Gut Microbiota Secondary Metabolites: Key Roles in GI Tract Cancers and Infectious Diseases

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 100 - 100

Published: Jan. 3, 2025

The gut microbiota, a dynamic ecosystem of trillions microorganisms, produces secondary metabolites that profoundly influence host health. Recent research has highlighted the significant role these metabolites, particularly short-chain fatty acids, indoles, and bile in modulating immune responses, impacting epigenetic mechanisms, contributing to disease processes. In gastrointestinal (GI) cancers such as colorectal, liver, gastric cancer, microbial can drive tumorigenesis by promoting inflammation, DNA damage, evasion. Conversely, same hold therapeutic promise, potentially enhancing responses chemotherapy immunotherapy even directly suppressing tumor growth. addition, play crucial roles infectious susceptibility resilience, mediating pathways impact pathogen resistance. By consolidating recent insights into microbiota's shaping health, this review underscores potential targeting microbiome-derived for treating GI diseases calls further microbiome-based interventions.

Language: Английский

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Therapeutic potential and underlying mechanisms of phytoconstituents: emphasizing on resveratol, curcumin, quercetin, berberine, and hesperidin in ulcerative colitis

Naunyn-Schmiedeberg s Archives of Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 29, 2025

Language: Английский

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Role of Oxidative Stress in Blood–Brain Barrier Disruption and Neurodegenerative Diseases

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(12), P. 1462 - 1462

Published: Nov. 28, 2024

Upregulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels is a principal feature observed in the brains neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Alzheimer’s (AD). In these diseases, oxidative stress can disrupt blood–brain barrier (BBB). This disruption allows neurotoxic plasma components, blood cells, pathogens to enter brain, leading increased ROS production, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation. Collectively, factors result protein modification, lipid peroxidation, DNA damage, and, ultimately, neural cell damage. this review article, we present mechanisms by which damage leads BBB breakdown brain diseases. Additionally, summarize potential therapeutic approaches aimed at reducing that contributes

Language: Английский

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Resveratrol: A Review on the Biological Activity and Applications

Applied Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(11), P. 4534 - 4534

Published: May 25, 2024

Resveratrol (RSV), a naturally occurring phytoalexin, is the most important stilbenoid synthesized by plants as defense mechanism in response to microbial aggression, toxins, or ultraviolet radiation. RSV came attention of researchers both potential chemopreventive agent and possible explanation for low incidence cardiovascular disease (CVD) French people with high-fat diet. mainly administered food supplement, its properties are evaluated vitro vivo on various experimental models. modulates signaling pathways that limit spread tumor cells, protects nerve cells from damage, useful prevention diabetes, generally acts an anti-aging natural compound. It was highlighted could ameliorate consequences unhealthy lifestyle caused exaggerated caloric intake. This paper reviews evidence supporting beneficial effect pathological conditions, e.g., neoplastic diseases, neurodegeneration, metabolic syndrome, obesity, CVDs, immune bacterial, viral, fungal infections. The study also focused chromatographic analysis trans-RSV (tRSV) Romanian wine samples, providing comprehensive overview tRSV content across different types wine.

Language: Английский

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Crosstalk Between Antioxidants and Adipogenesis: Mechanistic Pathways and Their Roles in Metabolic Health

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 203 - 203

Published: Feb. 10, 2025

The interplay between oxidative stress and adipogenesis is a critical factor in the development of obesity its associated metabolic disorders. Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) disrupt key transcription factors such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBPα), impairing lipid metabolism, promoting adipocyte dysfunction, exacerbating inflammation insulin resistance. Antioxidants, classified endogenous (e.g., glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase) exogenous polyphenols, flavonoids, vitamins C E), are pivotal mitigating these effects by restoring redox balance preserving functionality. Endogenous antioxidants neutralize ROS safeguard cellular structures; however, under heightened stress, defenses often insufficient, necessitating dietary supplementation. Exogenous derived from plant-based sources, polyphenols vitamins, act through direct scavenging, upregulation antioxidant enzymes, modulation signaling pathways like nuclear kappa B (NF-κB) PPARγ, reducing peroxidation, inflammation, dysfunction. Furthermore, they influence epigenetic regulation transcriptional networks to restore differentiation limit accumulation. Antioxidant-rich diets, including Mediterranean diet, strongly with improved health, reduced rates, enhanced sensitivity. Advances personalized therapies, guided biomarkers supported novel delivery systems, present promising avenues for optimizing therapeutic interventions. This review, "Crosstalk Between Antioxidants Adipogenesis: Mechanistic Pathways Their Role Metabolic Health", highlights mechanistic which regulate enhance health.

Language: Английский

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Resveratrol and pancreatic cancers: Questions and future perspectives

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(3)

Published: Feb. 13, 2025

There is still no effective treatment for pancreatic cancer, one of the deadliest malignancies among gastrointestinal diseases. Jiang et al demonstrated presence senescent cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in cancer tissues, supporting use CAFs as potential anti-cancer targets. The study indicated that a natural plant-derived compound resveratrol can reverse CAF phenotype and decrease growth, migration, invasiveness cells. Notably, might be involved regulating epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition tumor microenvironment. This editorial shares insights on future investigation signaling cells microenvironment, discusses resveratrol-based perspectives.

Language: Английский

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Inhibitory Effect of Nano-Formulated Extract of Passiflora incarnata on Dalton’s Lymphoma Ascites-Bearing Swiss albino Mice

Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(2), P. 270 - 270

Published: Feb. 18, 2025

Background/Objectives: This study explored the antitumor effect of Passiflora incarnata leaves' nanoformulation (N-EEP) in fibroblasts, A375 cell lines, and vivo using Dalton's lymphoma ascites (DLA)-bearing mice. Methods: N-EEP treatment could significantly slow scratch closing cells compared to extract itself (EEP). Results: The hemolytic assay showed that had less than 2% hemolysis, making formulation highly biocompatible. In administration delayed tumor growth rate, reduced weight gain, increased tumor-bearing mice's life span. Furthermore, ascitic were aspirated from investigated for various gene expressions. suppressor p53, which plays a significant role mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis pathway, was found be elevated animals treated with N-EEP. We assessed cytotoxicity isolated DLA induced mice both trypan blue MTT assays, while apoptotic studies conducted Hoechst staining. Results assays indicated nearly 80% killed by (200 μg/mL). Additionally, apoptosis, characterized condensed nuclei, observed after treatment, confirming one modes death caspase-dependent apoptosis. Conclusions: Our suggests upregulating p53 expression inducing

Language: Английский

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Biotechnological Application of Health-Promising Bioactive Compounds

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Effects of polyphenols on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a case study of resveratrol

Food & Function, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Plant polyphenols show good potential for preventing chronic metabolic diseases, especially resveratrol, by reducing insulin resistance and fat synthesis linked to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Language: Английский

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Cancer chemoprevention: signaling pathways and strategic approaches

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: April 17, 2025

Abstract Although cancer chemopreventive agents have been confirmed to effectively protect high-risk populations from invasion or recurrence, only over ten drugs approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Therefore, screening potent is crucial reduce constantly increasing incidence mortality rate of cancer. Considering lengthy prevention process, an ideal agent should be nontoxic, inexpensive, oral. Natural compounds become a natural treasure reservoir for chemoprevention because their superior ease availability, cost-effectiveness, safety. The benefits as in various studies. In light this, present review intended fully delineate entire scope chemoprevention, primarily focuses on aspects based compounds, specifically focusing mechanism action prevention, discussing detail how they exert effects affecting classical signaling pathways, immune checkpoints, gut microbiome. We also introduce novel strategies summarize role improving chemotherapy regimens. Furthermore, we describe discovering anticancer with low abundance high activity, revealing broad prospects drug discovery chemoprevention. Moreover, associate precision medicine, discuss challenges encountered Finally, emphasize transformative potential advancing field ability more effective less toxic preventive options oncology.

Language: Английский

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