Assessing Disparities about Overweight and Obesity in Pakistani Youth Using Local and International Standards for Body Mass Index

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(10), P. 2944 - 2944

Published: May 16, 2024

Background/Objectives: Obesity is currently considered a public health problem in both developed and developing countries. Gender- age-specific body mass index (BMI) growth standards or references are particularly effective monitoring the global obesity pandemic. This study aimed to report disparities age-, gender- ethnic-specific statistical estimates of overweight for 2-18 years aged Pakistani children adolescents using World Health Organization (WHO), Center Disease Control (CDC) 2000 references, International Task Force (IOTF) BMI. Methods: The used secondary data 10,668 pediatric population, years. Demographic information like age (years), gender, city anthropometric examinations, i.e., height (cm) weight (kg) were this study. recommended age- gender-specific BMI cut-offs WHO, CDC IOTF classify sampled as obese. For reference, defined BMI-for-age ≥ 85th percentile 95th percentile, respectively. Cohen's κ statistic was assess agreement between international local population classification overweight/obesity. Results: (%) participants varied according reference used: WHO (7.4% 2.2%), (4.9% 2.1%), (5.2% 2.0%) Pakistan (8.8% 6.0%), respectively; suggesting higher levels prevalence when used. Kappa shows moderate excellent (κ 0.6) among three classifying child poor (0.45, 0.52), (0.25, 0.50) (0.16, 0.31), obesity, Conclusions: results showed visible difference excess after applying CDC, population. Based on disparity recommends identifying with obesity.

Language: Английский

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Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity among Primary School Children's in Rural Areas of Pakistan

Journal of Health and Rehabilitation Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 4(2), P. 1294 - 1300

Published: June 11, 2024

Background: Childhood obesity is a growing global epidemic affecting both children and adults. According to the World Health Organization, 43 million under five are overweight worldwide, concern that extends into adulthood with almost 1.5 billion affected individuals. Objective: The aim of this study was assess prevalence overweight, obesity, underweight among primary school in district Swat, Pakistan. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive conducted from August 2023 February 2024, encompassing 707 students selected through multi-cluster sampling. Measurements adhering CDC guidelines were recorded. Data analysis performed using SPSS 22, employing inferential statistics, including chi-square tests for associations independent t-tests ANOVA group differences. Results: cohort comprised predominantly male (88%, 622 students), most common age being 11 years (31.8%, 225 students). Overall, 71.9% (508 students) categorized as healthy, 15.3% (108 8.8% (62 underweight, 4.1% (29 obese. Significant differences observed across gender (p=0.003), (p<0.001), class but not type. Conclusion: highlights significant rural Pakistan, emphasizing urgent need tailored prevention strategies interventions these areas.

Language: Английский

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The Impact of Core Stability Exercises on Weight Loss and Body Composition among Obese Patients

Allied Medical Research Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2(2), P. 131 - 139

Published: June 30, 2024

Background: While the advantages of core stability exercises for overall fitness and injury prevention are well-established, further research is needed to understand their impact on weight reduction body composition in obese population. Hence, present study aims determine effects loss, BMI measures among individuals. Methods: This pre-post intervention design involved adults aged 18-40 years with ≥ 30 kg/m² engaged a supervised exercise program 12 weeks. The sessions occurred thrice weekly, each lasting approximately 40 minutes. Results: After weeks intervention, comparison was performed which revealed significant mean difference (p<0.05) all outcome measures. value reduced 27.53±2.56, 75.25±3.34, BF% 30.14±1.56 WHR 0.85±0.56. Conclusion: found that 12-week significantly decreased weight, BMI, BF%, an group. planned focused nature resulted improved loss. Thus, these regular routines can be effective strategy reducing obesity enhancing health. Keywords: Body Fat, Mass Index, Exercises, Obesity.

Language: Английский

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Understanding childhood obesity in Pakistan: exploring the knowledge, attitudes, practices of mothers, and influential factors. A cross-sectional study

Frontiers in Public Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Nov. 6, 2024

Background Childhood obesity is a significant public health issue with far-reaching implications. The World Health Organization reported that in 2020, around 38 million children under five were overweight or obese globally, and 2016, 340 adolescents aged 5–19 affected. In Pakistan, the situation alarming; 66.9% of school-going Punjab overweight, 5.8% 2022. This study explores mothers’ knowledge, attitudes, practices regarding childhood Pakistan identifies factors contributing to this epidemic. Maternal perspectives are crucial as they significantly influence children’s dietary habits, physical activity, attitudes toward food body image. Methods A cross-sectional was conducted from November 2023 January 2024 at four medical centers: Fazaia Ruth Pfau Medical College Hospitals Karachi, Baqai University Nishtar Multan. included 191 mothers 5 15 years. Data collected using structured questionnaire on sociodemographic characteristics, practices, perceptions obesity. IBM-SPSS version 26.0 used for data analysis, employing statistical tests like Kruskal-Wallis, Mann–Whitney U, Spearman, Kendall Tau correlation examine associations. Results Among mothers, 48.7% had education beyond intermediate, 86.9% housewives. BMI distribution showed 27.7% 21.5% overweight. Mothers moderate knowledge (60.5%) about obesity; 75.4% recognized its long-term risks, 62.8% associated it diabetes. Attitudes generally positive, 78.5% average score. Most (73.8%) believed could be controlled healthy (70.1% score). However, 96.9% witnessing stigmatization children, 79.6% felt pressured by relatives their child’s weight. Conclusion findings indicate while Pakistani have positive obesity, influenced educational socioeconomic factors. Addressing these disparities, enhancing initiatives, mitigating improve management Pakistan.

Language: Английский

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Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors according to Life's Essential 8 in children and adolescents during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta‐analysis including 1 526 173 participants from 42 countries

Pediatric Obesity, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 29, 2024

Summary Introduction Cardiovascular health is a crucial aspect of overall health. The aim this study was to estimate the prevalence cardiovascular risk factors among children and adolescents during COVID‐19 pandemic based on Life's Essential 8 domains. Methods PubMed, Scopus Web Science were systematically searched until 24 February 2023. Studies had meet following criteria: (1) observational studies, (2) studies reporting proportion selected factors, (3) involving or adolescents, (4) that collected data (5) with representative samples. outcomes included diet, physical activity, nicotine exposure, sleep health, obesity, dyslipidaemia, diabetes elevated blood pressure. Results Sixty‐two 1 526 173 participants from 42 countries included. Of these, 41 used in meta‐analyses. pooled behavioural domain as follows: poor quality diet 26.69% (95% CI 0.00%–85.64%), inadequate activity 70.81% 64.41%–76.83%), exposure 9.24% 5.53%–13.77%) disorders 33.49% 25.24%–42.28%). obesity 16.21% 12.71%–20.04%), dyslipidaemia 1.87% 1.73%–2.01%), 1.17% 0.83%–1.58%) pressure 11.87% 0.26%–36.50%). Conclusions These results highlight need for prevention strategies maintain better an early age, particularly by increasing levels, time promoting consumption more fruits vegetables.

Language: Английский

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