Advancing Brain Organoid Electrophysiology: Minimally Invasive Technologies for Comprehensive Characterization

Advanced Materials Technologies, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 8, 2025

Abstract Human brain organoids, which originate from pluripotent stem cells, serve as valuable tools for a wide range of research endeavors, replicating function. Their capacity to replicate cellular interactions, morphology, and division provides invaluable insights into development, disease modeling, drug screening. However, conventional morphological analysis methods are often invasive lack real‐time monitoring capabilities, posing limitations achieving comprehensive understanding. Therefore, advancing the comprehension organoid electrophysiology necessitates development minimally measurement technologies with long‐term, high‐resolution capabilities. This review highlights significance human organoids emphasizes need electrophysiological characterization. It delves assessment methods, particularly focusing on 3D microelectrode arrays, electrode insertion mechanisms, importance flexible arrays facilitate recordings. Additionally, various sensors tailored monitor properties introduced, enriching understanding their chemical, thermal, mechanical dynamics.

Language: Английский

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Emerging biophysical techniques for probing synaptic transmission in neurodegenerative disorders

Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 565, P. 63 - 79

Published: Nov. 26, 2024

Language: Английский

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Effects of Dietary Methionine Restriction on Cognition in Mice

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(23), P. 4950 - 4950

Published: Nov. 29, 2023

Dietary restriction of the essential amino acid, methionine, has been shown to induce unique metabolic protection. The peripheral benefits methionine (MR) are well established and include improvements in metabolic, energy, inflammatory, lifespan parameters preclinical models. These all occur despite MR increasing energy intake, making an attractive dietary intervention for prevention or reversal many chronic conditions. New emerging evidence suggests that also brain promotes cognitive health. Despite widespread interest over past few decades, findings limited scope, gaps remain our understanding its comprehensive effects on cognition. This review details current literature investigating impact cognition various mouse models, highlights some key mechanisms responsible benefits, identifies should be addressed research moving forward. Overall indicate animal is associated with protection against obesity-, age-, Alzheimer’s disease-induced impairments learning memory depend different regions, including prefrontal cortex, amygdala, hippocampus. likely mediated by increases fibroblast growth factor 21, alterations metabolism pathways, reductions neuroinflammation central oxidative stress, potentially gut microbiome, mitochondrial function, synaptic plasticity.

Language: Английский

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Neuronal Plasma Membranes as Supramolecular Assemblies for Biological Memory

Langmuir, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 18, 2025

Biological memory is the ability to develop, retain, and retrieve information over time. Currently, it widely accepted that memories are stored in synapses (i.e., connections between brain cells throughout brain) through a process known as synaptic plasticity, which leads either long-term potentiation (LTP) or depression (LTD). However, strengthening weakening (LTD) of involve post-translational modifications neural networks requiring de novo gene expression, lengthy energetically expensive process. Recently, we observed lipid bilayers absence peptides/proteins capable LTP, not unlike what has been mammals birds. As such, this finding prompted us postulate bilayer provides good model for understanding molecular basis biological memory. In article, discuss status, challenges, opportunities neuronal plasma membranes structures learning, therapeutic targets various disorders, platforms network developments.

Language: Английский

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An overview of extracellular field potentials: Different potentiation and measurable components, interpretations, and hippocampal synaptic activity models

Methods, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Late-Stage Activation of Toll-like receptor 3 Alleviates Cognitive Impairment and Neuropathology in an Alzheimer’s Disease Mouse Model

Molecular Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 28, 2025

This study was to investigate the effects of Toll-like receptor-3 (TLR3) activation on cognitive impairment and neuropathology in late-stage Alzheimer's disease a mouse model. Amyloid protein precursor (APP)/presenilin-1 (PSEN1) (APP/PSEN1) mice were treated with Poly (I:C), specific for TLR3. A panel neurobehavioral tests conducted evaluate their functions. Aβ deposition, plasma levels, neuropathological changes, TLR3- TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β (TRIF) signaling assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), electrophysiological recordings, transmission electron microscopy, Western blotting, immunofluorescence staining, qPCR. The data demonstrated that (I:C) significantly attenuated impairments, compared APP/PSEN1 without treatment. Administration reduced brain Aβ1-42 deposition levels Aβ1-40 peripheral blood. In addition, treatment up-regulated expression anti-inflammatory factors inhibited pro-inflammatory factors. indicated systemic application TLR3 agonist Poly(I:C) damage, improved function, underlying mechanism might attribute up-regulation p-IRF3 increases inhibition p-NF-κB reduces

Language: Английский

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Physical insights into biological memory using phospholipid membranes

The European Physical Journal E, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 47(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Propionic acid affects the synaptic architecture of rat hippocampus and prefrontal cortex

Micron, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 181, P. 103624 - 103624

Published: March 4, 2024

Language: Английский

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Increasing Ambient GABA Levels in the Hippocampus to Improve Cognition in a Mouse Model of Schizophrenia: A Research Protocol

Undergraduate Research in Natural and Clinical Science and Technology (URNCST) Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8(5), P. 1 - 12

Published: May 23, 2024

Introduction: Schizophrenia is a complex psychiatric disorder characterized by cognitive, positive, and negative symptoms, with cognitive impairments significantly affecting learning, memory, executive functions. The hippocampus, particularly the CA1 region, critical area of interest due to its role in learning memory dysfunction schizophrenia. This protocol explores effects increasing ambient Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) levels region on functions Methylazoxymethanol Acetate (MAM) model Methods: Utilizing two-by-two factorial design, male Sprague-Dawley rats undergo either sham or MAM treatment, followed control GABA modulation intervention. study will employ transporter inhibitor Tiagabine increase assess impact neuronal excitability function. Behavioural assessments include Morris water maze Attentional set-shifting test evaluate spatial flexibility. Histological examinations electrophysiological measurements provide insights into structural functional changes hippocampus. Results: results are expected demonstrate neurodevelopmental disruptions MAM-treated offspring improvements performance following modulation. Enhanced flexibility anticipated modulation, as evidenced test. Electrophysiological recordings likely show increased tonic inhibition region. Discussion: aims extend understanding schizophrenia treatment. By focusing research could offer novel therapeutic strategies for schizophrenia, especially enhancing However, translational applicability intracerebral administration uptake inhibitors like poses significant challenge, highlighting need future more clinically viable methods Conclusion: was designed contribute research, developing potential targeting GABAergic system. proposed findings pave way treatments, improving quality life individuals

Language: Английский

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Hysteresis and bistability in synaptic transmission modeled as a chain of biochemical reactions with a positive feedback

Nonlinear Analysis Modelling and Control, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 746 - 761

Published: June 25, 2024

In this paper, we employ computational analysis to investigate the long-term potentiation (LTP) and memory formation in synapses between neurons. We use a mathematical model describing synaptic transmission as signal transduction pathway with positive feedback loop formed by diffusion of nitric oxide (NO) presynaptic site. found that exhibits hysteresis-like behavior, where strength depends not just on instantaneous interstimulus intervals, but also history activity. The switching resting states can be induced physiologically relevant moderate (less than 50%) changes duration intervals.

Language: Английский

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