Impact of Water Stress on Metabolic Intermediates and Regulators in Broccoli Sprouts, and Cellular Defense Potential of Their Extracts

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(2), P. 632 - 632

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

Drought and flood (water stress) alter plant metabolism, impacting the phytochemical content biological effects. Using spectrophotometric, HPLC, electrophoretic methods, we analyze effects of water stress on broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. convar. botrytis (L.) Alef. var. cymosa Duch.) sprouts. differently influenced chlorophylls, carotenoids, porphyrins, with drought having a stronger inhibitory effect chlorophyll a, total chlorophyll, porphyrins. Carotenoids glucosinolates increased under but decreased flooding, suggesting that these compounds play crucial role in tolerance. Nitrate from 13.11 ± 1.05 mg/g dw to 22.41 1.20 flooding 5.17 1.03 dw, oxalic acid was reduced by only (from 48.94 1.30 46.43 0.64 dw). Flood proteins 29%, phenolics 15%, flavonoids 10%, flavonols 11%, tannins 36%, proanthocyanidins 19%, while 23%. Total were 29% 7%, respectively, hydroxycinnamic acids 13%. Both types individual polyphenols differently: diminished ferulic 17% sinapic 30%, reversed enhanced kaempferol 22%. These compounds, along proline (which 139% drought), emerged as biomarkers stress. impacted antioxidant capacity more significantly, drought-stressed extracts better protected plasmid DNA against oxidative damage. findings underline metabolic plasticity sprouts their potential targeted crop management for resilience.

Language: Английский

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Climate Change and Plant Foods: The Influence of Environmental Stressors on Plant Metabolites and Future Food Sources

Foods, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 416 - 416

Published: Jan. 27, 2025

Climate change is reshaping global agriculture by altering temperature regimes and other environmental conditions, with profound implications for food security agricultural productivity. This review examines how key stressors—such as extreme temperatures, water scarcity, increased salinity, UV-B radiation, elevated concentrations of ozone CO2—impact the nutritional quality bioactive compounds in plant-based foods. These stressors can modify composition essential nutrients, particularly phytochemicals, which directly affect viability specific crops certain regions subsequently influence human dietary patterns shifting availability resources. To address these challenges, there growing interest resilient plant species, including those natural tolerance to stress genetically modified variants, well alternative protein sources derived from plants. Additionally, unconventional sources, such invasive species algae, are being explored sustainable solutions future nutrition.

Language: Английский

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The Effect of the Glucosinolate Sinigrin on Alterations in Molecular Biomarkers of the Myocardium in Swiss Mice

Foods, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 327 - 327

Published: Jan. 20, 2025

Glucosinolates are chemically stable compounds that exhibit biological activity in the body following hydrolysis catalyzed by enzyme myrosinase. While existing vitro and vivo studies suggest products of glucosinolates predominantly exert beneficial effects both human animal organisms, some have found excessive consumption may lead to toxic anti-nutritional effects. Given primarily ingested diet through dietary supplements commercially available cruciferous vegetables, we investigated glucosinolate sinigrin on molecular markers myocardia healthy Swiss mice. This study aims elucidate whether induces positive or negative physiological mammals consumption. The alterations myocardial parameters were assessed measuring metabolic, inflammatory, structural, antioxidant markers. Our findings revealed subchronic exposure female mice resulted a significant increase (p ≤ 0.05) levels myokine irisin, matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2, MMP-9), catalase (CAT), total glutathione (tGSH), alongside marked decrease atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), compared control group consisting male These results potentially effect tissue possess capability modulate transcription factors sex-dependent manner. observation calls for further investigation into mechanisms regulating actions products, their interactions with sex hormones, determination permissible intake associated adverse outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Microvegetables and Their Potential Health Relevance: A Systematic Review of In Vitro and In Vivo Evidence

Journal of Food Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 2025(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

A rise in noncommunicable disease (NCD) prevalence has been partly attributed to the low intake of food groups rich phytochemicals, particularly fruits and vegetables. For this reason, microvegetables (MV) are an emerging functional group. Nutrient‐dense with bioactive compounds, MV exhibit properties that may be relevant for NCD malnutrition risk modulation. No chronic supplementation human clinical trials have conducted. However, experimental vitro vivo studies shown can exert a range beneficial effects. In systematic review, we analysed effects such investigations discussed potential mechanisms involved. bibliographical search was performed PubMed Scopus, based on inclusion criteria, 28 articles were summarised critically discussed. Twelve demonstrated direct antioxidant capabilities MVs via assays. Few investigated more physiologically impact endogenous cellular systems. proapoptotic activity immortalised cell lines, limited evidence indicating anti‐inflammatory, lipid gut microbiota‐modifying These warrant further investigation evaluate their translational potential, our summary literature offers rationale basis trials.

Language: Английский

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Structural Variations of Broccoli Polyphenolics and Their Antioxidant Capacity as a Function of Growing Temperature

Plants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(8), P. 1186 - 1186

Published: April 11, 2025

Polyphenolics in plants exist free, soluble-bound, and insoluble-bound structural forms. The concentration of these forms depends on the plant’s developmental stage, tissue type, soil water availability, food preparation methods. In this study, for first time, effects growth temperature (RT—room temperature—23 °C day/18 night, HT—high temperature—38 day/33 LT—low temperature—12 day/7 night) variations polyphenolic forms—free, soluble-bound (esterified glycosylated), insoluble-bound—in broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. convar. botrytis (L.) Alef. var. cymosa Duch.) microgreens were investigated. Using spectrophotometric, RP-HPLC, statistical analyses, it was found that highest amount total phenolics (TP) present esterified form, regardless at which they grown (63.21 ± 3.49 mg GAE/g dw RT, 65.55 8.33 HT, 77.44 7.82 LT). LT significantly increased free (from 13.30 2.22 RT to 18.33 3.85 dw) soluble TP 63.21 dw), while HT glycosylated 14.85 1.45 17.84 1.20 dw). also enhanced flavonoids, tannins, hydroxycinnamic acids, flavonols. other hand, TP, flavonols, phenolic decreased tannins. According ABTS method, induced antioxidant potential forms, capacity only. FRAP Also, based assays, polyphenolics showed higher than any form. Principal component analysis form had a greater impact temperature. Hierarchical clustering RT-, HT- LT-broccoli most similar their polyphenolics, but differed distinct overall. conclusion, specific shifts capacity. Based results, we recommend applying increase microgreens, may be used enhance

Language: Английский

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Phytochemical Composition and Functional Properties of Brassicaceae Microgreens: Impact of In Vitro Digestion

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(21), P. 11831 - 11831

Published: Nov. 4, 2024

The aim of this study was to compare the concentration phenolic compounds, glucosinolates, proteins, sugars and vitamin C between kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea var. acephala gongylodes), Savoy cabbage (B. sabauda), Brussels sprouts gemmifera), cauliflower botrytis), radish (Raphanus sativus) garden cress (Lepidium sativum) microgreens for their antioxidant hypoglycemic potential. In addition, we applied an in vitro-simulated system human digestion order track bioaccessibility selected representatives, stability microgreens’ potential terms α-amylase α-glucosidase inhibition after each phase. Using spectrophotometric RP-HPLC methods with statistical analyses, found that had lowest soluble sugar content, while highest glucosinolate levels (76.21 ± 4.17 mg SinE/g dm 77.73 3.33 dm, respectively). were most effective at inhibiting protein glycation (37.98 2.30% inhibition). A very high positive correlation (r = 0.830) antiglycation conjugated sinapic acid recorded. For first time, antidiabetic vitro studied. Kohlrabi best inhibited both initial intestinal (60.51 3.65% 62.96 3.39% inhibition, respectively), also showed strongest post-digestion (19.22 0.08% sprouts, cauliflower, less stable than inhibitors during digestion. Kohlrabi, cabbage, retained enzymes capacity remained unchanged greatest variability seen original samples, phase resulted convergence, indicating reduced differences samples. conclusion, highlights various as sources bioactive compounds properties. Notably, demonstrated significant enzyme digestion, suggesting promise managing carbohydrate metabolism supporting metabolic health.

Language: Английский

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Comprehensive Evaluation of 65 Leafy Mustard Cultivars for Chilling Tolerance to Low Temperature Stress at the Seedling Stage

Applied Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(16), P. 6971 - 6971

Published: Aug. 8, 2024

Mustard is an important cash crop of the genus Brassica in family Cruciferae. Low temperature environmental factor limiting growth mustard. In this study, 65 leafy mustard cultivars were used as experimental materials, 25 °C was set control temperature, and 5 chilling stress to investigated physiological response chlorophyll (Chl) content, soluble sugar (SS) proline (Pro) antioxidant enzyme activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) fluorescence injury. The tolerance coefficients each individual index measured correlation analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), membership function method, cluster applied evaluate tolerance. a comprehensive most chilling-tolerant cultivar SJTKJ, least DX. Stepwise regression establish mathematical model for evaluating mustard, four identification indices, including Fv/Fm, ΦPSII, POD Rfd screened. This study provides reference evaluation breeding new cultivars.

Language: Английский

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Effect of Protein, Carbohydrate, and Oil on Phytochemical Bioaccessibility and Bioactivities of the Ginkgo biloba L. Leaf Formulations After In Vitro Digestion

Molecules, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 29(22), P. 5300 - 5300

Published: Nov. 9, 2024

The present work evaluates the effect of casein, glucose, and olive oil on phytochemical bioaccessibility, antioxidant potential (DPPH FRAP), antidiabetic (inhibition amylase, α-glucosidase, BSA glycation), antihyperlipidemic lipase) gingko standardized leaf extract in form tablets after vitro digestion. Gingko formulations with protein, carbohydrates, had high (>70%) bioaccessibility quercetin, kaempferol, isorhamnetin each phases digestion comparison to moderate (35-70%) from water extract. Formulation highest majority tested polyphenolic groups terpene lactones oral intestinal was ginkgo oil. High (α-glucosidase were detected almost all formulations. Based results, we conclude that individual compounds or depends whether are taken foods (protein, oil).

Language: Английский

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