Fatty Acid Diets: Regulation of Gut Microbiota Composition and Obesity and Its Related Metabolic Dysbiosis

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 21(11), P. 4093 - 4093

Published: June 8, 2020

Long-term high-fat dietary intake plays a crucial role in the composition of gut microbiota animal models and human subjects, which affect directly short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production host health. This review aims to highlight interplay (FA) its interaction with hosts health promotion obesity prevention related metabolic dysbiosis. The abundance Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio, as Actinobacteria Proteobacteria species are associated increased SCFA production, reported diet rich medium-chain acids (MCFAs), monounsaturated (MUFAs), n–3 polyunsaturated (PUFAs) well low-fat diets long-chain (LCFAs). SCFAs play key and, reduction reversion syndromes host. Furthermore, this review, we discussed type their amount, including administration time results about or several dysbioses undergone by hosts.

Language: Английский

---

Gut microbiome lipid metabolism and its impact on host physiology

Cell Host & Microbe, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 31(2), P. 173 - 186

Published: Feb. 1, 2023

Language: Английский

---

Dietary flaxseed oil rich in omega-3 suppresses severity of type 2 diabetes mellitus via anti-inflammation and modulating gut microbiota in rats

Lipids in Health and Disease, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 19(1)

Published: Feb. 7, 2020

Abstract Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is closely associated with hyperglycemia, abnormal lipid profiles, chronic low-grade inflammation and gut dysbiosis. Dietary intervention plays a crucial role in the control of diabetes. Flaxseed oil (FO), plant-derived omega-3 (ω-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), rich α-linolenic acid (ALA) which has been proved to benefit for metabolic disease. However, exact effects dietary FO on T2DM remains largely unclear. Methods In present study, SD rats were randomly allocated into four groups: pair-fed (PF) corn (CO) group (PF/CO); DM CO (DM/CO); PF (PF/FO); (DM/FO). A diabetic rat model was generated by single intraperitoneal injection streptozotocin-nicotinamide (STZ-NA). After 5 weeks intervention, euthanized indications investigated. Results significantly reduced fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated hemoglobin (GHb), lipid, plasma lipopolysaccharide (LPS), interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-6, IL-17A malondialdehyde (MDA), compared group, respectively. Moreover, body mass (BM) superoxide dismutase (SOD) DM/FO dramatically increased respectively, those DM/CO group. But insulin (INS) homeostasis assessment resistance (HOMA-IR) remained no significant difference between Sequencing analysis microbiota showed reduction relative abundance Firmicutes Blautia , as well ratio Bacteroidetes-Firmicutes An elevation Bacteroidetes Alistipes detected Acetic acid, propionic butyric belonging short chain (SCFAs) metabolites, after intervention. Correlation revealed that positively correlated IL-1β, TNF-α, or LPS, Additionally, negatively LPS. Conclusions Taken together, ameliorated via suppressing modulating microbiota, may potentially contribute

Language: Английский

---

Food as medicine: targeting the uraemic phenotype in chronic kidney disease

Nature Reviews Nephrology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 17(3), P. 153 - 171

Published: Sept. 22, 2020

Language: Английский

---

Monounsaturated Fatty Acids in Obesity-Related Inflammation

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 22(1), P. 330 - 330

Published: Dec. 30, 2020

Obesity is an important aspect of the metabolic syndrome and often associated with chronic inflammation. In this context, inflammation organs participating in energy homeostasis (such as liver, adipose tissue, muscle pancreas) leads to recruitment activation macrophages, which secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines. Interleukin-1β secretion, sustained C-reactive protein plasma levels NLRP3 inflammasome characterize The Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1) enzyme a central regulator lipid metabolism fat storage. This catalyzes generation monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs)-major components triglycerides stored droplets-from saturated acid (SFA) substrates. review, we describe molecular effects specific classes (saturated unsaturated) better understand impact different diets (Western versus Mediterranean) on context. Given beneficial MUFA-rich Mediterranean diet, also present most recent data role SCD1 activity modulation SFA-induced

Language: Английский

---

ACE2 imbalance as a key player for the poor outcomes in COVID-19 patients with age-related comorbidities – Role of gut microbiota dysbiosis

Ageing Research Reviews, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 62, P. 101123 - 101123

Published: July 16, 2020

Language: Английский

---

Physical Activity and Diet Shape the Immune System during Aging

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 12(3), P. 622 - 622

Published: Feb. 28, 2020

With increasing age, the immune system undergoes a remodeling process, termed immunosenescence, which is accompanied by considerable shifts in leukocyte subpopulations and decline various cell functions. Clinically, immunosenescence characterized increased susceptibility to infections, more frequent reactivation of latent viruses, decreased vaccine efficacy, an prevalence autoimmunity cancer. Physiologically, has some adaptive strategies cope with aging, while settings, maladaptive responses aggravate speed aging morbidity. While lack physical activity, muscle mass, poor nutritional status facilitate inflammaging, lifestyle factors such as exercise dietary habits affect positively. This review will discuss relevance mechanisms immunoprotection through activity specific interventions. In second part, we focus on effect interventions supplementation essential amino acid tryptophan, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, probiotics (with special kynurenine pathway).

Language: Английский

---

Oleogels for development of health-promoting food products

Food Science and Human Wellness, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 9(1), P. 31 - 39

Published: Dec. 4, 2019

Metabolic health and the maintenance of good levels triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, blood pressure glucose are concerns that can greatly impact human quality life. Health-driven consumers’ demands, together with technological innovations, have led to a diversification food industry. The fostering off-the-shelf available affordable healthy products is necessary, as detrimental effects on from ingestion saturated fat sources urge efforts find alternatives. Oleogels be tailored using specific triglycerides oleogelators, selected yield targeted fatty acids, reduce higher cholesterol competing binding-molecules (e.g. phytosterols), content, lessen appetite modelling shape foods) or carry exclusive bioactive compounds absorbed in digestive tract. foreseen an important advance science due their versatility, easy processing affordability. This review explored strategies place develop produce oleogels, foreseeing introduction foods how they might represent source functionality through use molecules. It also oleogels act overall metabolic if used diet.

Language: Английский

---

Microalgae n-3 PUFAs Production and Use in Food and Feed Industries

Marine Drugs, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 19(2), P. 113 - 113

Published: Feb. 18, 2021

N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs), and especially eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) docosahexaenoic (DHA), are essential compounds for human health. They have been proven to act positively on a panel of diseases interesting anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory or anti-cancer properties. For these reasons, they receiving more attention in recent years, future food feed development. EPA DHA come mainly from marine sources like fish seaweed. Unfortunately, due global warming, becoming scarce humans because overfishing stock reduction. Although increasing aquaculture appears insufficient meet the requirements healthy molecules humans. One alternative resides cultivation microalgae, initial producers DHA. also rich biochemicals with After defining macro this review synthesizes current knowledge n-3 PUFAs regarding health benefits challenges surrounding their supply within environmental context. Microalgae PUFA production is examined its synthesis pathways discussed. Finally, use investigated. This work aims define better issues potential microalgae as sustainable source enhance future.

Language: Английский

---

Gut microbiota and rheumatoid arthritis: From pathogenesis to novel therapeutic opportunities

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Sept. 8, 2022

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that primarily affects the joints. Microbial infection considered crucial inducer of RA. Alterations in composition intestinal bacteria individuals with preclinical and established RA suggest vital role gut microbiota immune dysfunction characteristic However, mechanisms by which dysbiosis contributes to are not fully understood. Furthermore, multiple therapies commonly used treat may alter diversity, suggesting modulating help prevent or Hence, better understanding changes accompany should aid development novel therapeutic approaches. This mini-review discusses impact pathogenesis RA, selection microbiota-related biomarkers for diagnosing provides examples cross-modulation between some drugs Some suggestions outlooks also raised, guide future research efforts.

Language: Английский

---