Sex differences in cancer mechanisms

Biology of Sex Differences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: April 15, 2020

We now know that cancer is many different diseases, with great variation even within a single histological subtype. With the current emphasis on developing personalized approaches to treatment, it astonishing we have not yet systematically incorporated biology of sex differences into our paradigms for laboratory and clinical research. While some in arise through actions circulating hormones, other are independent estrogen, testosterone, or progesterone levels. Instead, these result sexual differentiation, process involves genetic epigenetic mechanisms, addition acute hormone actions. Sexual differentiation begins fertilization continues beyond menopause. It affects virtually every body system, resulting marked such areas as growth, lifespan, metabolism, immunity, all which can impact progression, treatment response, survival. These organismal level correlates at cellular level, thus, males females fundamentally differ their protections vulnerabilities cancer, from transformation stages spread, response treatment. Our goal this review cover robust exist core pathways make case inclusion biological variable finish discussion lab- clinic-based experimental design should be used when testing whether matters appropriate statistical models apply data analysis rigorous evaluations potential effects. facilitate evaluation order improve outcomes patients.

Language: Английский

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Intrinsic Resistance to EGFR-Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in EGFR-Mutant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Differences and Similarities with Acquired Resistance

Cancers, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 11(7), P. 923 - 923

Published: July 1, 2019

Activating mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor gene occur as early cancer-driving clonal events a subset of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and result increased sensitivity to EGFR-tyrosine-kinase-inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs). Despite very frequent often prolonged clinical response EGFR-TKIs, virtually all advanced EGFR-mutated (EGFRM+) NSCLCs inevitably acquire resistance mechanisms progress at some point during treatment. Additionally, 20–30% do not respond or for short time (<3 months) because intrinsic resistance. While several acquired EGFR-TKI-resistance have been determined by analyzing tumor specimens obtained disease progression, factors causing TKI-resistance are less understood. However, recent comprehensive molecular-pathological profiling EGFRM+ NSCLC baseline has illustrated co-existence multiple genetic, phenotypic, functional that may contribute progression cause TKI-resistance. Several these further corroborated preclinical experiments. Intrinsic can be caused inherent EGFR EGFR-independent processes, including phenotypic changes. This review describes identified connected differences similarities among clinically implemented EGFR-TKIs different generations. highlights need extensive pre-treatment molecular identifying inherently TKI-resistant cases designing potential combinatorial targeted strategies treat them.

Language: Английский

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Circulating microRNAs: Biomarkers of disease

Clinica Chimica Acta, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 516, P. 46 - 54

Published: Jan. 22, 2021

Language: Английский

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Updated review of advances in microRNAs and complex diseases: taxonomy, trends and challenges of computational models

Briefings in Bioinformatics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(5)

Published: Sept. 1, 2022

Since the problem proposed in late 2000s, microRNA-disease association (MDA) predictions have been implemented based on data fusion paradigm. Integrating diverse sources gains a more comprehensive research perspective, and brings challenge to algorithm design for generating accurate, concise consistent representations of fused data. After than decade progress, relatively simple like score function or single computation layer may no longer be sufficient further improving predictive performance. Advanced model has become frequent recent years, particularly form reasonably combing multiple algorithms, process known as fusion. In current review, we present 29 state-of-the-art models introduce taxonomy computational MDA prediction non-fusion. The new exhibits notable changes algorithmic architecture models, compared with that earlier ones 2017 review by Chen et al. Moreover, discuss progresses made towards overcoming obstacles effective since elaborated how future can designed according set schemas. Lastly, analysed strengths weaknesses each category directions from perspectives enhancing

Language: Английский

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Clinical Applications and Anticancer Effects of Antimicrobial Peptides: From Bench to Bedside

Frontiers in Oncology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Feb. 23, 2022

Cancer is a multifaceted global health issue and one of the leading causes death worldwide. In recent years, medical science has achieved great advances in diagnosis treatment cancer. Despite numerous advantages conventional cancer therapies, there are major drawbacks including severe side effects, toxicities, drug resistance. Therefore, urgency developing new drugs with low cytotoxicity resistance increasing. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have attracted attention as novel therapeutic strategy for various cancers, targeting tumor cells less toxicity to normal tissues. this review, we present structure, biological function, underlying mechanisms AMPs. The experimental studies clinical trials on anticancer different types well challenges their application also been discussed.

Language: Английский

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MicroRNA as a Potential Therapeutic Molecule in Cancer

Cells, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(6), P. 1008 - 1008

Published: March 16, 2022

Small noncoding RNAs, as post-translational regulators of many target genes, are not only markers neoplastic disease initiation and progression, but also response to anticancer therapy. Hundreds miRNAs have been identified biomarkers drug resistance, demonstrated the potential sensitize cancer cells Their properties modulating therapy made them a promising for overcoming resistance. Several methods developed delivery cells, including introducing synthetic miRNA mimics, DNA plasmids containing miRNAs, small molecules that epigenetically alter endogenous expression. The results studies in animal models preclinical solid cancers hematological malignancies confirmed effectiveness treatment protocols using microRNA. Nevertheless, use is without limitations, development stable nanoconstruct, method choices, biodistribution. aim this review was summarize role present new therapeutic concepts these molecules. Supporting with microRNA has verified numerous clinical trials, which shows great cancer.

Language: Английский

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miRNAs as cornerstones in adipogenesis and obesity

Life Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 315, P. 121382 - 121382

Published: Jan. 10, 2023

Language: Английский

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An electrochemical biosensor for simultaneous detection of breast cancer clinically related microRNAs based on a gold nanoparticles/graphene quantum dots/graphene oxide film

The Analyst, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 146(12), P. 4000 - 4009

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

An electrochemical biosensor employing a gold nanoparticles/graphene quantum dots/graphene oxide composite modified electrode is developed for the multiplex detection of miRNA breast cancer biomarkers.

Language: Английский

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Epigenetic modifications of c-MYC: Role in cancer cell reprogramming, progression and chemoresistance

Seminars in Cancer Biology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 83, P. 166 - 176

Published: Nov. 19, 2020

Language: Английский

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Diagnostic, Predictive, and Prognostic Biomarkers in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Management

Journal of Personalized Medicine, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(11), P. 1102 - 1102

Published: Oct. 27, 2021

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Despite growing efforts for its early detection by screening populations at risk, majority lung patients are still diagnosed in an advanced stage. The management has dramatically improved last decade and no longer based on “one-fits-all” paradigm or general histological classification non-small cell versus small cancer. Emerging options targeted therapies immunotherapies have shifted to a more personalized treatment approach, significantly influencing clinical course outcome disease. Molecular biomarkers emerged as valuable tools prognosis prediction therapy response. In this review, we discuss relevant used tumors, from diagnosis prognosis. We also promising new biomarkers, focusing most abundant type

Language: Английский

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