Healthcare-Associated Infections: The Role of Microbial and Environmental Factors in Infection Control—A Narrative Review

Infectious Diseases and Therapy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 10, 2025

Language: Английский

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Unveiling the microbial orchestra: exploring the role of microbiota in cancer development and treatment

Discover Oncology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: April 30, 2025

The human microbiota comprises a diverse microbial ecosystem that significantly impacts health and disease. Among its components, the gut plays crucial role in regulating metabolic, immunologic, inflammatory responses. Dysbiosis, an imbalance composition, has been linked to carcinogenesis through mechanisms such as chronic inflammation, metabolic disturbances, epigenetic modifications, immune system dysregulation. Additionally, dysbiosis influences efficacy toxicity of cancer therapies. Given these associations, there is growing interest leveraging biomarker for detection outcome prediction. Notably, distinct signatures have identified across various types, suggesting their potential diagnostic markers. Furthermore, modulation presents promising avenue improving treatment outcomes strategies antibiotics, prebiotics, probiotics, fecal transplantation, dietary interventions, small-molecule inhibitors, phage therapy. To explore relationships, we conducted comprehensive literature review using Web Science, Scopus, PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Google Scholar our primary online databases, focusing on indexed peer-reviewed articles up present year. This aims elucidate development, examine molecular involved, assess impact highlight microbiota-based therapeutic discuss applications management. A deeper understanding intricate interplay between may pave way novel approaches prevention, early detection, optimization.

Language: Английский

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Bacteriophage-Based Therapies in Oral Cancer: A New Frontier in Oncology

Cancer Pathogenesis and Therapy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Bacteriophage Indie resensitizes multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii to antibiotics in vitro

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: April 4, 2025

Antimicrobial resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii poses a significant global health challenge. Phage therapy, particularly through phage-antibiotic synergy (PAS), offers promising strategy to combat this pathogen. This study demonstrated PAS, where the combination of phage Indie and ceftazidime achieved bacterial reduction more than 85% A. strain AbAK03 at 17 h using low doses. Notably, overcame observed 4 when was used alone, extending eradication by 13 h. Furthermore, restored susceptibility ceftazidime, supporting its role improving interventional treatments against multidrug-resistant baumannii. To explore interaction, isolated characterized from clinical strains. An vitro PAS experiment performed piperacillin-tazobactam. The with consistently showed superior bactericidal effects compared either agent while piperacillin-tazobactam exhibited an antagonistic effect. These findings provide clear evidence application combinations as effective intervention lay groundwork for future vivo trials mouse model antimicrobial resistance.

Language: Английский

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Rational computational design and development of an immunogenic multiepitope vaccine incorporating transmembrane proteins of Fusobacterium necrophorum

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: May 4, 2025

Fusobacterium necrophorum is a Gram-negative, anaerobic pathogen responsible for Lemierre's syndrome, bovine foot rot, and other necrotizing infections. The rise in antimicrobial resistance the absence of effective vaccines underscore need alternative therapeutic strategies. This study employs computational biology to design multi-epitope vaccine targeting transmembrane proteins F. elicit strong immune responses. selected were evaluated toxicity, allergenicity, antigenicity, followed by epitope prediction screening. B T cell epitopes linked using immunogenic linkers, forming construct with VaxiJen score 0.7293 solubility 8.30 E. coli. Structural validation TrRosetta Ramachandran plots confirmed 97.4% residues favored regions, indicating high stability. Population coverage analysis indicated over 99% global applicability, further enhancing its potential impact. Docking studies revealed interactions receptors TLR7 TLR8. formed 12 hydrogen bonds, while TLR8(A) 9, TLR8(B) exhibited highest interaction, 13 bonds construct. Molecular dynamics simulations structural stability receptor engagement. RMSD stabilized around 4-5 Å, Vaccine-TLR8(B) complex. Radius Gyration remained 36 showing slight compaction time, RMSF peaked at 8-9 Å flexible lower fluctuations (1.5-2.5 Å) stable core regions. Principal component (PCA) identified elastic regions critical biological activity, energy levels (-5000 kJ/mol) reliability binding. Moreover, expression coli, as demonstrated SnapGene software pET-29a( +) vector. binding affinities predicted activation both humoral cellular responses, including increased IgM, IgG, cytokine levels. However, experimental necessary confirm safety efficacy, challenges manufacturing variable responses across populations must also be addressed.

Language: Английский

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Regulierung von Phagenarzneimitteln: Entwicklungen, Herausforderungen und Chancen

Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 5, 2025

Zusammenfassung Bakteriophagen stellen aufgrund ihrer biologischen Eigenschaften regulatorisch eine Besonderheit und gleichzeitig Herausforderung für die Arzneimittelzulassung dar. Etablierte europäische Leitlinien zur pharmazeutischen Qualität, Präklinik Klinik greifen nur bedingt. Die steigende Bedrohung durch Infektionen mit multiresistenten Erregern hat nicht der Entwicklung von Behandlung bakteriellen in den letzten Jahren einen großen Schub verliehen, sondern auch zu größeren Fortschritten bei Anpassung regulatorischer Anforderungen geführt. In diesem Übersichtsartikel werden diese Entwicklungen aktuelle Stand regulatorischen an Phagenarzneimittel dargestellt. Im Jahr 2024 wurden erstmals harmonisierte Qualitätskriterien -wirkstoffe im europäischen Arzneibuch implementiert. Sowohl zukünftige Pharmagesetzgebung als das nationale Medizinforschungsgesetz sollen Ausnahmeregelungen ermöglichen, Besonderheiten Phagentherapeutika Rechnung tragen neue regulatorische Gestaltungsräume öffnen. Es zunehmend klinische Daten Anwendung publiziert, allerdings ohne dass bisher erhoffte Durchbruch Form eines Wirksamkeitsnachweises über randomisierte kontrollierte Studien erzielt konnte. wachsende Erfahrung innovativen Phagenpräparaten konnte genutzt werden, um Anpassungen vorzunehmen. Auf dem Weg Zulassung definierten Phagenarzneimittels ist evidenzbasierte Nachweis Wirksamkeit Sicherheit randomisierten kontrollierten klinischen nächste entscheidende Schritt.

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