Antibodies Against Melanoma Antigens – Clinical and Therapeutical Markers

Published: Jan. 31, 2025

Melanoma-Associated Antigens (MAA) are correlated with tumor development, progression and metastatic dissemination. MAA can be targeted in immunotherapy by specific antibodies or cytotoxic T-cells. actually self-antigens and, thus, weak immunogens because they induce various degrees of immune tolerance. Four families involved clinical monitoring therapy efficacy, such as: melanocyte lineage/differentiation antigens, oncofetal/cancer-testis GAGE antigens the extended family cell-adhesion receptors. Antibodies against important players response generated melanoma patients. These found increased patients proposed as biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis monitoring, especially domain. The anti-tumoral function is determined its isotype subclass, hence IgG4 has an immune-suppressive action level a poor while IgG2 properties. There still debates regarding role auto-antibodies therapy, if their presence sign toxicity efficacy. New therapies, like CAR T-cells, relying on described. In immune-therapy, autoantibodies associating severe related adverse effects were identified patients, but was connected good treatment response. immune-therapy domain, T-lymphocytes main focus, another importanT-cell, slightly neglected melanoma, B-cell antitumor functions developing next generation immuno-oncology therapies. Evaluating B-cells both generators antigen presenting cells widen immune-based therapies melanoma.

Language: Английский

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MPO and its role in cancer, cardiovascular and neurological disorders: an update

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 755, P. 151578 - 151578

Published: March 2, 2025

Language: Английский

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Novel Biological Strategies for Melanoma Therapy: A Focus on lncRNAs and Their Targeting

Cancers, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(8), P. 1273 - 1273

Published: April 9, 2025

Increasing evidence revealed that restoring the correct expression of lncRNAs could have implications in management melanoma patients. In this context, here, we aim to dissect main characteristics altered and their crosstalk with signaling pathways involved progression disease. We also highlight role nucleic acid-based techniques natural compounds (i.e., phytochemicals) as a therapeutic tool increase or silence cancer cells. Finally, explore advances nanotechnologies delivery systems efficiently carry these chemicals into cells, thus limiting potential off-target effects. The analysis literature showed HOTAIR, MALAT1, H19 are oncogenic most studied melanoma, while MEG3 is an important tumor suppressor decreased cancer. aberrant affects several hallmarks cancer, e.g., proliferation, motility, epithelial mesenchymal transition, promoting plasticity drug resistance. frame, siRNA, antisense oligonucleotide, CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing appear be effective acid strategies restore physiologic lncRNA, curcumin, resveratrol, quercetin phytochemicals able target influence Overall, study provides comprehensive overview regarding phenotype cells targeting using RNA-based therapy products.

Language: Английский

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Translating genetics into tissue: inflammatory cytokine-producing TAMs and PD-L1 tumor expression as poor prognosis factors in cutaneous melanoma

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: May 8, 2025

Myeloid cells within tumor microenvironments exhibit significant heterogeneity and play a critical role in influencing clinical outcomes. In this study, we investigated the infiltration of various myeloid cell subtypes cohort cutaneous melanomas, revealing no correlation between densities occurrence distant metastasis. We further examined phenotypic characteristics primary melanoma tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) utilizing seven-phenotype classification recently proposed by Ma et al., derived from extensive pan-cancer single-cell RNA-sequencing studies. First, analyzed transcriptomic profile TAMs isolated stage IV metastasizing alongside melanoma-conditioned monocytes cultured vitro, both supporting inflammatory cytokine-producing macrophage phenotype. Next, employed multicolor fluorescence confocal microscopy, to assess expression TAM phenotype markers at protein level samples. Notably, indicative phenotype, quantified level, were significantly enriched tumors, demonstrating an independent with shorter disease-free overall survival (log-rank test, p< 0.0002). Additionally, our screening revealed that PD-L1 positivity cells, rather than TAMs, was associated poor prognosis, highlighting novel aspect immune landscape melanoma.

Language: Английский

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Antiproliferative effects of LY-2183240 combined with various chemotherapeutic drugs in an isobolographic in vitro model of malignant melanoma

European Journal of Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 982, P. 176937 - 176937

Published: Aug. 24, 2024

Language: Английский

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LAG3 immune inhibitors: a novel strategy for melanoma treatment

Frontiers in Oncology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Dec. 18, 2024

Melanoma, a highly aggressive skin cancer, poses significant challenges in treatment, particularly for advanced or metastatic cases. While immunotherapy, especially immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting CTLA-4 and PD-1, has transformed melanoma management, many patients experience limited responses develop resistance, highlighting the need new therapeutic strategies. Lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG-3) emerged as promising target cancer immunotherapy. LAG-3 have shown potential restoring T cell functions enhancing anti-tumor immunity, when used combination with existing ICIs. This review discusses latest advancements inhibition melanoma, emphasizing its role overcoming resistance improving patient outcomes.

Language: Английский

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