Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
27(9), P. 763 - 778
Published: Sept. 2, 2023
Introduction
Astrocytes
have
been
previously
considered
as
cells
supporting
neuronal
functions,
but
they
are
now
recognized
active
players
in
maintaining
central
nervous
system
(CNS)
homeostasis.
can
communicate
with
other
CNS
i.e.
through
the
gliotransmitter
ATP
and
P2×7receptors
(Rs).
Cells,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
13(7), P. 571 - 571
Published: March 25, 2024
Extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
are
secreted
from
many
tumors,
including
glioblastoma
multiforme
(GBM),
the
most
common
and
lethal
brain
tumor
in
adults,
which
shows
high
resistance
to
current
therapies
poor
patient
prognosis.
Given
relevance
of
information
provided
by
cancer
cell
secretome,
we
performed
a
proteomic
analysis
microvesicles
(MVs)
exosomes
(EXOs)
released
GBM-derived
stem
cells
(GSCs).
The
latter,
obtained
GBM
patients,
expressed
P2X7
receptors
(P2X7Rs),
positively
correlate
with
growth
invasiveness.
P2X7R
stimulation
GSCs
caused
significant
changes
EV
content,
mostly
ex
novo
inducing
or
upregulating
expression
proteins
related
cytoskeleton
reorganization,
motility/spreading,
energy
supply,
protection
against
oxidative
stress,
chromatin
remodeling,
transcriptional
regulation.
Most
induced/upregulated
have
already
been
identified
as
diagnostic/prognostic
factors,
while
others
only
reported
peripheral
tumors.
Our
findings
indicate
that
enhances
transport
and,
therefore,
possible
intercellular
exchange
aggressiveness-increasing
GSC-derived
EVs.
Thus,
P2X7Rs
could
be
considered
new
druggable
target
human
GBM,
although
these
data
need
confirmed
larger
experimental
sets.
Toxics,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
12(3), P. 183 - 183
Published: Feb. 28, 2024
Efforts
are
being
made
globally
to
improve
the
evaluation
and
understanding
of
endocrine-disrupting
chemicals.
Recognition
their
impact
on
human
health
environment
has
stimulated
attention
research
in
this
field.
Various
stakeholders,
including
scientists,
regulatory
agencies,
policymakers,
industry
representatives,
collaborating
develop
robust
methodologies
guidelines
for
assessing
these
disruptors.
A
key
aspect
efforts
is
development
standardized
testing
protocols
that
aim
provide
consistent
reliable
methods
identifying
characterizing
endocrine
When
evaluating
potential
activity
chemicals,
no
single
test
capable
detecting
all
relevant
agents.
The
battery
approach
designed
reduce
risk
false
negative
results
compounds
with
toxic
potential.
weight-of-evidence
therefore
necessary
disruptor
evaluation.
This
considers
various
types
data
from
multiple
sources,
overall
strength,
consistency,
reliability
evidence.
OECD
highly
regarded
scientific
rigor,
transparency,
consensus-based
process.
It
crucial
explore
new
can
effectively
evaluate
risks
associated
Integrating
into
a
comprehensive
framework
will
enhance
assessments
facilitate
informed
decisions
regarding
regulation
management
substances,
ensuring
protection
adverse
effects.
Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
34(4), P. 263 - 271
Published: April 2, 2024
Introduction
The
purinergic
P2×7receptor
is
expressed
on
the
surface
of
many
different
types
cells,
including
immune
cells.
Targeting
P2×7receptors
with
antagonists
has
been
studied
for
its
potential
therapeutic
effects
in
a
variety
inflammatory
illnesses.
It
plays
crucial
role
control
responses.
Glia,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
72(3), P. 475 - 503
Published: Nov. 1, 2023
Abstract
Across
the
globe,
approximately
one
in
10
babies
are
born
preterm,
that
is,
before
37
weeks
of
a
typical
40
gestation.
Up
to
50%
preterm
infants
develop
brain
injury,
encephalopathy
prematurity
(EoP),
substantially
increases
their
risk
for
developing
lifelong
defects
motor
skills
and
domains
learning,
memory,
emotional
regulation,
cognition.
We
still
severely
limited
our
abilities
prevent
or
predict
birth.
No
longer
just
“support
cells,”
we
now
clearly
understand
during
development
glia
key
building
healthy
brain.
Glial
dysfunction
is
hallmark
EoP,
notably,
microgliosis,
astrogliosis,
oligodendrocyte
injury.
Our
knowledge
glial
biology
exponentially
expanding
but
hasn't
developed
sufficiently
effective
neuroregenerative
therapies.
This
review
summarizes
current
state
roles
with
EoP
its
animal
models,
description
known
glial‐cell
interactions
context
such
as
border‐associated
macrophages.
The
field
perinatal
medicine
relatively
small
has
worked
passionately
improve
understanding
etiology
coupled
detailed
mechanistic
studies
pre‐clinical
human
cohorts.
A
primary
finding
from
this
collaborations
computational
biologists,
working
together
complexity
subtypes,
maturation,
impacts
short
long
term
will
be
design
therapies
outcomes.
Pharmaceutics,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
15(9), P. 2263 - 2263
Published: Aug. 31, 2023
Graft-versus-host
disease
(GVHD)
is
a
T
cell-mediated
inflammatory
disorder
that
arises
from
allogeneic
haematopoietic
stem
cell
transplantation
and
often
fatal.
The
P2X7
receptor
an
extracellular
adenosine
5'-triphosphate-gated
cation
channel
expressed
on
immune
cells.
Blockade
of
this
with
small
molecule
inhibitors
impairs
GVHD
in
humanised
mouse
model.
A
species-specific
blocking
monoclonal
antibody
(mAb)
(clone
L4)
for
human
available,
affording
the
opportunity
to
determine
whether
donor
(human)
contributes
development
mice.
Using
flow
cytometric
assays
RPMI
8266
murine
J774
cells,
study
confirmed
mAb
bound
impaired
P2X7.
Furthermore,
prevented
loss
regulatory
cells
(hTregs)
natural
killer
(hNK)
vitro.
NOD-scid
IL2Rγnull
mice
were
injected
10
×
106
peripheral
blood
mononuclear
(Day
0)
anti-hP2X7
or
control
(100
μg
i.p.
per
mouse,
Days
0,
2,
4,
6,
8).
increased
hTregs
hNK
at
Day
21.
Moreover,
mAb-treatment
reduced
clinical
histological
liver
lung
compared
treatment
endpoint.
hTregs,
hNK,
proportions
increased,
helper
17
decreased
These
studies
indicate
blockade
(donor)
reduces
mice,
providing
first
direct
evidence
role
GVHD.
The Ukrainian Biochemical Journal,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
96(3), P. 5 - 12
Published: June 14, 2024
The
review
considers
the
effects
of
extracellular
ATP
mediated
by
plasma
membrane
purinoreceptors
in
cells
different
tissues,
particular,
myometrium.
Recently
published
results
suggest
that
cytosolic
may
also
play
a
role
signaling
molecule,
as
indicated
detection
receptor
not
only
membrane,
but
mitochondria.
authors
have
shown
ionized
Ca2+
concentration
rat
myometrium
mitochondria
matrix
is
regulated
at
absence
exogenous
Ca2+.
concentration-dependent
increase
[Ca2+]m
was
affected
presence
mitochondrial
Ca2+-uniporter
blocker
ruthenium
red,
pore
cyclosporine
A,
or
synthase
inhibitor
oligomycin.
It
assumed
could
be
molecule
regulates
least
ions
exchange
Keywords:
exchange,
and
ATP,
mitochondria,
P2X7
receptors
