Role of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists in People With Infertility and Pregnancy

Obstetrics and Gynecology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 23, 2025

Obesity is a chronic condition that causes significant morbidity and mortality in people the United States around world. Traditional means of weight loss include diet, exercise, behavioral modifications, surgery. New medications, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, are revolutionizing management but have implications for fertility pregnancy. associated with infertility may affect response to ovulation induction medications. In pregnancy, obesity increases risks spontaneous abortion, birth defects, gestational diabetes, hypertensive disorders cesarean delivery, stillbirth. Lifestyle changes alone not improved outcomes. Glucagon-like agonists new medications targeting gut hormones can help achieve their goals contraindicated Obstetrician-gynecologists should work patients manage these before they become pregnant, between pregnancies, after delivery.

Language: Английский

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Epicardial adipose tissue as target of the incretin-based therapies in cardio-metabolic pathologies: a narrative review

Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 6, 2025

The epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) serves in physiological conditions as a mechanical and thermal myocardial protective layer, well readily available lipid-storage unit. In pathological conditions, EAT expansion becomes deleterious is currently recognized an independent risk factor for the progression of cardiovascular diseases. phenotypic shift from to pro-inflammatory/pro-oxidant facilitated by presence metabolic diseases (obesity, syndrome, diabetes), which further increase its dysregulation, favor occurrence complications (mainly atrial fibrillation), promote towards heart failure. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists are novel antidiabetic medications belonging incretin class that have demonstrated efficacy beyond glycemic control, terms weight reduction cardiorenal protection patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. GLP-1 receptors glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) expressed human targeted increasing number pharmacological agonists, pleiotropic effects on structure function. Herein we review literature characterizing benefits GIP activation single dual particular emphasis their highlight role incretin-based therapy management cardiometabolic pathologies.

Language: Английский

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Current Insights, Advantages and Challenges of Small Molecule Glucagon-like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists: A Scoping Review

Journal of Brown Hospital Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 4(2)

Published: April 1, 2025

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a prevalent chronic condition with significant morbidity and mortality, largely due to its vascular complications. The emergence of novel pharmacological agents, particularly glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), has revolutionized T2DM management by addressing glycemic control comorbidities such as cardiovascular renal diseases. Traditionally, GLP-1RAs require subcutaneous injection, presenting challenges in patient adherence limiting combination therapy options. Recent advancements have introduced orally available small-molecule GLP-1RAs, which retain the physiological benefits peptide-based promoting insulin secretion, reducing appetite, improving weight loss. These small molecules offer enhanced tissue permeability, extended half-lives, potential for fixed-dose combinations, limitations injectable formulations. This review explores preclinical clinical progress highlighting their redefine care convenience, adherence, accessibility patients.

Language: Английский

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Association between lipid accumulation products and relative handgrip strength: a large population-based study

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: April 4, 2025

Given the increasing prevalence of chronic diseases in aging population, it is great importance to gain an understanding how changes body composition affect health outcomes. Handgrip strength (HGS) serves as a valuable proxy for overall muscle strength, while relative HGS (RHGS) adjusts size, providing more accurate assessment relationship between and metabolic disease. Lipid accumulation products (LAP) are indicator that can reflect visceral lipid accumulation. Based on previous studies, LAP RHGS has not been explored. This study aims address this gap literature provide insights public recommendations. Data was collected extracted from 2011-2014 National Health Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database. calculated arithmetic product waist circumference (WC) fasting plasma triglyceride (TG), calculation following formulas: females, [WC (cm) - 58] × [TG (mmol/l)], males, 65] (mmol/l)]; derived BMI ratio. The correlation variables initially explored using multivariate linear regression. Secondly, smoothed-fitted curves were used investigate non-linear variables. inflection point values determined based results threshold effect analysis. Subgroup analyses also conducted assess stability different populations. analyzed 3990 patients. After accounting covariates, regression analysis demonstrated significant negative increased levels (beta coefficient = -0.0020; 95% confidence interval CI: -0.0023 -0.0017; P < 0.0001). interaction test did have statistically association. Furthermore, curve fit with breakpoint at 49.8083 cm·mmol/L. demonstrate inverse various populations United States. These findings compelling evidence clinical significance predictor RHGS, offering developing early intervention strategies high-risk

Language: Английский

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Liraglutide Attenuates FFA-Induced Retinal Pigment Epithelium Dysfunction via AMPK Activation and Lipid Homeostasis Regulation in ARPE-19 Cells

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(8), P. 3704 - 3704

Published: April 14, 2025

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of irreversible vision loss in the elderly, and it characterized by oxidative stress, lipid dysregulation, dysfunction retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). A hallmark AMD presence drusen, extracellular deposits rich lipids, proteins, cellular debris, which are secreted RPE. These impair RPE function, promote chronic inflammation, accelerate disease progression. Despite advancements understanding pathogenesis, therapeutic strategies targeting dysregulation damage cells remain limited. This study evaluated effects liraglutide, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA), on free fatty acid (FFA)-induced ARPE-19 cells, widely used vitro model dysfunction. FFA treatment induced droplet accumulation, epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), processes implicated Liraglutide significantly reduced mitigated suppressed EMT, as demonstrated high-content imaging, immunocytochemistry, molecular assays. Mechanistic analyses revealed that liraglutide activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), enhancing lipophagy restoring homeostasis. Furthermore, influenced exosome secretion, altering paracrine signaling reducing EMT markers neighboring cells. findings underscore liraglutide’s potential to address critical mechanisms underlying including EMT. provides foundational evidence supporting development GLP-1 agonists targeted therapies for AMD.

Language: Английский

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Spotlight on the Mechanism of Action of Semaglutide

Current Issues in Molecular Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 46(12), P. 14514 - 14541

Published: Dec. 23, 2024

Initially intended to control blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes, semaglutide, a potent glucagon-like peptide 1 analogue, has been established as an effective weight loss treatment by controlling appetite. Integrating the latest clinical trials, semaglutide or without diabetes presents significant therapeutic efficacy ameliorating cardiometabolic risk factors and physical functioning, independent of body reduction. Semaglutide may modulate adipose tissue browning, which enhances human metabolism exhibits possible benefits skeletal muscle degeneration, accelerated obesity ageing. This be attributed anti-inflammatory, mitochondrial biogenesis, antioxidant autophagy-regulating effects. However, most supporting evidence on mechanistic actions is preclinical, demonstrated rodents not actually confirmed humans, therefore warranting caution interpretation. article aims explore potential innovative molecular mechanisms action restoring balance several interlinking aspects metabolism, pointing distinct functions inflammation oxidative stress insulin-sensitive musculoskeletal tissues. Moreover, applications protection from infections anti-aging properties are discussed. enhancement core involved progress although mostly provide framework for future research diseases overall.

Language: Английский

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Impact of Fasting on Physical Activity Motivation and Weight Reduction in Patients Administered Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Agonists: A Qualitative Study

Patient Preference and Adherence, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: Volume 19, P. 19 - 28

Published: Dec. 31, 2024

Language: Английский

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