Intratumoral microbiota: roles in cancer initiation, development and therapeutic efficacy

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: Jan. 16, 2023

Abstract Microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and other eukaryotes, play critical roles in human health. An altered microbiome can be associated with complex diseases. Intratumoral microbial components are found multiple tumor tissues closely correlated cancer initiation development therapy efficacy. The intratumoral microbiota may contribute to promotion of the progression cancers by DNA mutations, activating carcinogenic pathways, promoting chronic inflammation, complement system, initiating metastasis. Moreover, not only enhance antitumor immunity via mechanisms STING signaling activation, T NK cell TLS production, microbiota-derived antigen presenting, but also decrease immune responses promote through pathways upregulation ROS, an anti-inflammatory environment, inactivation, immunosuppression. effect on is dependent composition, crosstalk between cancer, status cancers. regulate physiology response different β-catenin, TLR, ERK, NF-κB, STING, among others. These viewpoints help identify as diagnosis or prognosis evaluation cancers, new therapeutic strategy potential targets for therapy.

Language: Английский

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From chaos to order: optimizing fecal microbiota transplantation for enhanced immune checkpoint inhibitors efficacy

Gut Microbes, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(1)

Published: Jan. 18, 2025

The integration of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) presents a promising approach for enhancing cancer treatment efficacy and overcoming therapeutic resistance. This review critically examines the controversial effects FMT on ICIs outcomes elucidates underlying mechanisms. We investigate how modulates gut composition, microbial metabolite profiles, tumor microenvironment, thereby influencing effectiveness. Key factors efficacy, including donor selection criteria, recipient characteristics, administration protocols, are comprehensively discussed. delineates strategies optimizing formulations systematically monitoring post-transplant microbiome dynamics. Through comprehensive synthesis evidence from clinical trials preclinical studies, we elucidate potential benefits challenges combining across diverse types. While some studies report improved outcomes, others indicate no benefit or adverse effects, emphasizing complexity host-microbiome interactions in immunotherapy. outline critical research directions, encompassing need large-scale, multi-center randomized controlled trials, in-depth ecology multi-omics approaches artificial intelligence. Regulatory ethical addressed, underscoring imperative standardized protocols rigorous long-term safety assessments. seeks to guide future endeavors applications FMT-ICIs combination therapy, improve patient while ensuring both efficacy. As this rapidly evolving field advances, maintaining judicious balance between openness innovation cautious scrutiny is crucial realizing full modulation

Language: Английский

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Tumor microbiome – an integral part of the tumor microenvironment

Frontiers in Oncology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Nov. 24, 2022

The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a significant role in progression and cancer cell survival. Besides malignant cells non-malignant components, including immune cells, elements of the extracellular matrix, stromal endothelial microbiome is considered to be an integral part TME. Mounting evidence from preclinical clinical studies evaluated presence type-specific intratumoral bacteria. Differences composition between cancerous tissues benign controls suggest importance microbiome-based approach. Complex host-microbiota crosstalk within TME affects biology via regulation oncogenic pathways, response modulation, interaction with microbiota-derived metabolites. Significantly, involvement tumor-associated microbiota drug metabolism highlights therapeutic implications. This review aims summarize current knowledge about emerging various types solid malignancies. utility treatment also discussed. Moreover, we provide overview trials evaluating patients. research focusing on communication gut microbiomes may bring new opportunities for targeting increase efficacy improve patient outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Mediterranean diet and olive oil, microbiota, and obesity-related cancers. From mechanisms to prevention

Seminars in Cancer Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 95, P. 103 - 119

Published: Aug. 4, 2023

Olive oil (OO) is the main source of added fat in Mediterranean diet (MD). It a mix bioactive compounds, including monounsaturated fatty acids, phytosterols, simple phenols, secoiridoids, flavonoids, and terpenoids. There growing body evidence that MD OO improve obesity-related factors. In addition, obesity has been associated with an increased risk for several cancers: endometrial, oesophageal adenocarcinoma, renal, pancreatic, hepatocellular, gastric cardia, meningioma, multiple myeloma, colorectal, postmenopausal breast, ovarian, gallbladder, thyroid cancer. However, epidemiological linking these cancers, their potential mechanisms action, especially those involving gut microbiota, are not clearly described or understood. The goals this review 1) to update current knowledge on associations between consumption 2) identify microbiota involved 3) report effects mechanisms.

Language: Английский

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Modulating the gut microbiota by probiotics, prebiotics, postbiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation: An emerging trend in cancer patient care

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Cancer, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 1878(6), P. 188990 - 188990

Published: Sept. 23, 2023

Language: Английский

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The Roles and Interactions of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum in Oral and Gastrointestinal Carcinogenesis: A Narrative Review

Pathogens, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 93 - 93

Published: Jan. 20, 2024

Epidemiological studies have spotlighted the intricate relationship between individual oral bacteria and tumor occurrence. Porphyromonas gingivalis Fusobacteria nucleatum, which are known periodontal pathogens, emerged as extensively studied participants with potential pathogenic abilities in carcinogenesis. However, complex dynamics arising from interactions these two pathogens were less addressed. This narrative review aims to summarize current knowledge on prevalence mechanism implications of P. F. nucleatum carcinogenesis squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), colorectal cancer (CRC), pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). In particular, it explores clinical experimental evidence interplay affecting gastrointestinal recognized keystone or bridging bacteria, identified multiple simultaneously. The both species correlated development progression, emphasizing impact collaboration. Regrettably, there was insufficient demonstrate synergistic function. We further propose a hypothesis elucidate underlying mechanisms, offering promising avenue for future research this dynamic evolving field.

Language: Английский

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The oral microbiome and oral and upper gastrointestinal diseases

Journal of Oral Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: June 3, 2024

Background Microbiomes are essential components of the human body, and their populations substantial. Under normal circumstances, microbiomes coexist harmoniously with but disturbances in this equilibrium can lead to various diseases. The oral microbiome is involved occurrence development many gastrointestinal This review focuses on relationship between upper diseases, therapeutic strategies aiming provide valuable insights for clinical prevention treatment.

Language: Английский

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Microbiome Integrity Enhances the Efficacy and Safety of Anticancer Drug

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 422 - 422

Published: Feb. 10, 2025

The intricate relationship between anticancer drugs and the gut microbiome influences cancer treatment outcomes. This review paper focuses on role of integrity in enhancing efficacy safety drug therapy, emphasizing pharmacokinetic interactions microbiota. It explores how disruptions to composition, or dysbiosis, can alter metabolism, immune responses, side effects. By examining mechanisms disruption caused by drugs, this highlights specific case studies like cyclophosphamide, 5-fluorouracil, irinotecan, their impact microbial diversity clinical also discusses microbiome-targeted strategies, including prebiotics, probiotics, postbiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), as promising interventions enhance treatment. Furthermore, potential profiling personalizing therapy integrating these into practice is explored. Finally, proposes future research directions, developing novel biomarkers a deeper comprehension drug-microbiome interactions, respond current gaps knowledge improve patient outcomes care.

Language: Английский

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The effect of the intratumoral microbiome on tumor occurrence, progression, prognosis and treatment

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Nov. 18, 2022

In the past few decades, great progress has been achieved in understanding of microbiome-cancer interactions. However, most studies have focused on gut microbiome, ignoring how other microbiomes interact with tumors. Emerging evidence suggests that many types cancers, such as lung cancer, pancreatic and colorectal intratumoral microbiome plays a significant role. addition, accumulating microbes multiple effects biological behavior tumors, for example, regulating tumor initiation progression altering response to chemotherapy immunotherapy. fully understand role further investigation mechanisms is still needed. This review discusses bacteria tumorigenesis progression, recurrence metastasis, well their effect cancer prognosis treatment outcome, summarizes relevant mechanisms.

Language: Английский

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Role of Gut Microbiome in Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Response in Urothelial Carcinoma: A Multi-institutional Prospective Cohort Evaluation

Cancer Research Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 4(6), P. 1505 - 1516

Published: May 15, 2024

Abstract Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is linked with clinical advantages in urothelial carcinoma for patients muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Despite comprehensive research into the influence of tumor mutation expression profiles and clinicopathologic factors on response, role gut microbiome (GM) response remains poorly understood. This study examines variance GM compared healthy adults, investigates compositional differences between who respond to versus those exhibit residual disease. Our reveals distinct clustering, effectively separating cohorts. However, no significant were observed responders nonresponders within community subgroups. Machine learning models based responder status outperformed variables predicting complete (AUC 0.88 vs. AUC 0.50), although single microbial species emerged as a fully reliable biomarker. The evaluation short chain fatty acid (SCFA) concentration blood stool revealed correlation status. Still, SCFA analysis showed higher abundance Akkermansia (rs = 0.51, P 0.017) Clostridia 0.52, 0.018), which correlated increased levels detectable fecal isobutyric acid. Higher Lactobacillus 0.49, 0.02) Enterobacteriaceae < 0.03) propionic In conclusion, our constitutes first large-scale, multicenter assessment composition, suggesting potential complex signature predict more likely NAC multiple taxa. Significance: highlights results that link composition efficacy MIBC. We discovered Bacteroides experienced worse NAC. shows promise superior predictor treatment over traditional variables. Although preliminary, findings advocate larger, detailed studies validate these associations.

Language: Английский

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