Sensitivity of groundwater quality to climate explained variability in the areas of Indus Basin of Pakistan

Water and Environment Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 7, 2025

Abstract Groundwater is a reliable source of freshwater, which strongly affected by climate. So, it imperative to analyse the climate impacts on groundwater quality and quantity sustain this precious resource. This study investigates explained variability (CEV) sensitivity during 2003 2018 in Indus Basin Pakistan. The results indicated that increasing trends both electrical conductivity (EC) sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) values were found at most sites (wells). EC SAR showed poor correlation (negative/positive) with annual temperature, while mixed behaviour was examined precipitation. However, mean CEV for as 115% 28% pre‐monsoon, 38% 19% post‐monsoon, respectively. Moreover, negative 50% positive 53% wells post‐monsoon rise temperature. climatic also spatially varied across area.

Language: Английский

A MCDM-Based Analysis Method of Testability Allocation for Multi-Functional Integrated RF System

Electronics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(18), P. 3618 - 3618

Published: Sept. 12, 2024

The multi-functional integrated RF system (MIRFS) is a crucial component of aircraft onboard systems. In the testability design process, traditional methods cannot effectively deal with inevitable differences between designs and usage requirements. By considering MIRFS’s full lifecycle characteristics, new allocation method based on multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) proposed in this paper. Firstly, framework was constructed more than 100 indicators were given, which included both different system-level inter-system indicators. Secondly, to manage parameter diversity calculate complexity, basic 12 optimized through Analytic Hierarchy Process Technique for Order Preference by Similarity Ideal Solution (AHP-TOPSIS) method. Thirdly, detailed parameters obtained using Decision-Making Trial Evaluation Laboratory Network (DEMATEL-ANP) reduce subjectivity uncertainty. Finally, an example utilized, results show that MCDM significantly better terms accuracy effectiveness, will provide scientific basis MIRFS process.

Language: Английский

Mapping and validation of groundwater potential zone from alluvial plain: a case study of Muzaffarpur, Bihar, India

Geology Ecology and Landscapes, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 16

Published: Nov. 18, 2024

The present research integrates remote sensing (RS), Geographic Information Systems (GIS), and Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) techniques to identify groundwater potential zones (GWPZs) in Muzaffarpur. Various data sets study areas were considered contribute availability. was evaluated, later, the GWPZ map validated. It further categorized into various from 2005 2020. High areas, located gently sloping terrains conducive high infiltration percolation, maintained coverage of about 50% watershed. Poor zones, which represent a small fraction area with limited capacity, showed consistently low proportion over years. highlights impact geological geomorphological factors, particularly Charnockite Gneiss Complex sedimentary rocks Ganges Basin, on potential. Soil types, ranging fine coarse loamy, play significant role recharge. Rainfall slope are crucial factors that influence Higher rainfall flatter slopes enhance recharge, emphasizing importance variables assessment. ROC analysis revealed mixed validation results, showing potential, while others remained poor. underscores need for effective water conservation practices improve

Language: Английский