Glioma Stem Cells as Promoter of Glioma Progression: A Systematic Review of Molecular Pathways and Targeted Therapies

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(14), P. 7979 - 7979

Published: July 22, 2024

Gliomas’ aggressive nature and resistance to therapy make them a major problem in oncology. Gliomas continue have dismal prognoses despite significant advancements medical science, traditional treatments like surgery, radiation (RT), chemotherapy (CT) frequently prove be ineffective. After glioma stem cells (GSCs) were discovered, the view of gliomas as homogeneous masses changed. GSCs are essential for tumor growth, treatment resistance, recurrence. These cells’ distinct capacities differentiation self-renewal changing our knowledge biology gliomas. This systematic literature review aims uncover molecular mechanisms driving progression associated with GSCs. The adhered PRISMA guidelines, thorough search conducted on PubMed, Ovid MED-LINE, EMBASE. first was performed 1 March 2024, updated 15 May 2024. Employing MeSH terms Boolean operators, focused GCSs-mediated progression. Inclusion criteria encompassed English language studies, preclinical clinical trials. A number 957 papers initially identified, which 65 studies spanning from 2005 2024 finally included review. main GSC model distribution is arranged decreasing order frequency: U87: 20 (32.0%); U251: 13 (20.0%); A172: 4 (6.2%); T98G: 2 (3.17%). From most least frequent, primary pathway follows: Notch: 8 (12.3%); STAT3: 6 (9.2%); Wnt/β-catenin: HIF: 5 (7.7%); PI3K/AKT: (6.2%). effects, common, inhibition differentiation: 22 (33.8%); increased proliferation: 18 (27.7%); enhanced invasive ability: (23.1%); self-renewal: apoptosis: 3 (4.6%). work highlights heterogeneity dynamic interplay within glioblastoma microenvironment, underscoring need tailored approach. few key pathways influencing behavior JAK/STAT3, PI3K/AKT, Wnt/β-catenin, Notch. Therapy may target these pathways. research urges more study fill gaps translate findings into useful approaches that could improve GBM patient outcomes.

Language: Английский

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CAR-T Cells Therapy in Glioblastoma: A Systematic Review on Molecular Targets and Treatment Strategies

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(13), P. 7174 - 7174

Published: June 29, 2024

The most common primary brain tumor is glioblastoma (GBM), yet the current therapeutic options for this disease are not promising. Although immunotherapeutic techniques have shown poor success in GBM thus far despite efforts, new developments provide optimism. One of these chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell treatment, which includes removing and genetically modifying autologous T cells to produce a that targets before reintroducing into patient’s body. A number preclinical studies produced encouraging results, led start clinical trials assessing CAR-T treatments other tumors. results tumors such as diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas lymphomas been promising, preliminary findings any benefits. paucity particular antigens GBM, their inconsistent expression patterns, possible immunoediting-induced loss after antigen-targeted therapy some causes discrepancy. goal systematic literature review assess potential approaches creating more effective indication, well experiences already being had with GBM. Up until 9 May 2024, thorough search was carried out across three main medical databases: PubMed, Web Science, Scopus. Relevant Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) terms keywords associated “glioblastoma”, “CAR-T”, “T therapy”, “overall survival”, “progression free survival” were employed approach. Preclinical research on application approach included review. total 838 papers identified. Of these, 379 articles assessed eligibility, resulting 8 meeting inclusion criteria. conducted between 2015 2023, 151 patients enrolled. varied types. EGFRvIII frequently investigated, used (37.5%). Intravenous delivery method (62.5%). Median OS ranged from 5.5 11.1 months studies. PFS reported only two studies, values 7.5 1.3 months. This highlights evolving emphasizing its challenges. Targeting like IL13Rα2 shows promise treating recurrent However, issues escape, heterogeneity, immunosuppression require further optimization. Innovative methods, combination therapies, personalized crucial enhancing efficacy. Ongoing essential refine therapies improve outcomes patients.

Language: Английский

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Diagnostic Value of PET Tracers in Differentiating Glioma Tumor Recurrence from Treatment-Related Changes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

American Journal of Neuroradiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 46(4), P. 758 - 765

Published: April 1, 2025

It is often difficult to identify treatment-related changes (TRC) from tumor progression (TP) in patients with glioma, and the current application of PET scanning expected improve diagnosis. We used a systematic review meta-analysis reveal diagnostically more promising tracers by comparing diagnostic accuracy different identifying TRC TP glioma. searched PubMed, Web Science, EMBASE databases, we selected studies that scans Twenty-eight were identified based on set criteria. The involved total 10 1405 patients. occurred 67.4% (947) patients, while 32.6% (458) sensitivity, specificity, odds ratio, positive likelihood negative ratio various calculated summarized. Moreover, value was compared. This included 28 tracers, including 18F-fluoro-deoxy-glucose FDG (18F-FDG), 11C methionine (11C -MET), 18F-fuoroethyl-L-tyrosine (18F-FET), 3,4-dihydroxy-6-18F-fluoro-L-phenylalanine (18F-FDOPA), 18F-fluorothymidine (18F-FLT), 18F-PSMA-1007, 68Ga-PSMA-11, 18F-choline (18F-CHO), 18F-fluciclovine, [11]C-Alpha-Methyl-Tryptophan(11C-AMT). results revealed 11C-MET exhibited highest value, an overall sensitivity specificity 0.89 [0.85, 0.93] 0.91 [0.84, 0.99], respectively. Although number 18F-FDOPA limited, it high 1.00 [0.91, 1.00] 0.92 [0.75, Most consisted small sample sizes; however, differed some extent regarding reference standard for final diagnosis care. Additionally, most retrospective. Amino acid-based gliomas, having notable advantages. Research other new therefore, further are needed prove their value.

Language: Английский

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Computational Exploration of Natural Compounds as Potential Ligands Targeting Breast Cancer

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Health Care, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(4), P. 410 - 418

Published: Oct. 1, 2024

A BSTRACT Introduction: Due to the global epidemic of breast cancer, there is a pressing need for novel and effective therapeutic approaches. Natural compounds are being explored as potential adjuvants in combinatorial therapies, with current drugs such tamoxifen rapamycin, improve efficacy reduce toxicity, therefore enhancing patients’ quality life. This study focused on phytochemicals that effectively suppress estrogen receptor alpha (Erα), progesterone (PR), human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2), (EGFR), mechanistic target rapamycin (mTOR). Methods: The present applies molecular docking analyze protein–ligand interactions, which crucial drug designing. CB DOCK2 SwissDock were used dock 3D structure proteins obtained from Protein Data Bank (PDB), PubChem structures five phytochemical classes, namely alkaloids, flavonoids, furanocoumarins, lignans, stilbenes. Each class contained 10 different types. Lipinski’s rule was applied evaluating drug-likeness property each against cancer activity. standard Erα, PR, HER2, EGFR, mTOR conventional drugs, tamoxifen, ulipristal acetate, AEE788, temsirolimus, respectively. Results: findings exhibit 6,7-dihydroxybergamottin has best score −11 kcal/mol PR antibreast activity sanguinarine −11.0 mTOR, followed by silibinin, apigenin, pterostilbene, kusunokinin. Conclusion: Thus, this suggests selected natural can be further investigated evaluated vitro vivo demonstrate therapies prove their synergistic efficacy.

Language: Английский

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