Discovery and characterization of a novel Lepidoptera‐specific antimicrobial peptide from the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) DOI Open Access

Wen‐Xuan Qi,

Feng Liu,

Fangfang Liu

et al.

Insect Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 17, 2024

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are critical components of innate immunity in diverse organisms, including plants, vertebrates, and insects. This study identified characterized a novel Lepidoptera-specific AMP, named lepidoptin, from the invasive pest Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Lepidoptin is 116-amino acid protein containing signal peptide β-sandwich domain that distinct previously reported AMPs. Temporal spatial expression analyses revealed significant upregulation lepidoptin gene vivo cultured SF9 cells response to pathogens. Molecular docking analysis specific binding cavity. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay assays confirmed can bind pathogen-associated molecular patterns, bacteria, fungi. Recombinant exhibited potent antibacterial activity by inducing bacterial agglutination, inhibiting growth, increasing membrane permeability, preventing biofilm formation. also showed antifungal against entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana spore germination, fungal cell reactive oxygen species. Injection recombinant into S. larvae increased survival after B. infection, whereas knockdown RNA interference decreased larval survival. In addition, antimicrobial plant pathogen Fusarium graminearum germination alleviating disease symptoms wheat seedlings cherry tomatoes. demonstrates remarkable dual functionality enhancing controlling pathogens, making it promising candidate for biocontrol strategies both management prevention.

Language: Английский

The effect of population density on the phenotype, metabolic and immunological adaptations in the cuticle of Spodoptera litura larvae DOI Open Access

Liang Wen,

Tingting Jin,

X. L. Luo

et al.

Pest Management Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 8, 2025

Abstract BACKGROUND Species that experience outbreaks and those display density‐dependent phase polymorphism demonstrate prophylaxis (DDP) by increasing their immune investment in response to densities. Despite this phenomenon, the mechanisms of DDP remain largely unexplored. RESULTS Here, we showed Spodoptera litura exhibited heightened cuticular melanization enhanced responses when reared at higher population density. Transcriptomic analysis identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with responses, nutritional metabolism, synthesis cuticle, revealing molecular underpinnings plasticity larval cuticles. Gregarious S. larvae significant up‐regulation immune‐related genes, particularly Toll deficiency (IMD) signaling pathways tyrosine suggesting a strategic enhancement defenses. Concurrently, reduced lipid metabolism was observed cuticle gregarious larvae, suppressed expression key fatty acid synthesis, leading decrease integument triglyceride content. The defense further amplified increased cuticle‐ melanin formation‐related chitin degradation, reinforcing as physical barrier against pathogens. CONCLUSION Our findings clarify shifts phenotypic plasticity, metabolic pathways, underscore adaptability insects density changes consequent vulnerability pathogens, offering new directions insights for uncovering underlying pest enhancing effectiveness biological control measures targeting immunity. © 2025 Society Chemical Industry.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Immunity responses as checkpoints for efficient transmission of begomoviruses by whiteflies DOI

Ilana Kuzminsky,

Murad Ghanim

Virology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 605, P. 110462 - 110462

Published: Feb. 21, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
The synthesis of nitric oxide regulated by JNK pathway in the pea aphid to defend against bacterial infection DOI
Li Ma, Yaya Liu, Jing Sun

et al.

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 180, P. 104315 - 104315

Published: April 22, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Transcriptomic analysis of Rhipicephalus microplus hemocytes from female ticks infected with Babesia bovis or Babesia bigemina DOI Creative Commons

Rubikah Vimonish,

Janaína Capelli‐Peixoto,

Wendell C. Johnson

et al.

Parasites & Vectors, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 18(1)

Published: Feb. 3, 2025

Abstract Background Tick hemolymph is a sterile fluid that carries nutrients to maintain tick health. The creates hostile environment for invaders including the destruction of microorganisms by its circulating hemocytes. However, Babesia parasites escape and disseminate other organs through continue their transmission life cycle. Still, it unknown how hemocytes respond B. bovis or bigemina infection. In this study, we conducted transcriptomic analysis from female Rhipicephalus microplus ticks infected with understand gene expression changes during parasite Methods During acute infection, R. were fed on bovines acquire parasites. Engorged females collected incubated develop kinetes in hemolymph. was examined identify highly kinetes. Hemocyte cells replete perform high-throughput RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) analysis. Results This study identified major profile main groups hemocyte genes altered infection associated metabolism, immunity, cytoskeletal rearrangement. Upregulated mainly involved defense mechanisms, while downregulated related cell proliferation apoptosis. varied among species’ infections, reflected occurred tick’s physiology, growth, reproduction, skeletal muscle development. Conclusions differential revealed regulated upon apoptosis, development, reproduction. Additional research necessary further define exhibited varying levels findings will enhance our understanding survive perpetuate cycle, ultimately contributing spread bovine babesiosis. Graphical

Language: Английский

Citations

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IAMPDB: A Knowledgebase of Manually Curated Insects‐Derived Antimicrobial Peptides DOI Creative Commons

Rajat Kumar Mondal,

Prabhat Tripathi,

Rudra Prasad Mondal

et al.

Journal of Peptide Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 31(3)

Published: Feb. 11, 2025

ABSTRACT Insects, a majority of animal species, rely on innate immunity and nti m icrobial p eptides (AMPs), which are part their immunity, to combat diverse parasites pathogens. These peptides have applications ranging from agriculture r esistance (AMR). However, there is lack specialized database, prompting the development I nsect A P eptide D ata b ase (IAMPDB) as pioneering comprehensive Knowledgebase dedicated i nsect‐ d erived (IAMPs), serving resource for researchers industry professionals. Curated UniProt associated literature(s), IAMPDB currently houses 438 curated entries IAMPs various insect spanning 10 taxonomical orders insects. Each entry meticulously annotated with details peptide sequence, source organism, activities, physicochemical properties, more. offers user‐friendly interface search options, interactive visualizations, links external databases; advanced tools, including sequence alignment toolbox feature calculation toolbox, facilitating alignment, property calculation, in‐depth analysis. The knowledgebase accessible online (at URL https://bblserver.org.in/iampdb/ ).

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Applications of antimicrobial peptides in plant pest and disease control DOI Creative Commons

P. A. S. Kawmudhi,

Surani Chathurika,

Laksiri Weerasinghe

et al.

Discover Plants., Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 2(1)

Published: March 7, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Progress in the classification, optimization, activity, and application of antimicrobial peptides DOI Creative Commons
Zhong‐Min Su,

Huajun Yu,

Tingting Lv

et al.

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: April 23, 2025

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) come from various sources and exhibit unique antimicrobial properties. Their rapid action, effectiveness, resistance to development make them promising alternatives combat antibiotic resistance. In addition its excellent antibacterial properties, AMPs have superior immunomodulatory, antitumor, antiviral activities. recent years, the demand for has continued increase in many fields, especially medical field, prospects are extensive. However, disadvantages of expensive cost, higher hemolysis, short half-life, susceptibility degradation by protein hydrolases, low bioavailability, toxic side effects, other disadvantages, which seriously limit wide application AMPs. Therefore, fewer been approved marketing or undergoing clinical trials. The review covers period 2001 2025 provides a detailed discussion searching databases such as Google Scholar Web Science. This paper reviews progress research on sources, structures, optimization strategies, biological activities, mechanisms applications. general, approaches number new increased significantly. improvement technologies high poor stability, bioavailability cost is still high, but widely used clinical, food, livestock, poultry, cosmetics fields. article focuses commonly strategies main activities AMPs, aiming effectively respond challenges provide theoretical basis expanding their range.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Exploring the role of RNASET2 in the immune response of black soldier fly larvae DOI Creative Commons

Sara Caramella,

Nicoló Baranzini, Daniele Bruno

et al.

Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 116(4)

Published: Aug. 1, 2024

T2 RNases are transferase-type enzymes distributed across phyla, crucial for breaking down single-stranded RNA molecules. In addition to their canonical function, several exhibit pleiotropic roles, contributing various biological processes, such as the immune response in invertebrates and vertebrates. This study aims at characterizing RNASET2 larvae of black soldier fly (BSF), Hermetia illucens, which used organic waste reduction production valuable insect biomolecules feed formulation other applications. Given exposure BSF pathogens present feeding substrate, it is likely that mechanisms have undergone significant evolution increased complexity. After silico characterization HiRNASET2, demonstrating high conservation this homolog, we investigated expression pattern enzyme fat body hemocytes, two districts mainly involved response, challenged with bacterial infection. While no variation HiRNASET2 was observed following infection, a upregulation synthesis occurred hemocytes shortly after injection bacteria larva. The intracellular localization lysosomes plasmatocytes, its extracellular association bacteria, presence putative antimicrobial domain molecule, suggest potential role clean-up an alarm molecule promoting phagocytosis activation by hemocytes. These insights contribute illucens may facilitate development animal feedstuff enriched highly bioactive compounds.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Identification of Multifunctional Putative Bioactive Peptides in the Insect Model Red Palm Weevil (Rhynchophorus ferrugineus) DOI Creative Commons
Carmen Scieuzo, Roberta Rinaldi, Fabiana Giglio

et al.

Biomolecules, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(10), P. 1332 - 1332

Published: Oct. 19, 2024

Innate immunity, the body's initial defense against bacteria, fungi, and viruses, heavily depends on antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which are small molecules produced by all living organisms. Insects, with their vast biodiversity, one of most abundant innovative sources AMPs. In this study, AMPs from red palm weevil (RPW)

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Machine Learning-Driven Discovery and Evaluation of Antimicrobial Peptides from Crassostrea gigas Mucus Proteome DOI Creative Commons

Jingchen Song,

Kelin Liu,

Xiaoyang Jin

et al.

Marine Drugs, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(9), P. 385 - 385

Published: Aug. 26, 2024

Marine antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) represent a promising source for combating infections, especially against antibiotic-resistant pathogens and traditionally challenging infections. However, traditional drug discovery methods face challenges such as time-consuming processes high costs. Therefore, leveraging machine learning techniques to expedite the of marine AMPs holds significant promise. Our study applies develop AMPs, focusing on

Language: Английский

Citations

1