Microbiota–gut–brain axis and its therapeutic applications in neurodegenerative diseases

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Feb. 16, 2024

Abstract The human gastrointestinal tract is populated with a diverse microbial community. vast genetic and metabolic potential of the gut microbiome underpins its ubiquity in nearly every aspect biology, including health maintenance, development, aging, disease. advent new sequencing technologies culture-independent methods has allowed researchers to move beyond correlative studies toward mechanistic explorations shed light on microbiome–host interactions. Evidence unveiled bidirectional communication between central nervous system, referred as “microbiota–gut–brain axis”. microbiota–gut–brain axis represents an important regulator glial functions, making it actionable target ameliorate development progression neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we discuss mechanisms As provides essential cues microglia, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, examine communications microbiota these cells during healthy states Subsequently, diseases using metabolite-centric approach, while also examining role microbiota-related neurotransmitters hormones. Next, targeting intestinal barrier, blood–brain meninges, peripheral immune system counteract dysfunction neurodegeneration. Finally, conclude by assessing pre-clinical clinical evidence probiotics, prebiotics, fecal transplantation A thorough comprehension will foster effective therapeutic interventions for management

Language: Английский

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Neurotransmitter systems in the etiology of major neurological disorders: Emerging insights and therapeutic implications

Ageing Research Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 89, P. 101994 - 101994

Published: June 28, 2023

Language: Английский

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Mitochondria and Brain Disease: A Comprehensive Review of Pathological Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(9), P. 2488 - 2488

Published: Sept. 7, 2023

Mitochondria play a vital role in maintaining cellular energy homeostasis, regulating apoptosis, and controlling redox signaling. Dysfunction of mitochondria has been implicated the pathogenesis various brain diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders, stroke, psychiatric illnesses. This review paper provides comprehensive overview intricate relationship between disease, focusing on underlying pathological mechanisms exploring potential therapeutic opportunities. The covers key topics such as mitochondrial DNA mutations, impaired oxidative phosphorylation, dynamics, calcium dysregulation, reactive oxygen species generation context disease. Additionally, it discusses emerging strategies targeting dysfunction, protective agents, metabolic modulators, gene therapy approaches. By critically analysing existing literature recent advancements, this aims to enhance our understanding multifaceted disease shed light novel interventions.

Language: Английский

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Acetylcholinesterase biosensors for electrochemical detection of neurotoxic pesticides and acetylcholine neurotransmitter: A literature review

Environmental Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 227, P. 115724 - 115724

Published: March 21, 2023

Language: Английский

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Understanding the Gut–Brain Axis and Its Therapeutic Implications for Neurodegenerative Disorders

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(21), P. 4631 - 4631

Published: Oct. 31, 2023

The gut–brain axis (GBA) is a complex bidirectional communication network connecting the gut and brain. It involves neural, immune, endocrine pathways between gastrointestinal (GI) tract central nervous system (CNS). Perturbations of GBA have been reported in many neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs), such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), among others, suggesting possible role pathogenesis. microbiota pivotal component GBA, alterations its composition, known dysbiosis, associated with dysfunction neurodegeneration. might influence homeostasis CNS by modulating immune and, more directly, regulating production molecules metabolites that systems, making it potential therapeutic target. Preclinical trials manipulating microbial composition through dietary intervention, probiotic prebiotic supplementation, fecal transplantation (FMT) provided promising outcomes. However, clear mechanism not well understood, results are always consistent. Here, we provide an overview major components approaches targeting to ameliorate NDDs.

Language: Английский

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Dietary Nutrient Deficiencies and Risk of Depression (Review Article 2018–2023)

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(11), P. 2433 - 2433

Published: May 23, 2023

Depression is classified as one of the most common mental disorders. Its prevalence has recently increased, becoming a growing public health threat. This review focuses on clarifying role and importance individual nutrients in diet impact nutrient deficiencies risk depression. Deficiencies such protein, B vitamins, vitamin D, magnesium, zinc, selenium, iron, calcium, omega-3 fatty acids have significant brain nervous system function, which can affect appearance depressive symptoms. However, it important to remember that itself not only factor influencing or helping treat There are many other aspects, physical activity, sleep, stress management, social support, also play an maintaining health. The data observed available analyses based cross-sectional studies. Further studies, including prospective cohort, case-control recommended draw more reliable conclusions.

Language: Английский

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6,7-Coumarin-heterocyclic hybrids: A comprehensive review of their natural sources, synthetic approaches, and bioactivity

Journal of Molecular Structure, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 1303, P. 137601 - 137601

Published: Jan. 22, 2024

Language: Английский

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Marine algal polysaccharides for drug delivery applications: A review

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 295, P. 139551 - 139551

Published: Jan. 7, 2025

Language: Английский

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Neurodegenerative Diseases: Implications of Environmental and Climatic Influences on Neurotransmitters and Neuronal Hormones Activities

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 19(19), P. 12495 - 12495

Published: Sept. 30, 2022

Neurodegenerative and neuronal-related diseases are major public health concerns. Human vulnerability to neurodegenerative (NDDs) increases with age. Neuronal hormones neurotransmitters determinant factors regulating brain structure functions. The implications of environmental climatic changes emerged recently as influence on numerous diseases. However, the complex interaction neuronal their depletion under influences NDDs not well established in literature. In this review, we aim explore connection between highlight available potential therapeutic interventions that could use improve quality life reduce susceptibility NDDs.

Language: Английский

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Nanocomposite Materials based on Metal Nanoparticles for the Electrochemical Sensing of Neurotransmitters

Chemosensors, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(3), P. 179 - 179

Published: March 7, 2023

Neurotransmitters (NTs) are known as endogenous chemical messengers with important roles in the normal functioning of central and peripheral nervous systems. Abnormal levels certain NTs, such dopamine, serotonin epinephrine, have been linked several neurodegenerative diseases (such Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease Huntington’s disease). To date, various strategies employed for quantitative determination nanocomposite materials based on conducting polymers metal nanoparticles constitute a cornerstone development electrochemical sensors low costs, stability, fast response rates high selectivity sensitivity. The preparation analytical applications sensing neurotransmitters discussed this paper. Recent developments also emphasis benefits brought by improving sensitivity measurements. synthesis methods situ generation within polymer layers reviewed. nanocomposite-sensing towards detection epinephrine terms quantification limits, linear range, selectivity.

Language: Английский

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