Impact of Microplastics and Nanoplastics on Human Health

Nanomaterials, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(2), P. 496 - 496

Published: Feb. 16, 2021

Plastics have enormous impacts to every aspect of daily life including technology, medicine and treatments, domestic appliances. Most the used plastics are thrown away by consumers after a single use, which has become huge environmental problem as they will end up in landfill, oceans other waterways. These discarded vast numbers each day, breaking down from micro- nano-sizes led worries about how toxic these environment humans. While, there several earlier studies reported effects nano-plastics on environment, is scant research into their impact human body at subcellular or molecular levels. In particular, potential move through gut, lungs skin epithelia causing systemic exposure not been examined thoroughly. This review explores thoroughly nanoplastics created, behave/breakdown within levels toxicity pollution nanoplastics, possible health humans, well suggestions for additional research. paper aims inspire future core elements nano-plastics, biological reactions caused specific unusual qualities.

Language: Английский

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Effect of microplastics in water and aquatic systems

Environmental Science and Pollution Research, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 28(16), P. 19544 - 19562

Published: March 2, 2021

Language: Английский

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Microplastics and associated contaminants in the aquatic environment: A review on their ecotoxicological effects, trophic transfer, and potential impacts to human health

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 405, P. 124187 - 124187

Published: Oct. 15, 2020

Language: Английский

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Potential human health risks due to environmental exposure to nano- and microplastics and knowledge gaps: A scoping review

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 757, P. 143872 - 143872

Published: Dec. 3, 2020

Language: Английский

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Detection of microplastics in human colectomy specimens

JGH Open, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 5(1), P. 116 - 121

Published: Nov. 21, 2020

While dietary exposure to microplastics is increasingly recognized, it unknown if ingested plastics remain within the digestive tract. We aimed examine human colectomy specimens for and report characteristics as well polymer composition of particles.Colectomy samples were obtained from 11 adults (mean age 45.7, six males) who residents Northeastern Peninsular Malaysia. Microplastics identified following chemical digestion subsequent filtration. The then examined (abundance, length, shape, color) three common types using stereo- Fourier Transform InfraRed (FTIR) microscopes.Microplastics detected in all with an average 331 particles/individual specimen or 28.1 ± 15.4 particles/g tissue. Filaments fibers accounted 96.1% particles, 73.1% filaments transparent. Out 40 random 10 (one had indeterminate spectra patterns), 90% polycarbonate, 50% polyamide, 40% polypropylene.Our study suggests that are ubiquitously present colon.

Language: Английский

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Microplastics detected in cirrhotic liver tissue

EBioMedicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 82, P. 104147 - 104147

Published: July 11, 2022

The contamination of ecosystem compartments by microplastics (MPs) is an ubiquitous problem. MPs have been observed in mice tissues, and recently human blood, stool placenta. However, two aspects remain unclear: whether accumulate peripheral organs, specifically the liver, if liver cirrhosis favours this process. We aimed to examine tissue samples determine liver.This proof-of-concept case series, conducted Germany, Europe, analyzed 6 patients with 5 individuals without underlying disease. A total 17 (11 3 kidney spleen samples) were according final protocol. reliable method for detection MP particles from 4 30 µm was developed. Chemical digestion samples, staining Nile red, subsequent fluorescent microscopy Raman spectroscopy performed. Morphology, size composition polymers assessed.Considering limit detection, all disease tested negative MPs. In contrast, concentrations cirrhotic tissues positive showed significantly higher compared Six different microplastic ranging detected.This series assessed presence found six cirrhosis, but not those Future studies are needed evaluate hepatic accumulation represents a potential cause pathogenesis fibrosis, or consequence portal hypertension.No funding received conducting investigator driven study.

Language: Английский

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Microplastic sources, formation, toxicity and remediation: a review

Environmental Chemistry Letters, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(4), P. 2129 - 2169

Published: April 4, 2023

Abstract Microplastic pollution is becoming a major issue for human health due to the recent discovery of microplastics in most ecosystems. Here, we review sources, formation, occurrence, toxicity and remediation methods microplastics. We distinguish ocean-based land-based sources Microplastics have been found biological samples such as faeces, sputum, saliva, blood placenta. Cancer, intestinal, pulmonary, cardiovascular, infectious inflammatory diseases are induced or mediated by exposure during pregnancy maternal period also discussed. Remediation include coagulation, membrane bioreactors, sand filtration, adsorption, photocatalytic degradation, electrocoagulation magnetic separation. Control strategies comprise reducing plastic usage, behavioural change, using biodegradable plastics. Global production has risen dramatically over past 70 years reach 359 million tonnes. China world's top producer, contributing 17.5% global production, while Turkey generates waste Mediterranean region, at 144 tonnes per day. 75% marine waste, with responsible 80–90% pollution, account only 10–20%. induce toxic effects on humans animals, cytotoxicity, immune response, oxidative stress, barrier attributes, genotoxicity, even minimal dosages 10 μg/mL. Ingestion animals results alterations gastrointestinal tract physiology, system depression, differential gene expression, growth inhibition. Furthermore, bioaccumulation tissues aquatic organisms can adverse ecosystem, potential transmission birds. Changing individual behaviours governmental actions, implementing bans, taxes, pricing carrier bags, significantly reduced consumption 8–85% various countries worldwide. The microplastic minimisation approach follows an upside-down pyramid, starting prevention, followed reducing, reusing, recycling, recovering, ending disposal least preferable option.

Language: Английский

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Microplastics in human food chains: Food becoming a threat to health safety

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 858, P. 159834 - 159834

Published: Oct. 28, 2022

Language: Английский

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Micro- and nanoplastic induced cellular toxicity in mammals: A review

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 755, P. 142518 - 142518

Published: Sept. 25, 2020

Language: Английский

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A Review of Human Exposure to Microplastics and Insights Into Microplastics as Obesogens

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Aug. 18, 2021

The ubiquitous exposure of humans to microplastics (MPs) through inhalation particles in air and ingestion dust, water, diet is well established. Humans are estimated ingest tens thousands millions MP annually, or on the order several milligrams daily. Available information suggests that indoor drinking water bottled plastic major sources exposure. Little known occurrence MPs human diet. Evidence accumulating feeding bottles medical devices can contribute newborns infants. Biomonitoring studies stool, fetus, placenta provide direct evidence infants children. <20 µm were reported cross biological membranes. Although plastics once perceived as inert materials, laboratory animals linked various forms inflammation, immunological response, endocrine disruption, alteration lipid energy metabolism, other disorders. Whereas itself a concern, also be additives toxicants. Exposure cell lines such phthalates, bisphenols, organotins causes adverse effects activation nuclear receptors, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) α, β, γ, retinoid X receptor (RXR), leading oxidative stress, cytotoxicity, immunotoxicity, thyroid hormone altered adipogenesis production. size, shape, chemical composition, surface charge, hydrophobicity influence their toxicity. Maternal transfer developing fetus has been demonstrated exposed analysis placenta. In animal studies, maternal metabolism offspring subsequent generations. Moreover, concomitant with global increase production, prevalence overweight obesity populations increased over past five decades, there support hypothesis potential obesogens. Even though exposures toxic from systematic this topic remain urgently needed.

Language: Английский

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