anthropoid evolution, have played roles in: i) suppressing transposable elements viral genomes intruding into host genome; ii) inactivating one X chromosomes female balance dosage; iii) imprinting ensure from parental allele; iv) functional alleles compensate dysfunctional ones; v) modulating epigenome transcriptome influence gut microbiome among other functions. Understanding interplay between factors processes may valuable insights developmental plasticity, dynamics, disease susceptibility.

Language: Английский

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IUPHAR Review: Eating Disorders, Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis and Epigenetic Aberrations

Pharmacological Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 213, P. 107653 - 107653

Published: Feb. 17, 2025

Eating disorders (EDs) are a heterogeneous class of increasing mental that characterized by disturbances in eating behaviors, body weight regulation, and associated psychological dysfunctions. These create physiological imbalances alter the diversity composition gut microbiota. While evidence suggests EDs can arise from epigenetic aberrations, alterations microbial communities may also contribute to development and/or persistence through mechanisms. Understanding interplay among communities, processes, risk provides opportunities for designing preventive therapeutic interventions microbiome modulation. This review highlights how microbiome-based therapeutics specific dietary improving various subtypes modulating mitigating aberrations. First, we briefly literature on links between aberrations pathophysiology EDs. Second, examine potential role pathogenesis Next, explore associations other psychiatric disorders, roles their pathogenesis. Finally, present supporting improve modifications.

Language: Английский

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Epigenetic regulation of stress

Progress in brain research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Psychiatric Genetics in Clinical Practice: Essential Knowledge for Mental Health Professionals

American Journal of Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 26, 2025

The authors provide recommendations on incorporating recent advances in psychiatric genetics into clinical practice for mental health clinicians. International Society Psychiatric Genetics Education Committee met monthly to come a consensus priority topics genetics. Topics were then assigned small teams of subspecialty experts summarize the current knowledge base and create an illustrative case. included, familial aggregation, common rare genetic variants, epigenetics, gene-environment interactions, pharmacogenomics, counseling, ethical social implications. Each section was reviewed revised by all committee members finalized Chair. Key findings highlight importance understanding architecture disorders, potential applications information risk assessment, diagnosis, treatment selection, patient education, as well considerations surrounding use data. emphasizes need nuanced approach that integrates factors with environmental experiential holistic model care. As continues evolve rapidly, clinicians must stay informed about latest their Ongoing collaboration professionals, effective communication strategies are crucial harness power while avoiding pitfalls such determinism stigma. recommends balanced perspective recognizes complex interplay non-genetic shaping outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Arbovirus Infections and Epigenetic Mechanisms; a Potential Therapeutic Target

Reviews in Medical Virology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 35(3)

Published: March 28, 2025

ABSTRACT Arboviruses are a group of arthropod‐borne viral pathogens that pose significant threat to the public health system. The clinical manifestations associated with these viruses range from self‐limiting infections life‐threatening disorders. As systemic infections, arboviruses can affect various parts human organ systems, such as nervous In system, epigenetic mechanisms involved in including adult neurogenesis, neuronal‐glial differentiation, regulation neural behaviour and plasticity, well other brain functions memory, cognition. Hence, deregulation is key factor aetiology different neurological disorders highlights importance studying underlying risk factors introduce effective therapeutic approaches. There mounting evidence system take advantage modulate processes regulate their life cycles. This phenomenon may leading neurotropic arboviral infection‐associated it important understand reciprocal interplays between better control present review provides an overview interactions during infections. It uniquely focuses on interplay modifications neurotropism, shedding light potential strategies have not been comprehensively addressed before. Targeting virus‐induced alterations, miRNA regulation, could lead novel antiviral therapies aimed at mitigating neuroinflammation disease severity.

Language: Английский

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The connection between epigenetics and gut microbiota‐current perspective

Cell Biochemistry and Function, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 42(2)

Published: Jan. 30, 2024

Abstract Both the epigenetic changes and gut microbiota (GM) have attracted a growing interest in establishing effective diagnostics potential therapeutic strategies for number of diseases. These disorders include metabolic, central nervous system‐related diseases, autoimmune, gastrointestinal infections (GI). Despite studies, there is no extensive review that connects epigenetics modifications GM as biomarkers could confer treatment options. To this end, hopes to give detailed information on connecting GM. An updated connection between factors influence diseases are given. In addition, showed some associations maternal offspring health. Finally, limitations concept prospects into new emerging discipline were also looked into. Although elucidated diet response health with respect modifications, still exist various newly discipline. addition integrating complementary multi‐omics data, longitudinal sampling will aid identification functional mechanisms may serve targets. gave perspective harnessing disease diagnostics, prevention options through

Language: Английский

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Epigenome Defines Aberrant Brain Laterality in Major Mental Illnesses

Brain Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 261 - 261

Published: March 7, 2024

Brain-hemisphere asymmetry/laterality is a well-conserved biological feature of normal brain development. Several lines evidence, confirmed by the meta-analysis different studies, support disruption laterality in mental illnesses such as schizophrenia (SCZ), bipolar disorder (BD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity (ADHD), obsessive compulsive (OCD), and autism. Furthermore, abnormal lateralization planum temporale (a critical structure auditory language processing) has been reported patients with SCZ, it considered major cause for onset verbal hallucinations. Interestingly, peripheral counterparts illness, particularly have also shown several structures human body. For instance, fingerprints SCZ exhibit aberrant asymmetry, while their hair whorl rotation random, 95% general population clockwise rotation. In this work, we present comprehensive literature review disturbances BD, ADHD, OCD, followed systematic epigenetic factors that may be involved health disorders. We will conclude discussion on whether existing non-pharmacological therapies rTMS ECT used to influence altered functional asymmetry right left hemispheres brain, along corresponding gene-expression patterns.

Language: Английский

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