Pathogenesis of Endometriosis and Endometriosis-Associated Cancers

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(14), P. 7624 - 7624

Published: July 11, 2024

Endometriosis is a hormone-dependent, chronic inflammatory condition that affects 5-10% of reproductive-aged women. It complex disorder characterized by the growth endometrial-like tissue outside uterus, which can cause pelvic pain and infertility. Despite its prevalence, underlying molecular mechanisms this disease remain poorly understood. Current treatment options are limited focus mainly on suppressing lesion activity rather than eliminating it entirely. Although endometriosis generally considered benign condition, substantial evidence suggests increases risk developing specific subtypes ovarian cancer. The discovery cancer driver mutations in endometriotic lesions indicates may share pathways with Moreover, application single-cell spatial genomics, along development organoid models, has started to illuminate etiology. This review aims summarize key genetic alterations drive progression malignancy. We also significant recent advances understanding basis disorder, as well novel approaches vitro models offer new avenues for improving our pathology targeted therapies.

Language: Английский

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The connection between endometriosis and secondary dysmenorrhea

Journal of Reproductive Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 168, P. 104425 - 104425

Published: Jan. 9, 2025

Language: Английский

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Peritoneal Endometriosis Impairs Ovarian Reserve and Increases Atresia in a Rat Model

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 348 - 348

Published: Feb. 3, 2025

Background/Objectives: Endometriosis has a marked impact on fertility, although the mechanisms behind this relationship remain poorly understood, particularly in cases without significant anatomical distortions or context of ovarian endometriomas. This study aimed to investigate effect peritoneal endometriosis function by assessing reserve and apoptosis. Methods: Peritoneal was surgically induced Sprague Dawley rats through autotransplantation uterine fragments onto bowel mesothelium. One month post-surgery, structures were counted, follicle corpora lutea apoptosis evaluated TUNEL, apoptotic-related protein expression ovaries assessed Western blot. Additionally, co-culture system using 12Z endometriotic KGN granulosa cell lines utilized evaluate gene RT-qPCR. Results: Rats with exhibited reduction characterized low number total follicles, primordial, primary, preantral, late-antral follicles. Consistently, AMH decreased presence endometriosis. In addition, disease led increase follicles that TUNEL-positive apoptotic cells lutea, indicating higher ovaries. Concomitantly, altered apoptosis-related proteins observed, increased procaspase 3 BCL-2 expression. co-cultured displayed reduced KITLG mRNA AMHR2 Conclusions: significantly impairs health disrupting folliculogenesis, reducing reserve, increasing apoptosis, potentially accelerating aging contributing infertility. These results underscore need for further research identify molecular pathways involved develop targeted therapeutic strategies.

Language: Английский

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Statins: Is it New Weaponry against Endometriosis?

Advances in Human Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 21, 2025

Abstract Introduction: Endometriosis is a prevalent female illness linked to infertility and pelvic pain. In vitro studies suggest that statins reduce endometrial stroma growth hinder angiogenesis. Objectives: The objectives of this study were assess if dienogest (DNZ) + atorvastatin (ATV) more effective than DNZ alone in women with symptomatic endometrioma. Materials Methods: This prospective comparative was done the Department Reproductive Endocrinology Infertility, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Shahbag, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Women endometrioma enrolled divided into treatment arm ATV plus control alone. To examine association between Group A (DNZ Statin) B regarding statistical model, multilevel mixed-effects regression analysis conducted evaluate relationship primary exposures, additional independent factors outcomes such as size pain level. Results: Participants experienced for 3 years B, which found statistically significant ( P < 0.001). Again, mixed-level exposure showed post-intervention, decreased by 0.81 units (95% confidence interval [CI]: −1.10, −0.52, 0.001) levels 3.81 CI: −4.31, −3.30, Interestingly, 1.64 higher obese group 0.36, 2.92, = 0.012). Amongst participants reporting menstrual problems, reduced 0.92 −1.32, Conclusion: findings revealed both regimens efficiently lowered endometriomas relieved discomfort subjects.

Language: Английский

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Ferroptosis in Endometriosis: Traditional Chinese Medicine Interventions and Mechanistic Insights

The American Journal of Chinese Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 24

Published: March 27, 2025

Endometriosis (EMS) is a chronic, estrogen-dependent inflammatory disease affecting 5–10% of women reproductive age, characterized by the growth endometrial tissue on outside uterus. The dysregulation iron metabolism leads to accumulation ions at lesion sites, resulting in oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory responses that promote progression EMS. mechanisms underlying ferroptosis EMS primarily involve accumulation, lipid peroxidation, loss glutathione peroxidase 4 activity. These confer resistance within ectopic tissues facilitate cell survival proliferation. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has demonstrated therapeutic potential for modulating ferroptosis. Studies have shown TCM monomers may regulate transport proteins anti-oxidant defense mechanisms. formulas employ distinct treatment strategies depending stage EMS: early stages, they control growth, whereas later inhibit reduce inflammation order improve health slow progression. This study provides new perspective management summarizing role its pathological reviewing findings use regulating

Language: Английский

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The Multifactorial Pathogenesis of Endometriosis: A Narrative Review Integrating Hormonal, Immune, and Microbiome Aspects

Medicina, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 61(5), P. 811 - 811

Published: April 27, 2025

Endometriosis (EM) is a common estrogen-dependent chronic inflammatory disorder affecting reproductive-aged women, yet its pathogenesis remains incompletely understood. Recent evidence suggests that the gut microbiota significantly influence immune responses, estrogen metabolism, and systemic inflammation, potentially contributing to EM progression. This narrative review explores relationship between EM, emphasizing microbial dysbiosis, regulation, potential microbiome-targeted therapies. Studies published within last 30 years were included, focusing on composition, modulation, therapeutic interventions in EM. The selection criteria prioritized peer-reviewed articles, clinical trials, meta-analyses, reviews investigating microbiota’s role pathophysiology treatment. Microbial dysbiosis characterized by reduced abundance of beneficial bacteria (Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Ruminococcaceae) an increased prevalence pro-inflammatory taxa (Escherichia/Shigella, Streptococcus, Bacteroides). modulate metabolism via estrobolome, levels lesion proliferation. Additionally, lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from Gram-negative activate TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway, exacerbating inflammation symptoms. interaction microbiota, dysregulation, critical pathogenesis. While microbiota-targeted offer benefits, further large-scale, multi-center studies are needed validate biomarkers optimize microbiome-based therapies for Integrating microbiome research with precision medicine may enhance diagnostic accuracy improve treatment efficacy.

Language: Английский

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Endometriotic lesions express microRNAs that potentially regulate the transcription of hydroxysteroid 17-beta dehydrogenase 2 (HSD17B2): a pilot study

Journal of Endometriosis and Uterine Disorders, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8, P. 100093 - 100093

Published: Sept. 11, 2024

Language: Английский

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Modern view on the experimental creation of endometriosis in animal models (own data)

Russian Journal of Human Reproduction, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(6), P. 55 - 55

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Experimental modeling, prevention, and treatment of endometriosis-associated adhesion formation in NIH/3T3 fibroblast cell line using bovhyaluronidase azoximer (in vitro)

Russian Journal of Human Reproduction, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(6), P. 61 - 61

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Endometriosis – hormones and treatment

Medical Journal of Cell Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(2), P. 54 - 60

Published: Sept. 1, 2024

Abstract Endometriosis is a prevalent condition, affecting 10-15% of women reproductive age and approximately 70% those with chronic pelvic pain. An estimated 176 million worldwide are affected by this disease. The condition occurs predominantly between menarche menopause, peak incidence the ages 25 45. characterized presence endometrial-like tissue outside uterine cavity, leading to formation lesions most commonly in ovaries but also fallopian tubes, gastrointestinal tract, occasionally distant locations like pleura central nervous system. Symptoms include pain, heavy painful menstrual periods, dyspareunia, urination, defecation. Diagnosis involves combination medical history, physical examination, imaging techniques, gold standard, diagnostic laparoscopy. There an average delay 6.7 years symptom onset diagnosis, often due variable confusing symptoms resembling other conditions. pathogenesis endometriosis genetic, hormonal, environmental factors, significant roles played estrogens progesterone. Treatment strategies focus on managing through pain relief, hormonal therapy, surgical interventions, although no permanent cure exists. Hormonal imbalances, particularly interaction progesterone estrogens, play crucial role disease progression. Current research explores various treatment options, including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antioxidants, methods improve quality life for patients.

Language: Английский

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