Neuropharmacology in the Molecular Epoch

Published: April 17, 2025

Language: Английский

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Pediatric suicide: Review of a preventable tragedy

Disease-a-Month, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 70(9), P. 101725 - 101725

Published: March 12, 2024

Language: Английский

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Identification of 5-HT_2AReceptor Signaling Pathways Responsible for Psychedelic Potential

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 31, 2023

Serotonergic psychedelics possess considerable therapeutic potential. Although 5-HT2A receptor activation mediates psychedelic effects, prototypical activate both 5-HT2A-Gq/11 and β-arrestin2 signaling, making their respective roles unclear. To elucidate this, we developed a series of 5-HT2A-selective ligands with varying Gq efficacies, including β-arrestin-biased ligands. We show that 5-HT2A-Gq but not 5-HT2A-β-arrestin2 efficacy predicts potential, assessed using head-twitch response (HTR) magnitude in male mice. further disrupting Gq-PLC signaling attenuates the HTR threshold level is required to induce psychedelic-like consistent fact certain partial agonists (e.g., lisuride) are non-psychedelic. Understanding role psychopharmacology permits rational development non-psychedelic agonists. also demonstrate downregulation tachyphylaxis, have an anti-psychotic-like behavioral profile. Overall, can be fine-tuned generate properties distinct from classical psychedelics.

Language: Английский

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EMBARK Psychedelic Therapy for Depression

Published: March 6, 2024

Abstract EMBARK Psychedelic Therapy for Depression: A New Approach the Whole Person is a comprehensive guidebook clinicians that presents novel therapeutic framework administering psychedelic medicines. The model was developed in response to growing interest medicines treating mental health disorders, particularly depression, and identified gaps existing models of psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT). conventional history PAT research has been criticized missing critical histories harm stories marginalized groups, highlighting need comprehensive, ethical, inclusive framework. Previous have found lack attentiveness body, focus on therapist-participant relationship, counseling spiritual experiences, ethical considerations. They also suffered from underdeveloped frames reliance single evidence-based, non-psychedelic approaches. addresses these shortcomings by offering transdiagnostic trans-drug approach adaptable various indications It built upon four Cornerstones Care: Trauma-Informed Care, Culturally Competent Ethically Rigorous Collective reflecting foundational belief efficacious treatment treatment. acronym points six Clinical Domains commonly emerge experiences: Existential-Spiritual, Mindfulness, Body Aware, Affective-Cognitive, Relational, Keeping Momentum. For twelve mechanisms change are outlined. provides guide clinical considerations factors, including therapist credentials, skills, presence, personal growth, experiential training, commitment receiving supervision, peer consultation, support as provider. incorporates evidence-based techniques an emerging evidence-base ongoing randomized controlled trials (RCTs). intended be open-sourced community development adaptation other (e.g., DMT, LSD, MDMA, ketamine) contexts (e.g. group therapy, conjoint/couples therapy), diverse populations LGBTQIA+ participants) inform practitioner trainings.

Language: Английский

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Efficacy and Safety of Four Psychedelic-Assisted Therapies for Adults with Symptoms of Depression, Anxiety, and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 16

Published: Nov. 15, 2023

There has been a resurgence in psychedelic research for managing psychiatric conditions recent years. This study aimed to present comprehensive review of the current state field by applying systematic search strategy articles on effectiveness and tolerability four psychedelic-assisted therapies (psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide [LSD], 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine [MDMA], ayahuasca) adults with symptoms depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Psychometric scores adverse events were pooled using random-effects meta-analysis models Hedges' g bias-corrected standardized mean differences (g) rate ratios (RR) 95% confidence intervals (CI). Bias evaluation followed PRISMA Cochrane guidelines. Eighteen studies identified, which suggested that well tolerated presented large effect size management depression transdiagnostic population psilocybin (g = -1.92, CI, −2.73 −1.11) MDMA -0.71; −1.39 −0.03). These are promising results complement literature. However, evidence certainty was low very due methodological limitations, small sample size, blinding, heterogeneity, publication bias. also highlight need more adequately powered exploring these novel therapies.

Language: Английский

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An Overview on the Hallucinogenic Peyote and Its Alkaloid Mescaline: The Importance of Context, Ceremony and Culture

Molecules, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 28(24), P. 7942 - 7942

Published: Dec. 5, 2023

Peyote (Lophophora williamsii) is a cactus that contains various biologically active alkaloids-such as pellotine, anhalonidine, hordenine and mescaline. Here, mescaline induces the psychoactive effects of peyote through activation serotonin 5-HT2A receptor subsequent release calcium (Ca2+) from endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Moreover, an evaluation therapeutic benefits also currently subject research. It important to consider outcome taking psychedelic drug strongly depends on mindset recipient context (set setting principle), including ceremonies culture. This overview serves summarise current state knowledge metabolism, mechanism action clinical application studies Furthermore, potential are presented in new light, example for combining form treatment embedded nature ritually enriched with our highly innovative Western medicine.

Language: Английский

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Introduction to the EMBARK Approach

Published: March 6, 2024

Abstract Chapter 2 provides a rationale for the EMBARK approach, therapeutic framework administering psychedelic medicines. The authors assess previous PAT models, highlighting their strengths and shortcomings. They identify gaps in areas such as attentiveness to body, attending relationship, counseling spiritual experiences, ethical considerations. chapter also discusses challenges associated with prior including (a) underdeveloped frames (b) single EBT-based approaches. approach is presented solution these challenges, offering flexible adaptable model therapy. an acronym, its six clinical domains are outlined: Existential–Spiritual, Mindfulness, Body-Aware, Affective–Cognitive, Relational, Keeping Momentum. built upon foundational belief that efficacious treatment treatment. It four cornerstones of care: Trauma-Informed Care, Culturally Competent Ethically Rigorous Collective care.

Language: Английский

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Preparation Sessions

Published: March 6, 2024

Abstract Chapter 5 outlines a preparation phase consisting of three 90-minute nondrug sessions. Preparation lays the groundwork for potential benefits across six EMBARK domains. The therapist’s aims in this include building trust, understanding participant’s experience depression, identifying participant intentions, and providing psychoeducation about psychedelic therapy. chapter provides concrete instructions sessions each clinical For example, therapist: (E) to create an environment that encourages profound spiritual experiences; (M) teaches techniques compassionate internal focus self-soothing; (B) fosters appreciation somatic practices; (A) openly receive their emotions beliefs; (R) strives cultivate therapeutic relationship characterized by safety, acceptance, empowerment while considering trauma history cultural context; (K) codevelops strategies promote continuity gains. Three session agendas are provided.

Language: Английский

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Bringing It Home and Carrying It Forward

Published: March 6, 2024

Abstract Chapter 8 concludes the book with a reflection on intense and meaningful journey of providing psychedelic-assisted therapy. It acknowledges book’s aim to provide comprehensive guide practicing psychedelic therapy, rooted in best available evidence ethical considerations. The chapter points future opportunities field, including shift from treatment-focused approach more integrated conceptualization treatment process. raises important questions about use psychedelics mental health care, suggesting that they may be suited promoting overall well-being than simply reducing symptoms. also discusses but overlooked role community support explores question what collective changes would integration therapy into our culture’s healing. Future directions for EMBARK research practice are outlined. by honoring reader’s interest

Language: Английский

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Considerations Prior to Meeting With a Participant

Published: March 6, 2024

Abstract Chapter 4 provides a comprehensive guide to the considerations and treatment factors that should be attended prior initiating psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT). It discusses importance of therapists’ credentials, competencies, skills, personal growth, experiential training, psychedelic experiences, commitment receiving supervision, peer support as provider. cultivating therapeutic presence using two illustrative EMBARK acronyms: CUSHION FRAZZLE. The chapter also need for thorough screening medical psychiatric conditions, contraindications with other medications, overall suitability. includes section on consideration controversies regarding use touch in therapy, exploring both historical current perspectives. An “enhanced consent” “double process is recommended. addresses setup physical space, creation appropriate music playlists, attendance cultural factors, working dyads, when involving providers participant’s family members.

Language: Английский

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