Therapeutic role of gut microbiota in lung injury-related cognitive impairment

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Feb. 13, 2025

Lung injury can lead to specific neurocognitive dysfunction, and the “triple-hit” phenomenon may be key theoretical mechanism for progressive impairment of lung injury-related cognitive impairment. The brain communicate biologically through immune regulation pathway, hypoxic neural circuit, mitochondrial microbial influence, which is called “lung-brain axis.” gut microbiota a highly complex community microorganisms that reside in with via “gut-lung dysregulation migration pathogenic bacteria lung, directly or indirectly regulate response their metabolites, cause aggravate injury. interact “gut-brain influence function behavior pathway mechanisms, hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis regulation. Based on axis” axis,” combined mechanisms caused by injury, we proposed hypothesis. It states pathophysiological changes trigger series events such as disorder, inflammatory responses, changes, activate “lung-gut thus forming leads development deterioration This hypothesis provides more comprehensive framework studying understanding dysfunction context review proposes existence an interactive tandem network information exchange among gut, brain, referred “gut-lung-brain further explores potential multiple interactions We found there are many numerous factors interaction within impact functions related mediated hypothesis, direct translocation microbes modulation, vagal nerve activity, HPA regulation, others. As research deepens, based it discovered therapy significantly change pathogenesis process also relieve therapeutically modulate behavior. perspective new idea follow-up treatment microbiota.

Language: Английский

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The Body, the Brain, the Environment, and Parkinson’s Disease

Journal of Parkinson s Disease, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 363 - 381

Published: April 9, 2024

The brain- and body-first models of Lewy body disorders predict that aggregated alpha-synuclein pathology usually begins in either the olfactory system or enteric nervous system. In both scenarios seems to arise structures are closely connected outside world. Environmental toxicants, including certain pesticides, industrial chemicals, air pollution therefore plausible trigger mechanisms for Parkinson’s disease dementia with bodies. Here, we propose toxicants inhaled through nose can lead pathological changes subsequently spread give rise a brain-first subtype disease. Similarly, ingested pass gut cause then extends via parasympathetic sympathetic pathways ultimately produce subtype. resulting be tracked by development symptoms, clinical assessments, vivo imaging, examination. integration environmental exposures into generates testable hypotheses, on prevalence conditions, their future incidence, imaging patterns, signatures. proposed link, though, has limitations leaves many questions unanswered, such as role skin, influence microbiome, effects ongoing exposures. Despite these limitations, interaction exogenous factors may explain mysteries open door toward ultimate goal –prevention.

Language: Английский

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Parasite infections: how inflammation alters brain function

Trends in Parasitology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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The Impact of Pulmonary Disorders on Neurological Health (Lung-Brain Axis)

Immune Network, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(3)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

The brain and lungs, vital organs in the body, play essential roles maintaining overall well-being survival. These interact through complex sophisticated bi-directional pathways known as 'lung-brain axis', facilitated by their close proximity neural connections. Numerous studies have underscored mediation of lung-brain axis inflammatory responses hypoxia-induced damage, which are pivotal to progression both pulmonary neurological diseases. This review aims delve into how diseases, including acute/chronic airway diseases conditions, can instigate disorders such stroke, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease. Additionally, we highlight emerging research on lung microbiome which, drawing parallels between gut lungs terms contents, may a significant role modulating health. Ultimately, this paves way for exciting avenues future therapeutics addressing respiratory

Language: Английский

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The Lung Microbiome in COPD and Lung Cancer: Exploring the Potential of Metal-Based Drugs

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(15), P. 12296 - 12296

Published: Aug. 1, 2023

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer 17 are two of the most prevalent debilitating respiratory diseases worldwide, both associated with high morbidity mortality rates. As major global health concerns, they impose a substantial burden on patients, healthcare systems, society at large. Despite their distinct aetiologies, COPD share common risk factors, clinical features, pathological pathways, which have spurred increasing research interest in co-occurrence. One area particular is role microbiome development progression these diseases, including transition from to cancer. Exploring novel therapeutic strategies, such as metal-based drugs, offers potential avenue for targeting improve patient outcomes. This review aims provide an overview current understanding microbiome, emphasis cancer, discuss drugs strategy conditions, specifically concerning microbiome.

Language: Английский

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A novel interplay between bacteria and metabolites in different early-stage lung cancer: an integrated microbiome and metabolome analysis

Frontiers in Oncology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Jan. 7, 2025

The carcinogenesis mechanism of early-stage lung cancer (ESLC) remains unclear. Microbial dysbiosis is closely related to tumor development. This study aimed analyze the relationship between microbiota in ESLC. We investigated a total 108 surgical specimens nodules, including ground glass nodules (GGN) diagnosed as adenocarcinoma (n = 25), solid (SN) 27), squamous carcinoma (LUSC) presenting 26), and benign pulmonary (BPD) 30) that were collected. 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing non-targeted metabolomics analysis performed all specimens. found significantly lower richness SN than GGN LUSC. Ralstonia may be an important flora promoting development early adenocarcinoma, while Feacalibacterium Blautia play protective role progression SN. Akkermansia, Escherichia-shigella, Klebsiella exhibited high abundance carcinoma. Compared with BPD, differential metabolites both adenocarcinomas (SN GGN) are mainly involved energy metabolic pathways, LUSC glutathione metabolism, producing maintaining levels intracellular redox homeostasis. A correlation revealed different function metabolism via N-acetyl-1-aspartylglutamic acid (NAAG) when compared creatine N-acetylmethionine main relevant molecules for Our identified differ microbial composition status. Conversely, metabolism. provides new insights into

Language: Английский

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Comparison of Respiratory Microbiomes in Influenza Versus Other Respiratory Infections: Systematic Review and Analysis

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(2), P. 778 - 778

Published: Jan. 17, 2025

Studies have indicated the potential importance of human nasal and respiratory microbiomes in health disease. However, roles these pathogenesis influenza its complications are not fully understood. Therefore, objective this systematic review analysis is to identify patterns microbiome dysbiosis define unique signature bacteria associated with compared other tract infections. We composition between patients healthy controls; across different severities; adult versus pediatric patients; as well The desired outcomes include each cohort Shannon index reflect alpha diversity. Of 2269 articles identified, 31 studies fulfilled inclusion criteria. These investigated influenza, COVID-19, pneumonia, infections, chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Our revealed that phylum Firmicutes Actinobacteria, genus Actinomyces, Streptococcus Granulicatella, species Neisseria more prominent severe than mild moderate influenza. Reduced diversity noted controls. There some similarities differences patients, e.g., common both age groups, whereas Pseudomonas adults. Intriguingly, there a predominance among pneumonia patients. COVID-19 exhibit an increased abundance Pseudomonas. In CRS Proteobacteria Haemophilus found high abundance. This highlights their organisms varying severity groups infections enhances our understanding underlying pathogenic mechanisms.

Language: Английский

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Characterization of Lung Microbiome in Subclinical Pneumonic Thai Pigs Using 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing

Animals, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 410 - 410

Published: Feb. 2, 2025

Bacterial respiratory disease is one of the major concerns in modern pig industry. To address limitations culture-based methods, 16S rRNA sequencing was employed to characterize lung microbiome gain a better understanding microbial physiology and their population genetics. A batch 510 slaughtered pigs from farm located Lampang province, Thailand, selected. Individual weight recorded. total 24 lungs (10 normal 14 pneumonic lungs) were sampled for gross lesion examination communities investigated. Poor growth performance uniformity denoted this batch. Several pathogenic bacteria detected both lungs. Microbial diversity decreased group. PCoA NMDS analysis showed clear separation between groups. Stenotrophomonas spp. (42.12%) dominant genus identified lungs, while Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (71.97%) most abundant correlating with commonly observed consolidation lesions. The slaughterhouse serves as key checkpoint gathering comprehensive information on health, representative lower tract microbiomics. Monitoring lesions should be implemented routinely regional health.

Language: Английский

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Interactions of physical activity and lung function on cognitive health in older adults: Joint association and mediation analysis

The Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer s Disease, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100090 - 100090

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Maintaining cognitive health in old adults has become a significant public challenge, with lung function and physical activity (PA) as essential modifiable factors. However, the joint mediation effects of these two factors cognition remain unclear. This study assesses association PA cognition. We utilized cross-sectional data from 2011-2012 U.S. National Health Nutrition Examination Survey, including aged 60-79 assessed for function, PA, Lung included forced expiratory volume one second (FEV1), vital capacity (FVC), peak flow (PEF) FEV1/FVC. was using Global Physical Activity Questionnaire, covering occupational (OPA), transportation-related (TPA), leisure-time (LTPA). Cognition evaluated Digit Symbol Substitution Test, Animal Fluency Delayed Recall Test Immediate Test. Weighted multiple linear regression models were used to analyze separate associations cognition, while also exploring potential between A total 927 participants, representing 35,525,782 residents, included, weighted median age 65 (IQR, 63 -71) years, 53.6 % female. The results showed positive FEV1, FVC, PEF all positively correlated, FEV1/FVC no notable link. Further analysis revealed best performance observed participants active LTPA highest quartile indicating Mediation indicated that mediated 24.1 (95 %CI: 6.3 - 47.0 %, P = 0.03) relationship 10.2 0.5 27.0 0.04) function. may have bidirectional relationship. combination better strongly associated higher highlighting need strengthen exercise focused on maintain older adults.

Language: Английский

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Spontaneous lung colonization in the cystic fibrosis rat model is linked to gastrointestinal obstruction

mBio, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 5, 2025

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disease caused by mutations in the cystic transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene, resulting CFTR protein dysfunction. dysfunction has multi-organ consequences, leading to dehydrated mucus that adherent epithelia. In lungs, this leads recalcitrant infections with bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. gut, mucus-laden feces can adhere intestines, distal intestinal obstruction syndrome (DIOS). There limited information on how lung colonization and DIOS are correlated people CF (pwCF). novel work, we describe development of spontaneous pathogens young (<3 months old) rats, preceding DIOS. Once established, microbiome becomes predominated taxa also observed feces. Induced infection P. aeruginosa rats reflects data found pwCF, once infected, they retain higher relative abundance than their healthy agemates. Finally, ivacaftor treatment favors healthier gut decreasing Escherichia coli. These results indicate rat model recapitulative human traditional maintenance after induced infection. Furthermore, these possible role for gut-lung axis CF.IMPORTANCEThese first time model, hallmark aspect disease. We find infected maintain following chronic compared similar those seen CF. Additionally, contribution linking health syndrome, relationship largely unexplored context

Language: Английский

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