Overcoming Challenges in Small-Molecule Drug Bioavailability: A Review of Key Factors and Approaches

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(23), P. 13121 - 13121

Published: Dec. 6, 2024

The bioavailability of small-molecule drugs remains a critical challenge in pharmaceutical development, significantly impacting therapeutic efficacy and commercial viability. This review synthesizes recent advances understanding overcoming limitations, focusing on key physicochemical biological factors influencing drug absorption distribution. We examine cutting-edge strategies for enhancing bioavailability, including innovative formulation approaches, rational structural modifications, the application artificial intelligence design. integration nanotechnology, 3D printing, stimuli-responsive delivery systems are highlighted as promising avenues improving delivery. discuss importance holistic, multidisciplinary approach to optimization, emphasizing early-stage consideration ADME properties need patient-centric also explores emerging technologies such CRISPR-Cas9-mediated personalization microbiome modulation tailored enhancement. Finally, we outline future research directions, advanced predictive modeling, barriers, addressing challenges modalities. By elucidating complex interplay affecting this aims guide efforts developing more effective accessible therapeutics.

Language: Английский

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Development and Characterization of Zein/Eudragit Composite Nanoparticles for Insulin Intranasal Delivery

ACS Omega, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 21, 2025

Language: Английский

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Special Issue “The Tight Junction and Its Proteins: From Structure to Pathologies”

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(23), P. 13154 - 13154

Published: Dec. 7, 2024

Most tight junction (TJ) proteins build epithelial and endothelial barriers [...].

Language: Английский

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