Single-cell atlas of human gingiva unveils a NETs-related neutrophil subpopulation regulating periodontal immunity

Journal of Advanced Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 1, 2024

Exaggerated neutrophil recruitment and activation are the major features of pathological alterations in periodontitis, which extracellular traps (NETs) considered to be responsible for inflammatory periodontal lesions. Despite critical role NETs development progression their specific functions mechanisms remain unclear.

Language: Английский

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Interplay between circulating von Willebrand factor and neutrophils: implications for inflammation, neutrophil function, and von Willebrand factor clearance

Haematologica, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 9, 2025

Von Willebrand factor (VWF) plays a critical role in hemostasis, and emerging evidence suggests its involvement inflammation. Our study aimed to investigate the interaction between circulating plasma VWF neutrophils (polymorphonuclear cells, PMNs), elucidate fate of after binding, explore impact on neutrophil behavior. Neutrophils were isolated from whole blood healthy volunteers, their with was examined ex vivo. Immunofluorescence imaging revealed an enhanced binding following stimulation inflammatory agents (PMA, TNFα, IL-8) exposure shear forces, highlighting previously unknown interaction. Furthermore, immunofluorescence images demonstrated increased co-localization early endosome marker EEA1 late Rab7 over time, indicating uptake by subsequent binding. This supported significant decrease antigen levels supernatant cells stimulation. Moreover, stimulated exposed purified plasma-derived exhibited elevated expression surface markers CD45 CD66b, indicative altered function related cell adhesion, migration, phagocytosis. These findings suggest that can modulate function, potentially influencing immune responses In summary, our provides novel insights into complex interplay neutrophils, shedding light multifaceted roles Importantly, we have identified as potential cellular mediators involved clearance circulation, introducing mechanism for removal.

Language: Английский

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Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and NETosis in alcohol‐associated diseases: A systematic review

Alcohol Clinical and Experimental Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 16, 2025

Abstract Heavy alcohol consumption is implicated in the alteration of antimicrobial function neutrophils, such as phagocytosis, chemotaxis, formation neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), and occurrence NETosis. NETosis an endogenous process elimination invading microbes, autoantibodies, inflammatory elements danger‐associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) pathogen‐associated (PAMPs). However, both exaggeration suppression modulate normal physiological metabolic processes by influencing events at cellular levels. Recent research shows that binge induces NETosis, leading to tissue damage inflammation. Binge consumption, chronic intake, use disorder (AUD) can affect immunity often lead alcohol‐associated liver disease (ALD) and/or other organ damage. Alcohol detrimental consequences multiple organs, including brain, liver, pancreas, gut. Gut‐derived microbial substances, endotoxins circulation, induce systemic Sterile danger signals from damaged cells, cytokines, prostaglandins act proinflammatory stimuli are involved signaling pathways. The alcohol‐induced cytokines chemoattract which interact coordinate with immune cells exaggerate or suppress inflammation within milieu, depending on effects. Several proteins, different receptors, play important roles activation NETs well initiation execution This review article specifically gathers current information its biological components, pathways relating associated ALD AUD multiorgans, We also briefly describe various therapeutic strategies against AUD‐associated experimental models human states.

Language: Английский

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Cell Surface Parameters for Accessing Neutrophil Activation Level with Atomic Force Microscopy

Cells, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(4), P. 306 - 306

Published: Feb. 7, 2024

In this study, we examine the topography and adhesion images of cell surface neutrophils during activation process. Our analysis parameters indicates that most significant changes in occur within first 30 min activation, suggesting reactive oxygen species may require approximately amount time to activate cells. Interestingly, observed granular structure as early 10 after neutrophil when examining atomic force microscopy images. This finding aligns with reorganization cells under confocal laser scanning microscopy. By analyzing adhesion, identified three spatial correlate time. enables us estimate degree by using maps surface.

Language: Английский

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Polymerized Salicylic Acid Microparticles Reduce the Progression and Formation of Human Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NET)s

Advanced Healthcare Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 19, 2024

Abstract Neutrophils can contribute to inflammatory disease propagation via innate mechanisms intended for inflammation resolution. For example, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are necessary trapping pathogens but clot formation and blood flow restriction, that is, ischemia. Currently, no therapeutics in the clinic directly target NETs despite known involvement of contributing mortality increased severity. Vascular‐deployed particle‐based a novel robust alternative traditional small‐molecule drugs by enhancing drug delivery cells interest. This work designs high‐throughput assay investigate immunomodulatory behavior functionality salicylic acid‐based polymer‐based particle against NETosis human neutrophils. Briefly, this finds polymeric composition plays role, size also influence rates NETosis. Salicylate‐based (Poly‐SA) particles found functionally inhibit depending on concentration exposed demonstrates high throughput method help fast‐track therapeutic optimization design, more efficiently preparing innovative clinic.

Language: Английский

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Biophysical limits of ultrafast cellular motility

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 22, 2024

Abstract Many single-celled organisms and specialized cell types can surprisingly achieve speed acceleration significantly faster than multicellular counterparts. These remarkable cellular machines must integrate energy storage amplification in actuation, latches for triggered release, dissipation without failure — all implemented macro-molecular assemblies inside a single cell. However, universal biophysical framework that comparatively evaluate extreme motility remains lacking. Scaling laws have long been recognized as powerful tools revealing principles physical systems. We map the atlas of ultrafast cells across tree life. then introduce new quantitative be used to compare acceleration, speed, area strain rate, volume expansion density changes cells. Recognizing many operate low-Reynolds number environments, we dimensionless number, “cellular number,” based on at this scale. Using framework, discover scaling law between transient Reynolds valid six orders magnitude range single-cell organisms. further generalize these ideas by placing various trigger, mechanisms within same estimating fundamental limits conclude with detailed summary functions via phenomena, laying down foundation biophysics

Language: Английский

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Morphology of Neutrophils during Their Activation and NETosis: Atomic Force Microscopy Study

Cells, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(17), P. 2199 - 2199

Published: Sept. 2, 2023

Confocal microscopy and fluorescence staining of cellular structures are commonly used to study neutrophil activation NETosis. However, they do not reveal the specific characteristics membrane surface, its nanostructure, morphology. The aim this was topography nanosurface neutrophils during NETosis using atomic force (AFM). We showed main stages NETosis, which include control cell spreading, fragment formation, fusion nuclear segments, disruption, release extracellular traps (NETs), final disintegration. Changes in parameters were quantified. It shown that with increasing time there a decrease spectral intensity spatial periods. Exposure activator A23187 resulted an increase number average size fragments over time. activators PMA (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate) caused same pattern transformation from spherical cells segmented nuclei disrupted NET release. induced earlier than PMA, but more at end specified interval (180 min). In our study, we AFM as research tool. laser-scanning (CLSM) images provided for identification detailed analysis phenomena studied. way, exploited advantages both techniques.

Language: Английский

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A Comparative Study of Different Protocols for Isolation of Murine Neutrophils from Bone Marrow and Spleen

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(24), P. 17273 - 17273

Published: Dec. 8, 2023

Neutrophils are considered as the main player in innate immunity. In last few years, it has been shown that they involved different physiological conditions and diseases. However, progress field of neutrophil biology is relatively slow due to existing difficulties isolation maintenance culture. Here we compare four protocols based on density-gradient immunomagnetic methods for murine neutrophils from bone marrow spleen. Neutrophil was performed using Ficoll 1.077/1.119 g/mL density gradient, 1.083/1.090/1.110 gradient method negative positive selection. The were compared with respect sample purity, cell viability, yield, cost. functionality isolated checked by NETosis analysis oxidative burst test. Obtained data revealed given purity/yield/viability/cost ratio protocol centrifugation recommended marrow, whereas selection Dynabeads splenic neutrophils.

Language: Английский

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Atomic Force Microscopy and Scanning Ion-Conductance Microscopy for Investigation of Biomechanical Characteristics of Neutrophils

Cells, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(21), P. 1757 - 1757

Published: Oct. 23, 2024

Scanning probe microscopy (SPM) is a versatile tool for studying wide range of materials. It well suited investigating living matter, example, in single-cell neutrophil studies. SPM has been extensively utilized to analyze cell physical properties, providing detailed insights into their structural and functional characteristics at the nanoscale. Its long-standing application this field highlights its essential role biology immunology research, significantly contributing understanding cellular mechanics interactions. In review, we discuss techniques, specifically atomic force (AFM) scanning ion-conductance (SICM), study fundamental functions neutrophils. addition, recent advances are discussed. The these techniques allows obtaining data on morphology, topography, mechanical electrochemical properties neutrophils with high accuracy.

Language: Английский

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