Investigating the Potential Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets of Inflammatory Cytokines in Post-stroke Depression

Molecular Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 61(1), P. 132 - 147

Published: Aug. 17, 2023

Language: Английский

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An emerging role of inflammasomes in spinal cord injury and spinal cord tumor

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: March 9, 2023

Spinal cord injury (SCI) and spinal tumor are devastating events causing structural functional impairment of the resulting in high morbidity mortality; these lead to a psychological burden financial pressure on patient. These damages likely disrupt sensory, motor, autonomic functions. Unfortunately, optimal treatment tumors is limited, molecular mechanisms underlying disorders unclear. The role inflammasome neuroinflammation diverse diseases becoming increasingly important. an intracellular multiprotein complex participates activation caspase-1 secretion pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1β IL-18. involved stimulation immune-inflammatory responses through release cytokines, thereby mediating further damage. In this review, we highlight inflammasomes SCI tumors. Targeting promising therapeutic strategy for

Language: Английский

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The Complex World of Kynurenic Acid: Reflections on Biological Issues and Therapeutic Strategy

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(16), P. 9040 - 9040

Published: Aug. 20, 2024

It has been unequivocally established that kynurenic acid a number of actions in variety cells and tissues, raising, principle, the possibility targeting its generation, metabolism or sites action to manipulate those effects beneficial therapeutic end. However, many basic aspects biology remain unclear, potentially leading some confusion misinterpretations data. They include questions source, targets, enzyme expression, endogenous concentrations action. This essay is intended raise discuss these as source reference for more balanced discussion. Those issues are followed by examples situations which modulating correcting production activity could bring significant benefit, including neurological psychiatric conditions, inflammatory diseases cell protection. More information required obtain clear overall view pharmacological environment relevant acid, especially with respect active kynurenine metabolites vivo changed levels disease. The data ideas presented here should permit greater confidence appreciating interaction under different local conditions pathologies, enhancing our understanding itself clinical manipulating pharmacology be value.

Language: Английский

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Brain Ischemic Tolerance Triggered by Preconditioning Involves Modulation of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α-Stimulated Gene 6 (TSG-6) in Mice Subjected to Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion

Current Issues in Molecular Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 46(9), P. 9970 - 9983

Published: Sept. 10, 2024

Ischemic preconditioning (PC) induced by a sub-lethal cerebral insult triggers brain tolerance against subsequent severe injury through diverse mechanisms, including the modulation of immune system. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-stimulated gene 6 (TSG-6), hyaluronate (HA)-binding protein, has recently been involved in regulation neuroimmune response following ischemic stroke. Thus, we aimed at assessing whether neuroprotective effects PC involve TSG-6 murine model transient middle artery occlusion (MCAo). The expression was significantly elevated cortex mice subjected to 1 h MCAo followed 24 reperfusion, while this effect further potentiated (

Language: Английский

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Characterization of the Involvement of Tumour Necrosis Factor (TNF)-α-Stimulated Gene 6 (TSG-6) in Ischemic Brain Injury Caused by Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Mouse

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(6), P. 5800 - 5800

Published: March 18, 2023

The identification of novel targets to modulate the immune response triggered by cerebral ischemia is crucial promote development effective stroke therapeutics. Since tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α-stimulated gene 6 (TSG-6), a hyaluronate (HA)-binding protein, involved in regulation and stromal cell functions acute neurodegeneration, we aimed characterize its involvement ischemic stroke. Transient middle artery occlusion (1 h MCAo, followed 48 reperfusion) mice resulted significant elevation TSG-6 protein levels, mainly localized neurons myeloid cells lesioned hemisphere. These were clearly infiltrating from blood, strongly suggesting that brain also affects periphery. Accordingly, mRNA expression was elevated peripheral blood mononuclear (PBMCs) patients after onset, higher plasma subjected 1 MCAo reperfusion. Surprisingly, levels reduced phase (i.e., within 24 when compared sham-operated mice, supporting hypothesis detrimental role early reperfusion stage. systemic administration recombinant mouse increased M2 marker Ym1, providing reduction infarct volume general neurological deficits transient MCAo. findings suggest pivotal pathobiology underscore clinical relevance further investigating mechanisms underlying immunoregulatory role.

Language: Английский

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Hyaluronan hydrates and compartmentalises the CNS/PNS extracellular matrix and provides niche environments conducive to the optimisation of neuronal activity

Journal of Neurochemistry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 166(4), P. 637 - 653

Published: July 26, 2023

Abstract The central nervous system/peripheral system (CNS/PNS) extracellular matrix is a dynamic and highly interactive space‐filling, cell‐supportive, matrix‐stabilising, hydrating entity that creates maintains tissue compartments to facilitate regional ionic micro‐environments micro‐gradients promote optimal neural cellular activity. CNS/PNS does not contain large supportive collagenous elastic fibrillar networks but dominated by high glycosaminoglycan content, predominantly hyaluronan (HA) collagen restricted the brain microvasculature, blood–brain barrier, neuromuscular junction meninges dura, arachnoid pia mater. Chondroitin sulphate‐rich proteoglycans (lecticans) with HA have stabilising roles in perineuronal nets contribute plasticity, memory cognitive processes. Hyaluronan also interacts sialoproteoglycan associated cones rods (SPACRCAN) stabilise interphotoreceptor has protective properties ensure photoreceptor viability function maintained. regulates myelination/re‐myelination networks. fragmentation been observed white matter injury, multiple sclerosis, traumatic injury. fragments (2 × 10 5 Da) regulate oligodendrocyte precursor cell maturation, myelination/remyelination, interact TLR4 initiate signalling cascades mediate myelin basic protein transcription. its regulatory over myelination which axonal neurotransduction rates are maintained Glioma particularly invasive tumour extremely mortality rates. HA, CD44 RHAMM (receptor for HA‐mediated motility) receptors expressed this tumour. Conventional anti‐glioma drug treatments largely ineffective surgical removal normally an option. glioma can potentially be used target gliomas PEP‐1, cell‐penetrating HA‐binding peptide. PEP‐1 conjugated therapeutic drug; such conjugates successfully treated dense non‐operative tumours other tissues, therefore similar applications warrant exploration as potential treatments. image

Language: Английский

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Epimedium flavonoids improve cerebral white matter lesions by inhibiting neuroinflammation and activating neurotrophic factor signal pathways in spontaneously hypertensive rats

International Immunopharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 139, P. 112683 - 112683

Published: July 16, 2024

Language: Английский

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POSTN promotes the progression of NSCLC via regulating TNFAIP6 expression

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 736, P. 150891 - 150891

Published: Oct. 24, 2024

Language: Английский

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