Dementia prevention, intervention, and care: 2024 report of the Lancet standing Commission

The Lancet, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 404(10452), P. 572 - 628

Published: July 31, 2024

Language: Английский

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Metabolic Syndrome as a Risk Factor for Alzheimer’s Disease: A Focus on Insulin Resistance

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(5), P. 4354 - 4354

Published: Feb. 22, 2023

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the main type of dementia and a with profound socioeconomic burden due to lack effective treatment. In addition genetics environmental factors, AD highly associated metabolic syndrome, defined as combination hypertension, hyperlipidemia, obesity 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Among these risk connection between T2DM has been deeply studied. It suggested that mechanism linking both conditions insulin resistance. Insulin an important hormone regulates not only peripheral energy homeostasis but also brain functions, such cognition. desensitization, therefore, could impact normal function increasing developing neurodegenerative disorders in later life. Paradoxically, it demonstrated decreased neuronal signalling can have protective role aging protein-aggregation-associated diseases, case AD. This controversy fed by studies focused on signalling. However, action other cell types, astrocytes, still unexplored. Therefore, worthwhile exploring involvement astrocytic receptor cognition, well onset and/or development

Language: Английский

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GLP-1 Receptor Agonists: A New Treatment in Parkinson’s Disease

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(7), P. 3812 - 3812

Published: March 29, 2024

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases. Recent data highlight similarities between diseases, including PD and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), suggesting a crucial interplay gut–brain axis. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists, known for their use in T2DM treatment, are currently extensively studied as novel modifying agents. For this narrative review article, we searched PubMed Scopus databases peer-reviewed research, articles clinical trials regarding GLP-1R agonists published English language with no time restrictions. We also screened references selected possible additional order to include key recent evidence. Many on animal models preclinical studies show that GLP1-R can restore dopamine levels, inhibit dopaminergic loss, attenuate neuronal degeneration alleviate motor non-motor features PD. Evidence from very promising, enhancing possibility adding current armamentarium drugs available treatment.

Language: Английский

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The GLP-1 Agonist Semaglutide Ameliorates Cognitive Regression in P301S Tauopathy Mice Model via Autophagy/ACE2/SIRT1/FOXO1-Mediated Microglia Polarization

European Journal of Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 177305 - 177305

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Antidiabetic Drugs in the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(9), P. 4641 - 4641

Published: April 22, 2022

The public health burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer's disease is steadily increasing worldwide, especially in the population older adults. Epidemiological clinical studies suggest a possible shared pathophysiology between two diseases an increased risk AD patients with mellitus. Therefore, recent years, there has been substantial interest identifying mechanisms action antidiabetic drugs their potential use disease. Human mild cognitive impairment have shown that administration some medications, such as intranasal insulin, metformin, incretins, thiazolidinediones, can improve cognition memory. This review aims to examine latest evidence on medications candidate for treatment

Language: Английский

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Recent Advances in the Neuroprotective Properties of Ferulic Acid in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Narrative Review

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(18), P. 3709 - 3709

Published: Sept. 8, 2022

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive degenerative disorder of the central nervous system, characterized by neuroinflammation, neurotransmitter deficits, and neurodegeneration, which finally leads to neuronal death. Emerging evidence highlighted that hyperglycemia brain insulin resistance represent risk factors for AD development, thus suggesting existence an additional form, associated with glucose metabolism impairment, named type 3 diabetes. Owing limited pharmacological options, novel strategies, especially dietary approaches based on consumption polyphenols, have been addressed prevent or, at least, slow down progression. Among ferulic acid hydroxycinnamic derivative, widely distributed in nature, cereal bran fruits, known be endowed many bioactivities, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory antidiabetic, it could exploited as possible neuroprotective strategy. Considering importance bioactive molecule its widespread distribution foods medicinal plants, aim present narrative review provide overview existing preclinical clinical about properties mechanisms action acid, also focusing ability modulate homeostasis, order support further therapeutic interest

Language: Английский

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Hypoglycemic medicines in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease: Pathophysiological links between AD and glucose metabolism

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Feb. 23, 2023

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a global chronic disease in adults with beta-amyloid (Aβ) deposits and hyperphosphorylated tau protein as the pathologic characteristics. Although exact etiology of AD still not fully elucidated, aberrant metabolism including insulin signaling mitochondria dysfunction plays an important role development AD. Binding to receptor substrates, can transport through blood-brain barrier (BBB), thus mediating pathways regulate physiological functions. Impaired pathways, PI3K/Akt/GSK3β MAPK could cause damage brain pathogenesis Mitochondrial overexpression TXNIP also be causative links between DM. Some antidiabetic medicines may have benefits treatment Metformin beneficial for cognition improvement patients, although results from clinical trials were inconsistent. Exendin-4 affect animal models but there lack trials. Liraglutide dulaglutide benefit patients adequate studies semaglutide. Dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors (DPP4is) such saxagliptin, vildagliptin, linagliptin, sitagliptin boost cognitive function models. And SGLT2 empagliflozin dapagliflozin considerably protective against new-onset dementia T2DM patients. Insulin therapy promising some indicated that it increase risk Herbal are helpful neuroprotection brain. For example, polyphenols, alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids glucose metabolism. Focusing on metabolism, we summarized pharmacological mechanism hypoglycemic drugs herbal medicines. New approaches synthesized would provided More needed produce definite evidence effectiveness medications.

Language: Английский

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The link between metabolic syndrome and Alzheimer disease: A mutual relationship and long rigorous investigation

Ageing Research Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 91, P. 102084 - 102084

Published: Oct. 5, 2023

Language: Английский

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Potential Role of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists in the Treatment of Cognitive Decline and Dementia in Diabetes Mellitus

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(14), P. 11301 - 11301

Published: July 11, 2023

Dementia is a permanent illness characterized by mental instability, memory loss, and cognitive decline. Many studies have demonstrated an association between diabetes dysfunction that proceeds in three steps, namely, diabetes-associated decrements, mild impairment (MCI; both non-amnesic MCI amnesic MCI), dementia [both vascular Alzheimer’s disease (AD)]. Based on this association, has been designated as type 3 mellitus. The underlying mechanisms comprise insulin resistance, inflammation, lipid abnormalities, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, glycated end-products autophagy. Moreover, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) to be involved. Insulin the brain neuroprotective role alters skills alteration of signaling determines beta-amyloid (Aβ) accumulation, turn promoting resistance. In complex mechanism, other triggers include hyperglycemia-induced overproduction reactive oxygen species (ROS) inflammatory cytokines, which result neuroinflammation, suggesting antidiabetic drugs may potential treatments protect against AD. Among these, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are most attractive due their actions synaptic plasticity, cognition cell survival. present review summarizes significant data concerning pathophysiological pharmacological dementia.

Language: Английский

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Metabolic defects shared by Alzheimer's disease and diabetes: A focus on mitochondria

Current Opinion in Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 79, P. 102694 - 102694

Published: Feb. 24, 2023

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are two global epidemics that share several metabolic defects, such as insulin resistance, impaired glucose metabolism, mitochondrial defects. Importantly, strong evidence demonstrates T2D significantly increases the risk of cognitive decline dementia, particularly AD. Here, we provide an overview defects characterize link both pathologies putting focus on mitochondria. The biomarker potential components therapeutic some drugs target modulate mitochondria also briefly discussed.

Language: Английский

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