Comparative chloroplast genomes and phylogenetic analyses shed new insights on the phyloevolution of different ploidy in Camellia reticulata

BMC Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: March 12, 2025

Camellia reticulata Lindl. (C. reticulata) is the tallest ornamental camellia globally, with wild populations comprising a polyploid complex of diploids (2×), tetraploids (4×), and hexaploids (6×). The type specimen C. heteroploid hexaploid derived from 2 × ancestors, including pitardii, saluenensis, reticulata. Currently, limited information exists regarding evolutionary characteristics chloroplast genomes at different ploidy levels, phylogenetic position 4 remains unclear. This study sequenced, assembled, annotated reticulata, comparing them those 6 other closely related species. results indicated that genome sizes ranged 156,519 to 156,927 bp, gene counts, distributions, GC content, codon usage being similar across levels. ycf1 exhibited significant differentiation among species, was identified as candidate for adaptive evolution in Additionally, 11 highly differentiated intergenic regions were identified, six hotspots variation can serve molecular markers genetic studies populations. Analysis selection pressure four genes under positive selection. Phylogenetic analysis revealed along mairei, formed well-supported clade. distances between its three ancestors relatively small. mairei may have participated allopolyploidization both potential independent classification. These findings provide valuable insights into alterations following allopolyploidization, establishing crucial foundation understanding systematic history various levels

Language: Английский

Diploid Ancestor Tracing of Allopolyploid Cultivars in Camellia reticulata Based on ITS and RPB2 Sequences

Horticulturae, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(1), P. 85 - 85

Published: Jan. 14, 2025

Camellia reticulata is a well-known ornamental species with type specimen that an allohexaploid, possibly descended from diploid ancestors like C. saluenensis, pitardii, and reticulata. With over 1500 years of cultivation, heritage cultivars show varied ploidy levels, including hexaploid, octoploid, decaploid forms, though their are still unidentified. This study aims to trace these by cloning sequencing ITS 25 taxa RPB2 21 across various levels its traditional related species, combined fruit morphology data. Analyses the sequences suggest may include reticulata, while excluding mairei polyodonta. Morphological analysis showed has significantly larger weight, diameter, pericarp thickness compared both tetraploid hexaploid Since allopolyploids often classified as distinct taxa, we be recognized new variety closely aligned pitardii. offers key insights into origin, evolution, breeding

Language: Английский