Eosinophils‐Induced Lumican Secretion by Synovial Fibroblasts Alleviates Cartilage Degradation via the TGF‐β Pathway Mediated by Anxa1 Binding

Advanced Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 24, 2025

The innate immune response is crucial in the progression of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA). Yet, roles eosinophils TMJOA remain unclear, underscoring need for further investigation into their potential impact and mechanism. Addressing clinical observation that eosinophil numbers synovial fluid are higher healthy individuals than those with TMJOA, vital regulation this cell population by using an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced hyper-eosinophilia asthma rats explored a rat model antibody-mediated depletion vivo, co-culture system fibroblasts, chondrocytes, vitro. abnormal proliferation, cartilage degradation, subchondral bone erosion effectively inhibited OVA-induced asthmatic appearing local accumulation synovium. Conversely, reduction exacerbated treated TRFK. Mechanistically, protective effect against attributed to promotion Lumican secretion synovium, where binds Annexin A1 inhibits transforming growth factor β2 Smad2/3 phosphorylation. These results illustrate OVA/IL-5-induced eosinophils' role identifying as key anti-TMJOA target. Collectively, these findings revealed signature mechanism stimulate resolution.

Language: Английский

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Development of a Wrench-Based System for Occlusal Force Analysis: A Biomechanical Approach to Evaluating Dental Occlusion

Published: April 7, 2025

Background The forces of the jaw muscles are transmitted to dentition and temporomandibular joints (TMJs). Imbalances in force distribution can lead occlusal trauma, excessive tooth wear, or TMJ osteoarthritis, making assessment bite (BF) clinically significant. Existing thin-film BF measurement devices capture magnitudes a system BFs distributed at multiple contacts (OCs), but fail their directional components, limiting clinical utility. This study aimed develop method for representing systems as wrench, simplified force-couple model, using digital dentistry tools, evaluate its reliability terms inter-examiner reproducibility Methods A semi-automated was developed integrate data with models maxillary mandibular dental arches. were represented wrenches six parameters: resultant magnitude, wrench axis location, orientation, pitch. Ten young adult participants (5 women, 5 men; mean age: 20.1 ± 2.9 years) recruited. measurements performed on all system. Two independent operators manually assigned identified OCs, these assignments evaluated between examiners. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) parameters calculated assess consistency biomechanical outcomes appropriate statistical tests, significance set p < .05. Results proposed allowed substantial automation; manual steps limited segmenting IR model each assigning OCs. For agreement evaluated, yielding an 87% match rate. Furthermore, impact assessed intraclass (ICCs), which ranged from 0.93 0.99, indicating high reliability. Conclusions efficiently integrates three-dimensional OC analysis, providing practical evaluation systems. In addition, provides consistent analysis across different operators.

Language: Английский

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Advances in cell therapy for orthopedic diseases: bridging immune modulation and regeneration

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: April 10, 2025

Orthopedic diseases pose significant challenges to public health due their high prevalence, debilitating effects, and limited treatment options. Additionally, orthopedic tumors, such as osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, further complicate the landscape. Current therapies, including pharmacological treatments joint replacement, address symptoms but fail promote true tissue regeneration. Cell-based which have shown successful clinical results in cancers other diseases, emerged a promising solution repair damaged tissues restore function tumors. This review discusses advances potential application of cell therapy for with particular focus on osteoarthritis, bone fractures, cartilage degeneration, We explore mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), chondrocyte transplantation, engineered immune induced pluripotent stem enhance regeneration by modulating response addressing inflammation. Ultimately, integration cutting-edge therapy, modulation, molecular targeting strategies could revolutionize providing hope patients seeking long-term solutions conditions.

Language: Английский

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Dihydrotestosterone and 17β-Estradiol Modulate TMJ Osteoarthritis Development: Unveiling Sex Differences in Pathogenesis

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 16, 2025

To investigate the effects and mechanisms of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) 17β-estradiol on temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ-OA) to understand sex differences apply findings TMJ-OA prevention treatment. Ten-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were divided into six groups study mechanical stress (MS), aromatase inhibitors (Ai), orchiectomy (ORX), supplementation TMJ-OA. Interventions included induction hormone manipulations. Analyses serum levels, micro-CT, histomorphometry, immunohistochemistry, RT-qPCR for gene expression, statistical evaluations. ORX Ai-induced reductions in DHT caused bone loss, including decreased BV/TV trabecular thickness, increased spacing. MS further reduced cartilage Safranin O-positive areas, osteoclast counts. Matrix metalloproteinase-13(MMP13) a disintegrin metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 5 (ADAMTS5) levels highest + Ai groups. In contrast, restored activity, suppressed inflammatory markers (NFκB, Gremlin 1, RelA), BMP7 expression. The lower incidence males may result from testosterone being converted by adrenal aromatase, mitigating protecting via Gremlin-1-NF-κB pathway.

Language: Английский

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Improving TMJ Diagnosis: A Deep Learning Approach for Detecting Mandibular Condyle Bone Changes

Diagnostics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(8), P. 1022 - 1022

Published: April 17, 2025

Objectives: This paper evaluates the potential of using deep learning approaches for detection degenerative bone changes in mandibular condyle. The aim this study is to enable and diagnosis condyle degenerations, which are difficult observe diagnose on panoramic radiographs, methods. Methods: A total 3875 condylar images were obtained from radiographs. Condylar represented by flattening, osteophyte, erosion, two or more these observed labeled as "other". Due limited number containing osteophytes used. In first approach, erosion combined into "other" group, resulting three groups: normal, deformation ("deformation" encompasses together with osteophyte erosion). second completely excluded, other. utilizes a range advanced algorithms, including Dense Networks, Residual VGG Google pre-trained transfer techniques. Model performance was evaluated datasets different distributions, specifically 70:30 80:20 training-test splits. Results: GoogleNet architecture achieved highest accuracy. Specifically, split normal-flattening-deformation dataset Adamax optimizer, an accuracy 95.23% achieved. results demonstrate that CNN-based methods highly successful determining changes. Conclusions: demonstrates learning, particularly CNNs, accurate efficient TMJ-related approach could assist clinicians identifying patients requiring further intervention. Future research may involve cross-sectional imaging training right left condyles potentially increase success rate. has improve early changes, enabling timely referrals preventing disease progression.

Language: Английский

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