Applications of SGLT2 inhibitors beyond glycaemic control

Nature Reviews Nephrology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 20(8), P. 513 - 529

Published: April 26, 2024

Language: Английский

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Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and their potential role in dementia onset and cognitive function in patients with diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 73, P. 101131 - 101131

Published: Feb. 16, 2024

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the association between use of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors dementia onset as well cognitive function in patients with diabetes mellitus. We comprehensively searched MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL databases select relevant studies published up August 2023. The SGLT-2 significantly lowers risk compared SGLT-2i non-users (Hazard ratio: 0.68, 95 % CI: 0.50-0.92). Furthermore, our findings indicated a positive effect inhibitor on score improvement, demonstrated by standardized mean difference 0.88 (95 0.32-1.44), particularly among populations mild impairment or dementia. indicate potential role reducing These underscore need for well-controlled large clinical trials future research this field.

Language: Английский

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Activation of SIRT1 by SRT1720 Alleviates Dyslipidemia, Improves Insulin Sensitivity and Exhibits Liver-Protective Effects in Diabetic Rats on a High-Fat Diet: New Insights into the SIRT1/Nrf2/NFκB Signaling Pathway

European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 206, P. 107002 - 107002

Published: Jan. 6, 2025

Insulin resistance and diabetes are associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) steatohepatitis (NASH) conditions, which distinguished by metabolic dysfunction, oxidative stress inflammation. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), a NAD

Language: Английский

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The Role of SGLT2-Inhibitors Across All Stages of Heart Failure and Mechanisms of Early Clinical Benefit: From Prevention to Advanced Heart Failure

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(3), P. 608 - 608

Published: March 3, 2025

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), initially developed as antihyperglycemic agents, have revolutionized heart failure (HF) management, offering substantial benefits across all stages and phenotypes of the disease. Regardless left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), these agents proven efficacy in both chronic acute HF presentations. This review explores SGLT2i applications spanning continuum, from early (Stage A) at-risk individuals to mitigation progression advanced D). Evidence numerous trials has shown that significantly lower rates hospitalization, improve renal function, decreases cardiovascular mortality, highlighting their multifaced mechanisms action care. also highlights potential by which exert beneficial effects on systems, each contributing sustained clinical improvements. However, integration into guideline-directed medical therapy poses practical challenges, including initiation timing, dosing, monitoring, are addressed support effective treatment adaptation patient populations. Ultimately, this provides a comprehensive assessment foundational HF, emphasizing role an intervention multiple aimed at improving outcomes entire spectrum.

Language: Английский

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Comparative Effectiveness of SGLT2 Inhibitors and GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Preventing Alzheimer's Disease, Vascular Dementia, and Other Dementia Types Among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Diabetes & Metabolism, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 101623 - 101623

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Cardiovascular therapeutic targets of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors beyond heart failure

Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 270, P. 108861 - 108861

Published: April 15, 2025

Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are oral antidiabetic agents that have shown significant improvements in cardiovascular and renal outcomes among patients with heart failure (HF), regardless of diabetic status, establishing them as a cornerstone therapy. In addition to glycemic control the osmotic diuretic effect, inhibition SGLT2 improves endothelial function vasodilation, optimizing myocardial energy metabolism preserving cardiac contractility. Moreover, may exhibit anti-inflammatory properties attenuate acute ischemia/reperfusion injury, thereby reducing infarct size, enhancing left ventricular function, mitigating arrhythmias. These pleiotropic effects demonstrated efficacy across various conditions, ranging from chronic coronary syndromes extending arrhythmias, valvular disease, cardiomyopathies, cardio-oncology, cerebrovascular disease. This review provides an overview current literature on potential mechanisms underlying effectiveness wide range diseases beyond HF.

Language: Английский

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Diabetes Mellitus Secondary to Endocrine Diseases: An Update of Diagnostic and Treatment Particularities

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(16), P. 12676 - 12676

Published: Aug. 11, 2023

Secondary diabetes mellitus is frequently ignored in specialized literature. In this narrative review, the main endocrinopathies accompanied by increased glycemic values are identified, as well mechanisms which excess or deficiency of certain hormones impact beta cell function insulin resistance. The (acromegaly, Cushing’s syndrome, Basedow–Graves’ disease, pheochromocytoma, somatostatinoma and glucagonoma) their characteristics described along with hormone changes on blood sugar, body mass index other parameters associated diabetes. overall information regarding complex molecular that cause risk secondary metabolic syndrome crucial importance order to prevent development disease its complications particularly reduce cardiovascular these patients. purpose study highlight particular features endocrine pathologies an developing diabetes, context personalized therapeutic decision making. epidemiological, physiopathological, clinical approaches presented screening for diseases.

Language: Английский

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SGLT2 inhibitors: a novel therapy for cognitive impairment via multifaceted effects on the nervous system

Translational Neurodegeneration, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Aug. 9, 2024

The rising prevalence of diabetes mellitus has casted a spotlight on one its significant sequelae: cognitive impairment. Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, originally developed for management, are increasingly studied their benefits. These benefits may include reduction oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, decrease amyloid burdens, enhancement neuronal plasticity, improved cerebral glucose utilization. multifaceted effects the relatively favorable side-effect profile SGLT2 inhibitors render them promising therapeutic candidate disorders. Nonetheless, application impairment is not without limitations, necessitating more comprehensive research to fully determine potential treatment. In this review, we discuss role in neural function, elucidate diabetes-cognition nexus, synthesize current knowledge based animal studies clinical evidence. Research gaps proposed spur further investigation.

Language: Английский

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Obesity: the perfect storm for heart failure

ESC Heart Failure, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(4), P. 1841 - 1860

Published: March 15, 2024

Abstract Obesity condition causes morphological and functional alterations involving the cardiovascular system. These can represent substrates for different diseases, such as atrial fibrillation, coronary artery disease, sudden cardiac death, heart failure (HF) with both preserved ejection fraction (EF) reduced EF. Different pathogenetic mechanisms may help to explain association between obesity HF including left ventricular remodelling epicardial fat accumulation, endothelial dysfunction, microvascular dysfunction. Multi‐imaging modalities are required appropriate recognition of subclinical systolic dysfunction typically associated obesity, echocardiography being most cost‐effective technique. Therapeutic approach in patients is challenging, particularly regarding EF which few strategies high level evidence available. Weight loss extreme importance HF, a primary therapeutic intervention. Sodium–glucose co‐transporter‐2 inhibitors have been recently introduced novel tool management patients. The present review aims at analysing recent studies supporting pathogenesis, diagnosis, HF.

Language: Английский

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Effect of supplementation with probiotics or synbiotics on cardiovascular risk factors in patients with metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Jan. 8, 2024

Purpose The effectiveness of probiotics or synbiotics in adults with metabolic syndromes (MetS) remains controversial, this meta-analysis will further analyze the effects on cardiovascular factors MetS. Methods We searched Web Science, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and other databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) MetS up to July 2023, used RevMan 5.4.0 software statistical analysis. Results This analysis included eleven RCTs (n = 608 participants), results showed that compared control group, supplementation reduced body mass index (weighted mean difference, WMD -0.83, 95% CI [-1.21, -0.44], P <0.0001, n 9), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-c) (standard SMD -0.24, [-0.41, -0.08], 0.004, 10), fasting blood glucose (FBG)(SMD -0.17, [-0.33, -0.01], 0.03, 11), but had no beneficial effect systolic pressure (SBP) (WMD 1.24, [-2.06, 4.54], 0.46, 8) patients. Conclusion Supplementation can reduce BMI, LDL-c, FBG patients MetS, our findings did not demonstrate a favorable reducing SBP. Future studies larger samples longer intervention periods are needed.

Language: Английский

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