Efficacy and Safety of a Probiotic Containing Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 in the Treatment of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Decompensated Cirrhosis: Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(3), P. 919 - 919

Published: Feb. 5, 2024

(1) Background: The aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of probiotic containing Saccharomyces boulardii in treatment small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) patients with decompensated cirrhosis. (2) Methods: This a blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled study. (3) Results: After 3 months treatment, SIBO absent 80.0% group and 23.1% placebo (p = 0.002). eliminated had decreased frequency ascites hepatic encephalopathy, increased platelets albumin levels, blood levels total bilirubin, biomarkers translocation (lipopolysaccharide [LPS]) systemic inflammation (C-reactive protein), positive changes markers hyperdynamic circulation compared state at inclusion. There were no significant claudin level (the barrier biomarker) these patients. No observed persistent SIBO. serum nitrate (endothelial dysfunction lower eradicated than One (5.3%) patient six (42.9%) died within first year follow-up 0.007). (4) Conclusions: eradication an independent predictor favorable prognosis during follow-up.

Language: Английский

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Total Sanghuangporus vaninii extract inhibits hepatocyte ferroptosis and intestinal microbiota disturbance to attenuate liver fibrosis in mice

Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 119571 - 119571

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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The Novel Effect and Potential Mechanism of Lactoferrin on Organ Fibrosis Prevention

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(1), P. 197 - 197

Published: Jan. 6, 2025

Organ fibrosis is gradually becoming a human health and safety problem, various organs of the body are likely to develop fibrosis. The ultimate pathological feature numerous chronic diseases fibrosis, few interventions currently available specifically target pathogenesis medical detection organ has matured. However, there no effective treatment method for these diseases. Therefore, we need strive developing reliable drugs or substances treat prevent fibrotic Lactoferrin (LF) multifunctional glycoprotein with many physiologically active effects, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory antimicrobial it protects against physiological conditions in disease models. This review summarizes effects underlying mechanisms LF preventing As naturally substance, can be used promising drug prevention remission

Language: Английский

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Liver damage and immune responses

Zeitschrift für Gastroenterologie, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 63(01), P. 56 - 64

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Abstract Chronic liver disease (CLD) has massive systemic repercussions including major impacts on the body’s immune system. Abnormalities in phenotype, function and numbers of various cell subsets have been established by a large number clinical pre-clinical studies. The loss essential functions renders CLD-patients exceptionally susceptible to bacterial viral infections also impairs efficacy vaccination. Consequently, represent issue causing significant morbidity mortality these patients. Mechanistically, dysfunction associated with CLD results from increased translocation bacteria cues intestine. These trigger signaling axis around cytokines IFN I IL-10 hepatic myeloid cells, which aside impairing cells themselves, notable negative functionality other cells. T -models are especially affected this display variety quantitative qualitative defects. Due high relevance, understanding mechanisms underlaying CED-associated is critical importance discover develop new therapeutic targets.

Language: Английский

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Intestinal Microbiota Dysbiosis Role and Bacterial Translocation as a Factor for Septic Risk

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(5), P. 2028 - 2028

Published: Feb. 26, 2025

The human immune system is closely linked to microbiota such as a complex symbiotic relationship during the coevolution of vertebrates and microorganisms. transfer microorganisms from mother's newborn begins before birth gestation considered initial phase intestinal (IM). gut an important site where can establish colonies. IM contains polymicrobial communities, which show interactions with diet host immunity. tendency towards dysbiosis influenced by local but also extra-intestinal factors inflammatory processes, infections, or septic state that aggravate it. Pathogens could trigger response, proinflammatory responses. In addition, changes in influence community structure additional translocation pathogenic non-pathogenic bacteria. Finally, inflammation has been found be factor growth microorganisms, particularly its role sepsis. aim this article able detect current knowledge mechanisms lead cause bacterial risk infection vice versa.

Language: Английский

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Gut microbiota analysis in cirrhosis and non-cirrhotic portal hypertension suggests that portal hypertension can be main factor of cirrhosis-specific dysbiosis

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: March 11, 2025

Gut dysbiosis plays an important role in cirrhosis, but the mechanism of its development was not established. The aim study to test hypothesis that portal hypertension can be main factor gut cirrhosis. This cross-sectional included 25 patients with chronic non-cirrhotic due extrahepatic vein obstruction after thrombosis (PVT) (NCPVT group), 29 cirrhotic without PVT (CirNoPVT), 15 (CPVT), and 22 healthy controls. fecal microbiota assessed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. CirNoPVT CPVT groups had largely similar differences composition from control group. Patients NCPVT, as well a higher abundance Streptococcus, Escherichia, Enterococcus, Enterobacteriaceae, Enterococcaceae, Streptococcaceae, Bacilli, Gammaproteobacteria, Proteobacteria, lower Roseburia, Faecalibacterium, Methanobrevibacter, Ruminococcaceae, Methanobacteriaceae, Clostridia, Methanobacteria, Euryarchaeota they were compared individuals. NCPVT Bifidobacterium, Bifidobacteriaceae, Actinobacteria, Gemmiger Catenibacterium individuals, which observed cirrhosis groups. Porphyromonadaceae genus Parabacteroides reduced both PVT, CirNoPVT. There no significant beta-diversity among CirNoPVT, All these Portal seems

Language: Английский

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Gegen-Qinlian Decoction Alleviates Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis by Modulating the Microbiota-Bile Acid Axis in Mice

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Activation of gut FXR improves the metabolism of bile acids, intestinal barrier, and microbiota under cholestatic condition caused by GCDCA in mice

Microbiology Spectrum, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 21, 2025

ABSTRACT Abnormal bile acid (BA) metabolism is involved in liver fibrosis. In a previous study, we discovered that the hydrophobic BA glycochenodeoxycholate (GCDCA) induced fibrosis and GW4064, an agonist of farnesoid X receptor (FXR), alleviated caused by GCDCA. However, impacts GCDCA on BAs, gut intestinal barrier, microbiota are unclear, obtaining this information would provide additional into role development present ultra-performance liquid chromatography‒tandem mass spectrometry revealed mice administered gavage had higher levels total primary BAs than those control group, significant reduction was observed + GW4064 group compared with group. Compared greater gut, especially T-alpha-MCA T-beta-MCA, no differences terminal ileum were between groups. Immunohistochemistry indicated administration inhibited FXR FGF15 expression, whereas activated promoted expression. Moreover, immunohistochemistry decreased mucin2, claudin-1, occludin, ZO-1 restored their 16S rDNA sequencing alpha diversity did not significantly differ among three groups, but beta At phylum level, disturbed microbiota, as reductions Desulfobacterota, Bacteroidota, Actinobacteria increased abundances Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Patescibacteria noted improved structure at level. The efficacy also genus Correlation analyses fewer relationships more closely related to intervention Together, cholestasis liver, well barrier microbiota. Activation injury dysfunction dysbacteriosis under cholestatic conditions. IMPORTANCE Glycochenodeoxycholate humans highly serum stool patients. effects comprehensively investigated process metabolism, barrier. It reported can promote via NOD-like family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome pathway mice, activation our study. Gut responsible for metabolism; meanwhile, may exert effect Nowadays, comprehensive understanding relation disorder still insufficient. Current study further help understand fibrosis, which methods dysregulation metabolism.

Language: Английский

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Vitamin A-Integrated Cinnamaldehyde Nanoemulsion: A Nanotherapeutic Approach To Counteract Liver Fibrosis via Gut–Liver Axis Modulation

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 6, 2025

Liver fibrosis, a complex process resulting from most chronic liver diseases, remains devoid of effective treatments. An increasing body evidence links fibrosis to the "gut-liver axis", with disruptions in gut microbiota-host balance emerging as critical contributor its progression. Cinnamaldehyde (Cin), natural compound antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticytotoxic properties, has shown potential counteracting hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation. Additionally, Cin been promote probiotics intestine, thereby restoring healthy microbial community. These characteristics position promising candidate for treatment through modulation gut-liver axis. In this study, Vitamin A (Va)-formulated Nanoemulsion (Va-Cin@NM) was developed enhance physicochemical stability while preserving intestinal homeostasis facilitating targeted deposition. bile duct ligation (BDL)-induced rats, Va-Cin@NM intervention significantly reduced duct-like structure proliferation collagen deposition liver. effects are likely attributed restoration microbiota, increased short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) concentrations, improved integrity. Moreover, suppressed harmful bacterial populations liver, thus mitigating immune injury inflammatory recruitment. Consequently, oxidative stress HSC activation were attenuated. Overall, demonstrates significant nanotherapeutic approach by modulating

Language: Английский

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Nedd4L signaling contributes to carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis in female mice and is associated with enteric dysbacteriosis

Gastroenterology report, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Abstract Background Liver fibrosis is characterized by hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation and collagen overproduction, but its pathogenesis remains largely unknown. This study aimed to uncover the role of neural precursor expressed developmentally downregulated 4-like (Nedd4L) signaling in liver relationship with gut microbiota. Methods Intraperitoneal injection carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) was used induce 8-week-old female C57BL/6J mice Nedd4L knockout or administration protein phosphorylation inhibitor EMD638683. HSCs isolated from were activated transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGFβ1) without Results An approximately 3-fold elevation mRNA observed hepatocytes tissues, significantly higher fibrotic than non-fibrotic mice. level livers TGFβ1-stimulated wild-type remained unchanged. In HSCs, TGFβ1-induced suppressed CCl4-treated mice, EMD638683 alleviated induced a relative increase fecal Bacteroides, Parabacteroides, Erysipelatoclostridium, Blautia, Klebsiella, whereas deficiency predisposed injury remarkable reduction Lactobacillus, Enterorhabdus, Bacteroides. Conclusion Hepatic contributes CCl4-induced which associated alterations microbiota, involved TGFβ1-mediated HSC activation.

Language: Английский

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