Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG triggers intestinal epithelium injury in zebrafish revealing host dependent beneficial effects

iMeta, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 3(2)

Published: March 25, 2024

Abstract Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG), the well‐characterized human‐derived probiotic strain, possesses excellent properties in maintenance of intestinal homeostasis, immunoregulation and defense against gastrointestinal pathogens mammals. Here, we demonstrate that SpaC pilin LGG causes epithelium injury by inducing cell pyroptosis gut microbial dysbiosis zebrafish. Dietary activates Caspase‐3−GSDMEa pathways epithelium, promotes increases lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐producing microbes The increased LPS subsequently Gaspy2−GSDMEb pathway. Further analysis reveals is initiated species‐specific recognition TLR4ba, which accounts for species‐specificity SpaC‐inducing observed pyroptosis‐driven zebrafish suggest host‐specific beneficial/harmful mechanisms are critical safety issues when applying probiotics derived from other host species need more attention.

Language: Английский

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Distinct Gut Microbial Signature and Host Genetic Variants in Association with Liver Fibrosis Severity in Patients with MASLD

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(12), P. 1800 - 1800

Published: June 7, 2024

Gut microbiota might affect the severity and progression of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). We aimed to characterize gut dysbiosis clinical parameters regarding fibrosis stages assessed by magnetic resonance elastography. This study included 156 patients with MASLD, stratified into no/mild (F0–F1) moderate/severe (F2–F4). Fecal specimens were sequenced targeting V4 region 16S rRNA gene analyzed using bioinformatics. The genotyping PNPLA3, TM6SF2, HSD17B13 was allelic discrimination assays. Our data showed that microbial profiles between groups significantly differed in beta-diversity but not alpha-diversity indices. Enriched Fusobacterium Escherichia_Shigella, depleted Lachnospira found F2–F4 group versus F0–F1 group. Compared F0–F1, had elevated plasma surrogate markers epithelial permeability bacterial translocation. genera, PNPLA3 polymorphisms, old age, diabetes independently associated advanced multivariable analyses. Using Random Forest classifier, signature three genera could differentiate high diagnostic accuracy (AUC 0.93). These results indicated imbalance enriched pathogenic decreased beneficial bacteria, association several genetic factors, potential contributors pathogenesis MASLD.

Language: Английский

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Cultivated Enterococcus faecium B6 from children with obesity promotes nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by the bioactive metabolite tyramine

Gut Microbes, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: May 13, 2024

Gut microbiota plays an essential role in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the contribution of individual bacterial strains and their metabolites to childhood NAFLD pathogenesis remains poorly understood. Herein, critical bacteria children with obesity accompanied by were identified microbiome analysis. Bacteria abundant group systematically assessed for lipogenic effects. The underlying mechanisms microbial-derived investigated using multi-omics LC-MS/MS roles crucial metabolite validated vitro vivo as well additional cohort. results showed that Enterococcus spp. was enriched NAFLD. patient-derived faecium B6 (E. B6) significantly contributed symptoms mice. E. produced a bioactive metabolite, tyramine, which probably activated PPAR-γ, leading lipid accumulation, inflammation, fibrosis liver. Moreover, these findings successfully This pioneering study elucidated important functions cultivated its (tyramine) exacerbating These advance comprehensive understanding provide new insights development microbe/metabolite-based therapeutic strategies.

Language: Английский

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Coprococcus protects against high-fat diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mice

Journal of Applied Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 135(6)

Published: June 1, 2024

Abstract Aims The incidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing annually, leading to substantial medical and health burdens. Numerous studies have demonstrated the potential effectiveness intestinal probiotics as a treatment strategy for NAFLD. Therefore, objective this study identify probiotic Methods results In study, blood fecal samples were collected from 41 healthy volunteers 44 patients diagnosed with Analysis 16S rDNA sequencing data quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) revealed significant reduction in abundance Coprococcus NAFLD patients. Subsequent animal experiments that was able effectively reverse lipid accumulation, inflammation, fibrosis induced by high-fat diet (HFD) mice. Conclusions This provides first vivo evidence beneficial bacterium capable preventing has same effect mice Lactobacillus GG (LGG), positive control. serve prevention humans.

Language: Английский

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Silymarin decreases liver stiffness associated with gut microbiota in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Lipids in Health and Disease, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Aug. 3, 2024

Despite centuries of traditional use silymarin for hepatoprotection, current randomized controlled trial (RCT) studies on the effectiveness in managing metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) are limited and inconclusive, particularly when it is administered alone. The low bioavailability highlights possible influence gut microbiota silymarin; however, no human have investigated this aspect. To determine potential efficacy improving MASLD indicators to investigate underlying mechanisms related microbiota. In 24-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 83 patients with were either placebo (n = 41) or (103.2 mg/d, n 42). At 0, 12, 24 weeks, stiffness hepatic steatosis assessed using FibroScan, blood samples gathered biochemical detection, while faecal collected at 0 weeks 16S rRNA sequencing. Silymarin supplementation significantly reduced (LSM, -0.21 ± 0.17 vs. 0.41 0.17, P 0.015) serum levels γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT, -8.21 3.01 1.23 3.16, 0.042) ApoB (-0.02 0.03 0.07 0.03, 0.023) but had significant effect attenuation parameter (CAP), other (aminotransferases, total bilirubin, glucose lipid parameters, hsCRP, SOD, UA), physical measurements (DBP, SBP, BMI, WHR, BF%, BMR), APRI FIB-4 indices. Gut analysis revealed increased species diversity enrichment Oscillospiraceae group. These findings suggest that could improve patients, possibly by modulating was registered Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2200059043).

Language: Английский

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Dietary quorum quenching AHL lactonase impairs the adaptation of commensal bacterium to host innate immunity

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 6, 2025

Abstract Quorum sensing (QS) is the communication system of bacteria that depends on QS signals. quenching (QQ) enzymes degrade signals and are promising alternatives antibiotics to treat bacterial infections. Here, we found dietary QQ N -acyl homoserine (AHL) lactonase led microbiota dysbiosis in zebrafish, with reduction Aeromonas enrichment Plesiomonas . Through gnotobiotic zebrafish colonized a minimal microbiota, QQ-mediated microbial alteration relies host Myd88 signaling neutrophil elastase. Mechanistically, quorum increased susceptibility commensal elastase by impairing lateral flagellar system, leading reduced colonization subsequent due ecological competition two species. Together, adaptation innate immunity, which provided novel insight role host-microbiota interaction.

Language: Английский

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Modulatory effects of Kratom extract on the gut microbiota of rats: implications for health

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: Feb. 27, 2025

Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa), a plant native to Southeast Asia, is commonly used as supplement for fatigue, pain relief, mood enhancement, and euphoria. extract exhibits diverse pharmacological properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, gastrointestinal effects, with studies showing its ability modulate gut microbiota stimulate beneficial bacteria growth. Given these kratom treatment may produce significant effects in rat model, warranting further investigation. Male Wistar rats were administered orally on daily basis 28 days. Fresh fecal samples collected analyzed changes microbiome composition using 16S rRNA sequencing. Hematological parameters lipid profiles also measured evaluate any systemic effects. The administration of did not significantly affect hematological or profiles. However, notable observed composition, increases specific such Candidatus Stoquefichus Prevotellaceae UCG-001, decrease Corynebacterium. LEfSe cladogram analyses corroborated the higher prevalence Stoquefichus, Erysipelatoclostridiaceae group compared controls. alters rats, promoting while elevating certain taxa associated negative health outcomes. These mixed highlight need research long-term implications use broader consequences, well potential therapeutic applications. Not applicable.

Language: Английский

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Mirabegron induces selective changes in the faecal microbiota of HFHFr rats without altering bile acid composition

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: April 14, 2025

Introduction Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver (MASL), the initial, asymptomatic stage of metabolic disease, is directly involved in progression to steatohepatitis. Healthy lifestyle and dietary measures are currently only treatments for MASL. Given high prevalence MASL human population, candidate drugs its prevention or treatment should have an acceptable safety profile. Repurposing already clinical use could help identify effective safe drug We characterized a high-fat, high-fructose rat model simple hepatic steatosis evaluate potential anti-steatotic effect mirabegron, which overactive bladder. previously reported that mirabegron administration was unable reduce triglyceride content our model. Methods In present work, we analyse stored liver, adipose tissue (perigonadal brown), serum faecal samples from previous study new biochemical, metabolomic microbiome data. Results discussion show oral significantly increases expression uncoupling protein 1 brown β3-Adrenergic receptor perigonadal white tissues. Furthermore, changes relative abundance several genus families microbiota, albeit without restoring global biodiversity evenness indexes observed control rats, as well bile acids composition. These probably due direct on gut microbiome, rather than being mediated by acid induced treatment.

Language: Английский

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Biological activities and health benefits of sodium alginate: A review

Journal of Functional Foods, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 129, P. 106856 - 106856

Published: April 28, 2025

Language: Английский

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Periodontal pathogen Fusobacterium nucleatum infection accelerates hepatic steatosis in high‐fat diet‐fed ApoE knockout mice by inhibiting Nrf2/Keap1 signaling

Journal of Periodontal Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 59(6), P. 1220 - 1233

Published: May 25, 2024

This study sought to explore the impact of Fusobacterium nucleatum on hepatic steatosis in apolipoprotein E (ApoE) knockout (KO) mice induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) and elucidate underlying mechanism.

Language: Английский

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