Plant Development and Crop Yield: The Role of Gibberellins

Plants, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(19), P. 2650 - 2650

Published: Oct. 9, 2022

Gibberellins have been classically related to a few key developmental processes, thus being essential for the accurate unfolding of plant genetic programs. After more than century research, over one hundred different gibberellins described. There is continuously increasing interest in research because their relevant role so-called "Green Revolution", as well current and possible applications crop improvement. The functions attributed traditionally restricted regulation stature, seed germination, flowering. Nonetheless, last years has shown that these extend many other processes. In this review, knowledge on homeostasis mode action briefly outlined, while specific attention focused responses which take part. Thus, those genes proteins identified involved gibberellin model non-model species are highlighted. present review aims provide comprehensive picture state-of-the-art perception molecular biology its effects development. This might be helpful enhance our understanding know-how development breeding

Language: Английский

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Mitigating chromium toxicity in rice (Oryza sativa L.) via ABA and 6-BAP: Unveiling synergistic benefits on morphophysiological traits and ASA-GSH cycle

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 908, P. 168208 - 168208

Published: Oct. 31, 2023

Language: Английский

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Effects of Drought Stress on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Endogenous Hormone Levels in the Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas)

Horticulturae, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(5), P. 456 - 456

Published: April 24, 2025

In the context of climate change and severe water shortages in agriculture, we explored stress responses sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) terms endogenous hormone levels other physiological characteristics, providing a theoretical basis for drought-resistant cultivation potato. This study was conducted from 2021–2022 solar greenhouse under artificially controlled conditions. We determined biomass, agronomic indexes, photosynthetic parameters, three treatments: normal supply (CK), mild drought (LD), (HD). The results revealed that inhibited aboveground belowground growth compared with CK; yield decreased increasing drought. net rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate leaves significantly stress. leaves’ intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) up to 50 days after transplanting but increased 75 transplanting. zeatin riboside (ZR) indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) contents were lower tubers LD HD treatments CK, whereas abscisic (ABA) content higher. Within same period, (ZR + IAA)/ABA ratio severity. Correlation analysis ABA leaf Ci positively correlated, both indices negatively correlated all indices. Aboveground dry weight ZR IAA contents. These findings demonstrate regulatory effects elevated concentrations on conductance during indicate closure mainly responsible observed early stage rapid decrease late may have been caused by non-stomatal factors. provide foundation future cultivation.

Language: Английский

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Tuber, or not tuber: Molecular and morphological basis of underground storage organ development

Current Opinion in Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 80, P. 102544 - 102544

Published: May 16, 2024

Language: Английский

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Low light reduces saffron corm yield by inhibiting starch synthesis

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: Jan. 31, 2025

The mechanisms by which low light modulates source-sink dynamics, affecting starch synthesis and formation of underground storage organs in geophyte, remain unclear. In this study, a two-year field experiment was conducted under natural (NL) (LL, 50% NL intensity) conditions. LL resulted 23.66% 21.23% reduction corm yield 2023 2024, respectively. Saffron plants had larger, longer leaves with higher proportion dry weight (DW) compared to those NL. Despite the marked inhibition photosynthetic capacity, initial DW, sucrose glucose concentrations were comparable Carbohydrate analysis revealed that concentration mother corms decreased 18.00% relative NL, while increased 28.44% 68.44%, At expansion stage, daughter conditions 17.32% 54.08% than but 22.08% 10.22% lower, Additionally, activity invertase (INV), synthase decomposition direction (SUS) ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase) reduced LL. also affected phytohormones concentrations, levels indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) gibberellin (GA1) corms, abscisic (ABA) levels. Transcriptome quantitative PCR analyses showed upregulated expression genes involved glycolysis tricarboxylic cycle leaves, downregulating CsSUS, CsINV1, CsAGPS1, CsZEP, CsNCED, are key hydrolysis, synthesis, ABA biosynthesis. Exogenous GA3 application further inhibited SUS, INV AGPase activities indicating high GA impair carbohydrate metabolism these organs. conclusion, decreases saffron promoting allocation reserves from at seedling stage. By period enlargement, elevated GA1 IAA promote leaf growth inhibiting thereby reducing transport suppressing formation.

Language: Английский

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Synergistic Effects of Combined Foliar Fertilizers on Growth, Stress Tolerance, and Yield of High-quality Japonica Rice

International Journal of Plant Production, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 25, 2025

Language: Английский

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Phytohormone and Amino Acid Changes in Cherry Radish as Metabolic Adaptive Response to Arsenic Single and Multi-Contamination

Biomolecules, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 390 - 390

Published: March 8, 2025

This study investigated the metabolic adaptive responses to As contamination and co-contamination with cadmium, lead, zinc in leaves tubers of cherry radish (Raphanus sativus var. Pers.). The response was assessed by measuring malondialdehyde levels, total phenolic content (TPC), anthocyanin pigment (TAC), growth stress phytohormone concentration, free amino acid content. characteristic accumulation single resulted a decrease tuber growth. However, case co-contamination, uptake influenced presence other potentially toxic elements (PTEs), mainly zinc, no significant effect on Both contaminated treatments exhibited differences metabolite levels among organs, along notable changes their contents. Increases malondialdehyde, TPC, TAC indicated induced oxidative an antioxidant that more pronounced co-contamination. Also, results for phytohormones, which showed both increases decreases, selected acids (which increases), demonstrated influence Based these findings, it can be concluded studied parameters, variability results, reflecting extent effects PTEs induce stress.

Language: Английский

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Calmodulin and calcium signaling in potato tuberization: The role of membrane transporters in stress adaptation

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 109829 - 109829

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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StSN2 enhances tuber formation in potato via upregulating of the ABA signaling pathway

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: May 12, 2025

Potato is a globally significant food and economic crop, playing crucial strategic role in ensuring global security promoting development. The Snakin/GASA (gibberellic acid-stimulated Arabidopsis) family, group of plant antimicrobial peptides regulated by hormones, play key roles growth development through hormone signal transduction. Previous studies have shown that overexpression StSN2 significantly increases the tuber numbers proportion large tubers, suggesting critical regulator formation, although its precise mechanism remains unclear. In this study,researchers utilized CRISPR/Cas9 technology to regulate expression level potatoes, delved into function potato formation. research results show deletion gene led delay about 14 days formation stolons, decrease yield 20-30%. Bioinformatics analysis promoter identified multiple cis-regulatory elements, exogenous ABA GA treatments confirmed responds strongly induction. Further enzyme activities during demonstrated enhances signaling pathway upregulating components such as StPYL1, StSnRK2.2/2.3/2.6, StABI5, thereby conclusion, study integrates genetic, molecular, physiological approaches elucidate regulatory findings enrich our understanding molecular mechanisms underlying provide theoretical foundation for improving yields stability design.

Language: Английский

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The tomato EAR‐motif repressor, SlERF36, accelerates growth transitions and reduces plant life cycle by regulating GA levels and responses

Plant Biotechnology Journal, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 22(4), P. 848 - 862

Published: Dec. 21, 2023

Summary Faster vegetative growth and early maturity/harvest reduce plant life cycle time are important agricultural traits facilitating crop rotation. GA is a key hormone governing developmental transitions that determine speed in plants. An EAR‐motif repressor, SlERF36 regulates various transitions, partly through regulation of the pathway levels, was identified tomato. Suppression delayed germination, slowed down organ onset flowering time, fruit harvest whole‐plant senescence by 10–15 days. Its over‐expression promoted faster accelerating all these besides increasing expansion height substantially. The were completed 20–30 days earlier than control without affecting yield, glasshouse as well net‐house conditions, across seasons generations. These changes associated with reciprocal expression genes basal levels between suppression lines. interacted promoters two GA2 oxidase genes, SlGA2ox3 SlGA2ox4 , DELLA gene, SlDELLA reducing their transcription causing 3–5‐fold increase 3 /GA 4 levels. increased SlGA2ox3/4 transcript reduced 30%–50%. conserved families making it an candidate horticultural crops for manipulation to cycles harvest.

Language: Английский

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