Thyroid Stimulating Hormone and Thyroid Hormones (Triiodothyronine and Thyroxine): An American Thyroid Association-Commissioned Review of Current Clinical and Laboratory Status

Thyroid, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33(9), P. 1013 - 1028

Published: Sept. 1, 2023

Background: Despite being the most performed laboratory endocrine investigation, optimum use of thyroid tests (thyrotropin [TSH] and hormone [TH] measurement) is open to question interpretation results from these can be ambiguous. The American Thyroid Association (ATA) with its expertise support endeavor U.S. Centers for Disease Control (CDC) International Federation Clinical Chemistry Laboratory Medicine (IFCC) improve maintain standardization harmonization testing. ATA mandated an international interdisciplinary working group panel survey status testing by reviewing recent literature revise or update criteria as needed in mutual agreement inform clinical care. Summary: This review represents conclusions on current routine TSH TH (thyroxine [T4] triiodothyronine [T3]) assays, taking into account geographic differences disease prevalence practice among writing members. interaction between physiological, pathophysiological, pharmacological factors assays affect their measurements confound result interpretation. These need considered context patient appropriate test ordering significant advances methods over past 50 years, remain susceptible idiosyncratic analytical interference that may produce spurious results. Improved needs demonstrated through ongoing efforts before different equivalent. Emerging technology (e.g., mass spectrometry) shows promise improved performance, but more evidence utility throughput required it use. Close clinical–laboratory collaboration encouraged overcome avoid pitfalls well resolve clinically discrepant base supporting this summarized four detailed online technical supplements. Conclusions: Over five decades, TSH, T4, T3 has evolved manual radioisotopic immunoassays nonisotopic multiplexed immunometric using highly automated equipment. advances, physicians laboratorians performing analyses must understand limitations properly order interpret

Language: Английский

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Obesity, Dietary Patterns, and Hormonal Balance Modulation: Gender-Specific Impacts

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(11), P. 1629 - 1629

Published: May 26, 2024

Understanding the intricate relationship between nutrition, hormonal balance, and gender-specific factors is crucial for developing targeted interventions to mitigate obesity-related endocrine disruptions improve metabolic health. This narrative review examines impact of various dietary patterns on regulation in both men women, focusing their effects balance health context obesity. Calorie restriction, Western diet, high-fat diets, low-CHO plant-based Mediterranean diet are analyzed relation influence Future research directions include investigating specific mechanisms underlying influences regulation, addressing differences body fat distribution, exploring needs individuals undergoing gender transition. Personalized tailored individual profiles essential optimizing outcomes across spectrum. By integrating considerations into recommendations, healthcare professionals can better support achieving optimal balance.

Language: Английский

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The Role of Nutrition on Thyroid Function

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(15), P. 2496 - 2496

Published: July 31, 2024

Thyroid function is closely linked to nutrition through the diet–gut–thyroid axis. This narrative review highlights influence of nutritional components and micronutrients on thyroid development function, as well gut microbiota. Micronutrients such iodine, selenium, iron, zinc, copper, magnesium, vitamin A, B12 hormone synthesis regulation throughout life. Dietary changes can alter microbiota, leading not just dysbiosis micronutrient deficiency but also in immunological regulation, nutrient absorption, epigenetic changes. Nutritional imbalance lead dysfunction and/or disorders, hypothyroidism hyperthyroidism, possibly contribute autoimmune diseases cancer, yet controversial issues. Understanding these relationships important rationalize a balanced diet rich essential for maintaining health preventing thyroid-related diseases. The synthetic comprehensive overview current knowledge shows importance microbiota uncovers potential gaps that require further investigation.

Language: Английский

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Elemental composition and nutritional values of chocolate bars available in Turkish markets: An integrated health risk assessment study

Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 135, P. 106629 - 106629

Published: Aug. 8, 2024

Language: Английский

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Rapid and selective removal of radioactive iodide ions from wastewater via bismuth-based metal-organic frameworks

Journal of environmental chemical engineering, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(1), P. 111906 - 111906

Published: Jan. 10, 2024

Language: Английский

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Selenium in cancer management: exploring the therapeutic potential

Frontiers in Oncology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Jan. 7, 2025

Selenium (Se) is important and plays significant roles in many biological processes or physiological activities. Prolonged selenium deficiency has been conclusively linked to an elevated risk of various diseases, including but not limited cancer, cardiovascular disease, inflammatory bowel Keshan acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The intricate relationship between status health outcomes believed be characterized by a non-linear U-shaped dose-response curve. This review delves into the significance maintaining optimal levels detrimental effects that can arise from deficiency. Of particular interest role both prevention treatment cancer. Finally, this also explores diverse classes entities, encompassing selenoproteins, compounds nanoparticles, while examining mechanisms molecular targets their anticancer efficacy.

Language: Английский

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Relationship between Iron Deficiency and Thyroid Function: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(22), P. 4790 - 4790

Published: Nov. 15, 2023

Objective: Iron deficiency (ID) is the most prevalent nutritional worldwide. Low levels of serum ferritin (SF) could affect thyroid gland and its functioning. The purpose this systematic review meta-analysis to summarize main currently available evidence analyze data on relationship between ID function. Methods: This study included all articles evaluating Quality assessment was performed using Cambridge Checklists. search strategy following combination Medical Subjects Headings terms keywords: “iron deficiency”, “thyroid function”, disease”, dysfunction”, “hypothyroidism”. A evaluate whether stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4), triiodothyronine (FT3) differed patients with healthy controls without ID. For statistical comparison cases controls, mean difference (MD) calculated, a subgroup analysis pregnant non-pregnant women performed. Cochran’s Q testing heterogeneity indices (I2) were used assess heterogeneity. Sensitivity publication bias analyses also performed, both qualitatively quantitatively. Finally, meta-regression correlation TSH or FT4 SF in population. Results: Ten cross-sectional studies identified reviewed. Patients showed (MD: −0.24 mIU/L; 95% CI −0.41, −0.07; I2 = 100%, p 0.005), −1.18 pmol/L; −1.43, −0.94; 99%, < 0.000001), FT3 −0.22 −0.32, −0.12; 0.00001) that significantly lower. Subgroup confirmed lower TSH, FT4, women. Non-pregnant but no values. Meta-regression positively correlated levels. Our literature found increases prevalence autoantibody (anti-thyroglobulin antibodies anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies) positivity individually collectively. Conclusion: Studies published indicate possible ID, function, autoimmunity, especially some patient groups. Data shows are and, particular, Further needed understand role played by iron metabolism.

Language: Английский

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Nano-selenium (nano-Se) removes the detrimental impacts of plant-based diets on the production performance and well-being of common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Aquaculture Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36, P. 102107 - 102107

Published: April 22, 2024

Fishmeal (FM) is not a sustainable source of nutrients due to the over-exploitation fisheries resources and increasing aquafeed costs. Plant protein (PP) sources have been utilized as FM alternatives in diets. A 60-day nutritional experiment was conducted study effects complete replacement with PP ingredients diets supplemented nano-Se on growth performance, plasma physiological immunological parameters, liver antioxidant capacity common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Five experimental were prepared, where FM-Control contained 35 % FM, PP-Control ingredients, NSe1, NSe2, Nse3 1, 2, 3 mg/kg nano-Se, respectively. The performance fish fed NSe3 higher than group (P < 0.05). best feed conversion efficiency ratios detected but significantly different from > While highest levels including reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, diet, lowest malondialdehyde concentration measured Plasma lysozyme activity, alternative complement total immunoglobulin groups other parameters aspartate aminotransferase, alanine alkaline phosphatase, cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, protein, triiodothyronine (T3), high-density lipoprotein observed These results suggest that can be entirely substituted by containing at without harmful impacts immunity carp.

Language: Английский

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The association between serum copper concentration and prevalence of diabetes among US adults with hypertension (NHANES 2011–2016)

Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 28(8)

Published: April 1, 2024

Abstract The objective of this study was to examine the association between serum copper concentration and prevalence diabetes among US adults with hypertension using data from National Health Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). population selected aged over 20 years old in three survey cycles NHANES 2011 2016. Logistic regression model analyses were applied determine independent risky effect diabetes. Also, a restricted cubic spline (RCS) performed explore potential nonlinear A total 1786 subjects (742 cases 1044 controls) included, 924 men (51.7%), 742 (41.5%) diabetic. Compared non‐diabetic individuals, diabetic patients higher. After adjusting for age, sex, race, education, marital status, body mass index (BMI), family poverty income ratio (PIR), smoking, alcohol drinking, physical activity, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic (DBP), hyperlipidemia, highest quartile significantly increased risk as compared lowest (OR: 1.38, 95% CI: 1.01–1.92, p trend = 0.036). results RCS analysis showed significant non‐linear relationship ( ‐non‐linear 0.010). This finds that are associated hypertensive patients, which suggests an important factor development.

Language: Английский

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Relationship between gut microbiota and thyroid function: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Sept. 26, 2023

Numerous observational studies have indicated a link between the composition of gut microbiota and thyroid function. Nevertheless, precise causal relationship function remains uncertain.In this two-sample Mendelian randomization study, we utilized summary data from genome-wide association study in 18,340 participants 24 cohorts, as well statistics on hormones thyroid-stimulating hormone ThyroidOmics Consortium hypothyroidism hyperthyroidism FinnGen R8 release. Five different methods, including inverse variance weighting, MR-Egger, weighted median, mode, simple were employed to examine Reverse analysis was conducted for taxa identified having with analysis. To assess robustness results, sensitivity analyses employing Cochran's Q test, MR-Egger intercept MR-PRESSO global leave-one-out analysis.Through MR 211 microbial 4 phenotypes, total 34 that associated outcomes. After using bonferroni method multiple testing correction, phylum Actinobacteria (id.400) had protective effect (OR=0.883, 95% CI: 0.817-0.955, P=0.002), class Deltaproteobacteria (id.3087) (OR=0.549, 0.374-0.805, P=0.002). According results reverse analysis, no significant four phenotypes found microbiota. No horizontal pleiotropy detected based test test.Through specific at genetic level are predicted function, which may serve useful biomarkers early disease diagnosis.

Language: Английский

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