Propolis, Bee Honey, and Their Components Protect against Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Review of In Silico, In Vitro, and Clinical Studies

Molecules, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 26(5), P. 1232 - 1232

Published: Feb. 25, 2021

Despite the virulence and high fatality of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), no specific antiviral treatment exists until current moment. Natural agents with immune-promoting potentials such as bee products are being explored possible treatments. Bee honey propolis rich in bioactive compounds that express strong antimicrobial, bactericidal, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antioxidant activities. This review examined literature for anti-COVID-19 effects propolis, aim optimizing use these handy prophylactic or adjuvant treatments people infected severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Molecular simulations show flavonoids (e.g., rutin, naringin, caffeic acid phenyl ester, luteolin, artepillin C) may inhibit viral spike fusion host cells, viral-host interactions trigger cytokine storm, replication. Similar to potent drug remdesivir, ethanolic extract, liposomes inhibited non-structural proteins SARS-CoV-2 vitro, along naringin infection Vero E6 cells. Propolis extracts delivered by nanocarriers exhibit better against than extracts. In line, hospitalized COVID-19 patients receiving green Brazilian a combination Nigella sativa exhibited earlier clearance, symptom recovery, discharge from hospital well less mortality counterparts standard care alone. Thus, an produce beneficial effects. Implications outcomes issues be considered future studies discussed.

Language: Английский

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The Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21: Development and Validation of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 8-Item in Psychiatric Patients and the General Public for Easier Mental Health Measurement in a Post COVID-19 World

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 18(19), P. 10142 - 10142

Published: Sept. 27, 2021

Despite extensive investigations of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21) since its development in 1995, factor structure and other psychometric properties still need to be firmly established, with several calls for revising item structure. Employing confirmatory analysis (CFA), this study examined DASS-21 five shortened versions among psychiatric patients (N = 168) general public 992) during COVID-19 confinement period Saudi Arabia. Multigroup CFA, Mann Whitney W test, Spearman’s correlation, coefficient alpha were used examine (DASS-13, DASS-12, DASS-9 (two versions), DASS-8) invariance across age gender groups, discriminant validity, predictive coverage, internal consistency, respectively. Compared DASS-21, all three-factor structures expressed good fit, DASS-8 demonstrating best fit highest loadings on corresponding factors both samples (χ2(16, 15) 16.5, 67.0; p 0.420, 0.001; CFI 1.000, 0.998; TLI 0.999, 0.997; RMSEA 0.013, 0.059, SRMR 0.0186, 0.0203). The configural, metric, scalar groups. Its consistency was comparable (α 0.94). Strong positive correlations subscales (r 0.97 0.81) suggest adequate coverage validity version. distinguished clinical sample from at same level significance by versions, supporting validity. Neither nor diagnosed depression anxiety each or conditions. represents a valid short version which may useful research practice quick identification individuals potential psychopathologies. Diagnosing depression/anxiety disorders further confirmed next step clinician-facilitated examinations. Brevity would save time effort filling questionnaire support comprehensive assessments allowing inclusion more measures test batteries.

Language: Английский

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Skeletal Muscle Damage in COVID-19: A Call for Action

Medicina, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 57(4), P. 372 - 372

Published: April 12, 2021

Both laboratory investigations and body composition quantification measures (e.g., computed tomography, CT) portray muscle loss in symptomatic Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. Muscle is associated with a poor prognosis of the disease. The exact mechanism damage COVID-19 patients, as well long-term consequences injury survivors, are unclear. current review briefly summarizes literature for mechanisms, assessment measures, interventions relevant to skeletal insult likely be attributed cytokine storm, severity, malnutrition, prolonged physical inactivity during intensive care unit (ICU) stays, mechanical ventilation, myotoxic drugs dexamethasone). It has been assessed by imaging non-imaging techniques CT electromyography), performance tests six-minute walk test), anthropometric calf circumference), biomarkers dystrophy creatine kinase). Interventions directed toward minimizing among patients lacking. However, limited evidence shows that respiratory rehabilitation improves function, strength, quality life, anxiety symptoms recovering older Neuromuscular electrical stimulation may restore condition ICU-admitted albeit empirical needed. Given contribution malnutrition severity damage, providing proper nutritional management emaciated one key issues achieve better prevent after-effects Considerable attention longer-term necessary.

Language: Английский

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Prognostic Nutritional Index, Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) Score, and Inflammatory Biomarkers as Predictors of Deep Vein Thrombosis, Acute Pulmonary Embolism, and Mortality in COVID-19 Patients

Diagnostics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(11), P. 2757 - 2757

Published: Nov. 11, 2022

Background: Numerous tools, including nutritional and inflammatory markers, have been evaluated as the predictors of poor outcomes in COVID-19 patients. This study aims to verify predictive role prognostic index (PNI), CONUT Score, markers (monocyte lymphocyte ratio (MLR), neutrophil (NLR), platelet (PLR), systemic (SII), Systemic Inflammation Response Index (SIRI), Aggregate (AISI)) cases deep vein thrombosis (DVT) acute pulmonary embolism (APE) risk, well mortality, Methods: The present was designed an observational, analytical, retrospective cohort study, included 899 patients over age 18 who had a infection, confirmed through real time-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), were admitted County Emergency Clinical Hospital Modular Intensive Care Unit UMFST “George Emil Palade” Targu Mures, Romania between January 2020 March 20212. Results: Non-Surviving associated with higher incidence chronic kidney disease (p = 0.01), cardiovascular (atrial fibrillation (AF) p 0.01; myocardial infarction (MI) 0.02; peripheral arterial (PAD) 0.0003), malignancy 0.0001), tobacco obesity dyslipidemia 0.004), malnutrition < 0.0001). Multivariate analysis showed that both high baseline value all independent adverse for enrolled (for presence PAD, malignancy, tobacco, also outcomes. Conclusions: According our findings, MLR, NLR, PLR, SII, SIRI, AISI, lower PNI values at admission strongly predict DVT APE mortality Moreover, predicted outcomes, while CKD predicts risk but not risk.

Language: Английский

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COVID-19-Related Psychological Trauma and Psychological Distress Among Community-Dwelling Psychiatric Patients: People Struck by Depression and Sleep Disorders Endure the Greatest Burden

Frontiers in Public Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Jan. 7, 2022

COVID-19 has created a general state of worry and distress, especially among vulnerable groups such as those with psychiatric diagnoses. Worldwide, care provision drastically suffered during the pandemic, many patients unable to access proper care, which may have implications for increased mental health consequences in disorders (e.g., relapse suicide). This cross-sectional study used structural equation modeling investigate COVID-19-related trauma distress Arab population quarantine. Patients pre-existing (N = 168) completed an online survey that comprised Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21 (DASS-21), Impact Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), questionnaire on attitudes/perceptions, sources information, protective measures, socio-demographic information. Respondents commonly reported feeling down-hearted/blue, trouble concentrating, along symptoms avoidance rumination related pandemic. depression sleep expressed higher than other disorders. Perceived physical mediated effect co-morbid chronic trauma, psychological perceived vulnerability COVID-19, likelihood recovery case contracting COVID-19. were strong direct predictors distress. Staying at home negatively predicted exerted indirect negative via trauma. age, marital status directly being strongest predictor. Educational level, income, having family members working medical field, keeping up date news deaths/infected cases or development drugs vaccines, satisfaction available information using different measures not associated significant differences scores. Immuno-psychiatric interventions should be designed target COVID-19-trauma younger single poor health, diagnosed

Language: Английский

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Family Communication as a Mediator between Family Resilience and Family Functioning under the Quarantine and COVID-19 Pandemic in Arabic Countries

Children, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10(11), P. 1742 - 1742

Published: Oct. 27, 2023

The coronavirus pandemic has become an unprecedented world crisis in which we have struggled against the most potent threat of twenty-first century. This had a profound impact on individuals and families. Therefore, study aimed to examine family communication as mediator relationship between resilience functioning under quarantine Algeria Iraq. was conducted among Iraq (N = 361). respondents completed Family Communication Scale (FCS), Walsh Resilience Questionnaire (WFRQ), Functioning (FFS). Structural equation modeling (SEM) with bootstrapping method used conduct mediated effects communication. Using SEM, significantly affected (coefficient 0.808). Moreover, direct effect indirect (via functioning) were both significant, coefficients 0.682 0.126. In addition, numerous groups from been analyzed sample shown no differences relationships resilience, communication, functioning. conclusion, results showed that type this mediation seemed be partial because significant According findings, healthcare providers should consider improving achieve good

Language: Английский

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Screening for Sarcopenia (Physical Frailty) in the COVID-19 Era

International Journal of Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 2021, P. 1 - 16

Published: May 21, 2021

Although the numbers of aged populations have risen considerably in last few decades, current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has revealed an extensive vulnerability among these populations. Sarcopenia is age-related disorder that increases hospitalization, dependencies, and mortality older adults. It starts to develop midlife or even earlier as a result unbalanced diet/poor nutrition low levels physical activity, addition chronic disorders such obesity diabetes mellitus. Given social isolation adopted most protective measure against COVID-19, level activity intake adequate diet declined, especially adults—denoting increased possibility for developing sarcopenia. Research also shows higher sarcopenic people COVID-19 well development wasting sarcopenia cachexia considerable proportion symptomatic recovering patients. Muscular associated with poor prognosis. Accordingly, early detection proper management conditions adults patients may minimize morbidity during crisis. This review explored different aspects screening sarcopenia, stressing their relevance altered muscular structure performance COVID-19. Current guidelines recommend prior evaluation muscle strength by simple measures grip identify individuals proven weakness who then would be screened mass loss. The latter best measured MRI CT. However, due high cost radiation risk entailed techniques, other simpler cheaper techniques DXA ultrasound are given preference. Muscle loss was acute phase CT scanning pectoralis simultaneously routine check lung fibrosis, which seems efficient those no additional cost. In patients, been evaluated electromyography traditional tests six-minute walk test. Effective preventive therapeutic interventions necessary order prevent decline

Language: Английский

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Hypoproteinemia predicts disease severity and mortality in COVID-19: a call for action

Diagnostic Pathology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: April 13, 2021

Abstract Proteins represent the major building blocks of body tissues, and they regulate signaling involved in most cellular activities. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection has been associated with high fatality, especially among older adults. The main cause death is pulmonary tissue damage multiple organ failure. a hypercatabolic state that entails excessive protein loss. This review commentary sheds light on hypoproteinemia symptomatic/hospitalized COVID-19 special emphasis its pathophysiology, screening, as well contribution to severity adverse effects.

Language: Английский

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Skeletal Muscle in Hypoxia and Inflammation: Insights on the COVID-19 Pandemic

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: April 22, 2022

SARS-CoV-2 infection is often associated with severe inflammation, oxidative stress, hypoxia and impaired physical activity. These factors all together contribute to muscle wasting fatigue. In addition, there evidence of a direct viral infiltration into skeletal muscle. Aging characterized by sarcopenia or sarcopenic obesity conditions are risk for acute COVID-19 long-COVID-19 syndrome. From these observations we may predict strong association between decreased mass functions. While the relationship inactivity, chronic stress dysfunction well-known, effects on COVID-19-related hypoxemia inadequately investigated. The aim this review highlight metabolic, immunity-related redox biomarkers potentially affected reduced oxygen availability and/or fatigue in order shed light negative impact function. Possible countermeasures also reviewed.

Language: Английский

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Effects of Selenium Supplementation on Rumen Microbiota, Rumen Fermentation, and Apparent Nutrient Digestibility of Ruminant Animals: A Review

Fermentation, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 8(1), P. 4 - 4

Published: Dec. 24, 2021

Enzymes excreted by rumen microbiome facilitate the conversion of ingested plant materials into major nutrients (e.g., volatile fatty acids (VFA) and microbial proteins) required for animal growth. Diet, age, health affect structure community. Pathogenic organisms in negatively fermentation processes favor energy loss deprivation feed. Drawing from ban on antibiotic use during last decade, livestock industry has been focused increasing nutrient supply to ruminants through natural supplements that are capable promoting activity beneficial microflora. Selenium (Se) is a trace mineral commonly used as supplement regulate metabolism. However, clear understanding its effects composition not available. This review summarized available literature Se specific microorganisms along with consequences digestibility. Some positive total VFA, molar proportion propionate, acetate propionate ratio, ruminal NH3-N, pH, enzymatic activity, composition, digestibility were recorded. Because nanoparticles (SeNPs) more effective than other forms Se, studies needed compare effectiveness synthetic SeNPs lactic acid bacteria enriched sodium selenite biological source probiotics. Future also need evaluate effect dietary methane emissions.

Language: Английский

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