The Role of Polyphenols in Abiotic Stress Tolerance and Their Antioxidant Properties to Scavenge Reactive Oxygen Species and Free Radicals

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(1), P. 74 - 74

Published: Jan. 10, 2025

Plants have evolved complex mechanisms to cope with diverse abiotic stresses, the phenylpropanoid pathway playing a central role in stress adaptation. This produces an array of secondary metabolites, particularly polyphenols, which serve multiple functions plant growth, development, regulating cellular processes, and responses. Recent advances understanding molecular underlying metabolism revealed regulatory networks involving MYB transcription factors as master regulators their interactions signaling pathways. review summarizes our current polyphenol-mediated adaptations plants, emphasizing regulation function key compounds. We discussed how various including heat chilling stress, drought, salinity, light UV radiation, nanoparticles chemical heavy metal toxicity, modulate trigger accumulation specific polyphenolic The antioxidant properties these phenolic acids, flavonoids, anthocyanins, lignin, roles reactive oxygen species scavenging, neutralizing free radicals, membrane stabilization, osmotic adjustment are discussed. Understanding metabolic responses is crucial for developing stress-resilient crops improving agricultural productivity under increasingly challenging environmental conditions. provides comprehensive insights into integrating adaptation mechanisms, highlighting potential targets enhancing crop tolerance through adjustment.

Language: Английский

Genetic and Epigenetic Changes in Arabidopsis thaliana Exposed to Ultraviolet-C Radiation Stress for 25 Generations

Life, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 502 - 502

Published: March 20, 2025

Continuous exposure to stress contributes species diversity and drives microevolutionary processes. It is still unclear, however, whether epigenetic changes, in the form of epimutations such as, for example, differential DNA methylation, are pre-requisite speciation events. We hypothesized that continuous would increase a higher extent than genetic diversity. In this work, we have analyzed effect 25 consecutive generations UV-C-stress on Arabidopsis thaliana genome epigenome. found no evidence increased tolerance UV-C progeny UV-C-stressed plants (F25UV) as compared control (F25C). Genetic analysis showed an number single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) deletions F25UV plants. Most common SNPs were mutations cytosines, C T, A, G. Analysis cytosine methylation significant percentage methylated cytosines at CG context F25C or F2C (parental control). The most differences between either group observed CHG CHH contexts; hypomethylated contexts was over 10 times F25UC group. clustered separately from other groups both genomic epigenomic analyses. GO term differentially genes revealed enrichments “DNA RNA metabolism”, “response stress”, biotic abiotic stimulus”, “signal transduction”. Our work thus demonstrates increases progeny, with changes occurring many stress-responsive pathways.

Language: Английский

Metabolomic Analysis of Elymus sibiricus Exposed to UV-B Radiation Stress

Molecules, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 29(21), P. 5133 - 5133

Published: Oct. 30, 2024

Plants cultivated on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) are exposed to high ultraviolet radiation intensities, so they require effective mechanisms adapt these stress conditions. UV-B is an abiotic factor that affects plant growth, development, and environmental adaptation. Elymus sibiricus a common species in alpine meadows of QTP, with high-stress resistance, large biomass, nutritional value. This plays important role establishing artificial grasslands improving degraded grasslands. In this study, radiation-tolerant radiation-sensitive E. genotypes were subjected simulated short-term (5 days, 10 days) long-term (15 20 metabolite profiles evaluated explore mechanism underlying resistance sibiricus. A total 699 metabolites identified, including 11 primary such as lipids lipid-like molecules, phenylpropanoids polyketides, organic acids their derivatives, oxygen compounds. Principal component analysis distinctly clustered samples according cultivar, indicating two exhibit distinct response stress. The results showed 14 metabolites, linoleic acid, LPC 18:2, xanthosine, 23 2-one heptamethoxyflavone, glycyrrhizin, caffeic acid differentially expressed under stress, respectively. Therefore, compounds potential biomarkers for evaluating Allantoin specific consistent expression was up-regulated genotype, thereby it can be used identify varieties resistant radiation. Different metabolic observed between genotypes. model pathways constructed metabolomic study provides reference breeding new cultivars.

Language: Английский