International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
25(20), P. 11053 - 11053
Published: Oct. 15, 2024
Streptococcus
species
represent
a
significant
global
cause
of
meningitis,
leading
to
brain
damage
through
bacterial
virulence
factors
and
the
host
inflammatory
response.
Upon
entering
central
nervous
system
(CNS),
excessive
inflammation
leads
various
neurological
psychological
complications.
This
review
explores
pathophysiological
mechanisms
associated
outcomes
streptococcal
particularly
its
short-
long-term
sequelae.
Neurological
symptoms,
such
as
cognitive
impairment,
motor
deficits,
sensory
loss,
are
shown
vary
in
severity,
with
children
being
susceptible
lasting
Among
survivors,
hearing
decline,
cranial
nerve
palsies
emerge
most
frequently
reported
The
findings
highlight
need
for
timely
intervention,
including
neurorehabilitation
strategies
that
focus
on
optimizing
recovery
mitigating
disabilities.
Future
recommendations
emphasize
improving
early
diagnosis,
expanding
vaccine
access,
personalizing
rehabilitation
protocols
enhance
patient
outcomes.
As
novel
contribution,
this
proposes
term
“post-meningitic
syndrome”
showcase
broad
spectrum
CNS
complications
persist
following
providing
framework
future
clinical
research
focus.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
9(1)
Published: Dec. 5, 2024
Abstract
Neutrophils,
the
most
abundant
type
of
granulocyte,
are
widely
recognized
as
one
pivotal
contributors
to
acute
inflammatory
response.
Initially,
neutrophils
were
considered
mobile
infantry
innate
immune
system,
tasked
with
immediate
response
invading
pathogens.
However,
recent
studies
have
demonstrated
that
versatile
cells,
capable
regulating
various
biological
processes
and
impacting
both
human
health
disease.
Cytokines
other
active
mediators
regulate
functional
activity
by
activating
multiple
receptors
on
these
thereby
initiating
downstream
signal
transduction
pathways.
Dysfunctions
in
disruptions
neutrophil
homeostasis
been
implicated
pathogenesis
numerous
diseases,
including
cancer
disorders,
often
due
aberrant
intracellular
signaling.
This
review
provides
a
comprehensive
synthesis
functions,
integrating
advancements
this
field.
Moreover,
it
examines
roles
signaling
pathways
involved
regulation
activity.
The
pathophysiology
diseases
emerging
therapeutic
approaches
targeting
them
also
elaborated.
addresses
current
limitations
within
field
research,
highlighting
critical
gaps
knowledge
warrant
further
investigation.
In
summary,
seeks
establish
multidimensional
model
regulation,
providing
new
perspectives
for
potential
clinical
applications
research.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
26(7), P. 3103 - 3103
Published: March 27, 2025
The
hybrid
offspring
of
barbel
chub
Squaliobarbus
curriculus
and
grass
carp
Ctenopharyngodon
idella
exhibit
stronger
resistance
to
the
reovirus
(GCRV)
infection
than
carp.
Toll-like
receptors
(TLRs)
play
indispensable
roles
in
antiviral
immunity
fish.
In
this
study,
structures
immune
functions
TLR19
(ScTLR19)
(CiTLR19)
were
compared.
amino
acid
sequence
ScTLR19
shared
high
similarity
(97.4%)
identity
(94.0%)
with
that
CiTLR19,
a
phylogenetic
tree
revealed
close
evolutionary
relationship
between
CiTLR19.
Protein
domain
composition
analyses
showed
possessed
an
additional
leucine-rich
repeat
(designated
as
LRR9)
located
at
positions
654-677
extracellular
region,
which
was
absent
Multiple
alignment
three-dimensional
structure
comparison
also
indicated
regions
CiTLR19
exhibited
greater
differences
compared
their
intracellular
regions.
Molecular
docking
region
(docking
score
=
-512.31)
tendency
for
binding
polyI:C,
-474.90).
Replacing
LRR9
corresponding
from
reduced
activity
confirmed
by
ELISA.
Moreover,
overexpression
experiments
suggested
could
regulate
both
IRF3-TRIF
IRF3-MyD88
signaling
pathways
during
GCRV
infection,
while
only
regulated
pathway.
Importantly,
replacing
altered
expression
regulation
on
IRF3,
MyD88,
TRIF
infection.
These
findings
collectively
reveal
structural
functional
they
may
provide
data
support
deeper
understanding
molecular
mechanisms
underlying
carp,
well
genetic
basis
heterosis
offspring.
Antioxidants,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
14(4), P. 431 - 431
Published: April 2, 2025
Lipopolysaccharide
(LPS)-induced
inflammation
impairs
sperm
function;
however,
its
impact
on
ejaculated
rabbit
remains
unexplored.
This
dose-response
study
aims
to
determine
the
LPS
concentration
that
negatively
affects
motility
in
vitro,
while
also
providing
first
identification
of
TLR4
localization
spermatozoa.
Additionally,
it
evaluates
malondialdehyde
(MDA)
levels
seminal
plasma
as
an
indicator
oxidative
stress.
Sperm
was
analyzed
using
computer-assisted
analysis
(CASA)
after
incubation
with
increasing
concentrations
(0,
50,
100,
200,
400,
600,
and
800
µg/mL)
at
multiple
time
points
1,
2,
4
h).
doses
≥
400
µg/mL
significantly
reduced
progressive
non-progressive
motility,
well
curvilinear
velocity
(all
p
<
0.001),
proportion
static
spermatozoa
(p
0.05).
Receiver
operating
characteristic
(ROC)
identified
300
threshold
dose
for
decline.
Immunofluorescence
revealed
midpiece
tails,
weak
labeling
control
samples
a
marked
increase
h
μg/mL
LPS.
MDA
were
assessed
thiobarbituric
acid
reactive
substances
(TBARS)
assay
colorimetric
kit,
showing
no
significant
effect
treatment.
No
correlation
found
between
other
semen
parameters.
ccThese
findings
identify
establish
future
vitro
studies.
