Malnutrition and Its Influence on Gut sIgA–Microbiota Dynamics

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 179 - 179

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

In the current era, malnutrition is seen as both undernutrition and overweight obesity; conditions are caused by nutrient deficiency or excess improper use imbalance in intake of macro micronutrients. Recent evidence suggests that alters intestinal microbiota, known dysbiosis. Secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) plays an important role maintaining increasing beneficial microbiota populations protecting against pathogenic species. Depletion bacterial throughout life also conditioned malnutrition. This review aims to synthesize establishes interrelationship between diet, malnutrition, changes flora, sIgA levels. Targeted nutritional therapies combined with prebiotic, probiotic, postbiotic administration can restore immune response intestine host’s homeostasis.

Language: Английский

---

Gallic acid: a dietary metabolite’s therapeutic potential in the management of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Jan. 7, 2025

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) causes significant morbidity and mortality globally. Most of the chemicals specifically target certain pathways minimally impact other diseases associated with ASCVD. Moreover, interactions these drugs can cause toxic reactions. Consequently, exploration multi-targeted safe medications for treating preventing ASCVD has become an increasingly popular trend. Gallic acid (GA), a natural secondary metabolite found in various fruits, plants, nuts, demonstrated potentials ASCVD, addition to its known antioxidant anti-inflammatory effects. It alleviates entire process atherosclerosis (AS) by reducing oxidative stress, improving endothelial dysfunction, inhibiting platelet activation aggregation. Additionally, GA treat ASCVD-related diseases, such as coronary heart (CHD) cerebral ischemia. However, pharmacological actions prevention treatment have not been comprehensively reviewed, which limits clinical development. This review primarily summarizes vitro vivo on related risk factors AS, it provides comprehensive overview toxicity, extraction, synthesis, pharmacokinetics, pharmaceutics GA,aimed enhance understanding applications further research

Language: Английский

---

Obesity-Related Chronic Kidney Disease: From Diagnosis to Treatment

Diagnostics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 169 - 169

Published: Jan. 14, 2025

Obesity has emerged as a global epidemic with far-reaching health complications, including its role an independent risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD). Increasing evidence suggests that obesity contributes to CKD through multiple mechanisms, inflammation, hemodynamic alterations, insulin resistance, and lipid accumulation. These processes can culminate in histopathological changes collectively referred obesity-related glomerulopathy (ORG). This review aims provide comprehensive overview of the current knowledge regarding prevalence, clinical manifestations, pathophysiology ORG. Furthermore, we emphasize importance identifying key biomarkers facilitate early detection Finally, explore emerging therapeutic strategies offer promise mitigating this growing crisis.

Language: Английский

---

Could a Mediterranean Diet Modulate Alzheimer’s Disease Progression? The Role of Gut Microbiota and Metabolite Signatures in Neurodegeneration

Foods, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(9), P. 1559 - 1559

Published: April 29, 2025

Neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common form of dementia, represent a growing global health crisis, yet current treatment strategies remain primarily palliative. Recent studies have shown that neurodegeneration through complex interactions within gut-brain axis largely depends on gut microbiota and its metabolites. This review explores intricate molecular mechanisms linking dysbiosis to cognitive decline, emphasizing impact microbial metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), bile acids, tryptophan neuroinflammation, blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity, amyloid-β tau pathology. The paper highlights major microbiome signatures associated with disease, detailing their metabolic pathways inflammatory crosstalk. Dietary interventions promise in modulating composition, potentially mitigating neurodegenerative processes. critically examines influence dietary patterns, Mediterranean Western diets, microbiota-mediated neuroprotection. Bioactive compounds like prebiotics, omega-3 polyphenols exhibit neuroprotective effects by reducing neuroinflammation. Furthermore, it discusses emerging microbiome-based therapeutic strategies, probiotics, postbiotics, fecal transplantation (FMT), potential for slowing progression. Despite these advances, several knowledge gaps remain, interindividual variability responses need large-scale, longitudinal studies. study proposes an integrative, precision medicine approach, incorporating science into paradigms. Ultimately, cognizance at mechanistic level could unlock novel avenues, offering non-invasive, diet-based strategy managing improving health.

Language: Английский

---

Role of Microbiota-Derived Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) in Modulating the Gut–Brain Axis: Implications for Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Disease Pathogenesis

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(12), P. 2670 - 2670

Published: Nov. 23, 2024

Microbiota-derived hydrogen sulfide (H2S) plays a crucial role in modulating the gut–brain axis, with significant implications for neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s. H2S is produced by sulfate-reducing bacteria gut acts critical signaling molecule influencing brain health via various pathways, including regulating inflammation, oxidative stress, immune responses. maintains barrier integrity at physiological levels prevents systemic which could impact neuroinflammation. However, has dual or Janus face, excessive production, often resulting from dysbiosis, can compromise intestinal exacerbate processes promoting neuroinflammation glial cell dysfunction. This imbalance linked to early pathogenesis of Parkinson’s diseases, where overproduction exacerbates beta-amyloid deposition, tau hyperphosphorylation, alpha-synuclein aggregation, driving neuroinflammatory responses neuronal damage. Targeting microbiota restore homeostasis through dietary interventions, probiotics, prebiotics, fecal transplantation presents promising therapeutic approach. By rebalancing microbiota-derived H2S, these strategies may mitigate neurodegeneration offer novel treatments underscoring axis maintaining central nervous system health.

Language: Английский

---

Metagenomic analysis of goat feces from Ogliastra (Sardinia, Italy)

Frontiers in Microbiomes, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 3

Published: Jan. 21, 2025

With its constitutive and functional characteristics, the intestinal microbiota plays a crucial role in health condition of animals. Variations composition gene expression are associated with risk onset various pathologies gastrointestinal tract chronic inflammatory diseases. The objectives this study were to evaluate variability goats different breeds (Sarda, Maltese, Alpine) farmed flocks region Ogliastra (Sardegna, Italy) assess whether type feeding (natural pasture grazing-based versus intensive) could affect bacterial composition. We also evaluated possible differences between healthy Caprine arthritis encephalitis (CAE)-affected goats. economic damage caused by pathology is due reduction milk production, infected animals having greater susceptibility contract results our highlighted statistically significant difference ( P = 0.001–0.005) intensively managed flock other natural pasture-based flock.g In particular, significantly abundance Acidoaminococcaceae intensive was obgserved. Furthermore, Prevotellaceae found two localities which, out total 29 animals, only four tested negative for CAE. From these data, we deduced that presence can be an indication disease. This attributed farming system, Cardedu farm being one, geographical distance location from sampling sites. Therefore, present suggest extensive or management may

Language: Английский

---

The Role of Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in Erectile Dysfunction: From Pathophysiology to Treatment Strategies

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 250 - 250

Published: Jan. 23, 2025

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a prevalent male sexual disorder characterized by the persistent inability to achieve or maintain an erection sufficient for satisfactory performance. While its etiology multifactorial, encompassing vascular, neurological, hormonal, and psychological components, emerging evidence suggests significant role gut microbiota dysbiosis in development. The influences various metabolic, inflammatory, neuropsychological processes critical erectile function. Dysbiosis can lead systemic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, hormonal imbalances, altered neurotransmitter production, all of which are key factors ED pathogenesis. This narrative review synthesizes current research on association between alterations ED, highlighting specific bacterial taxa implicated through mechanisms involving metabolic disturbances, regulation. explores potential linking including pro-inflammatory cytokines, barrier integrity disruption, disorders, via gut–brain axis, Furthermore, offers promising avenues developing non-invasive biomarkers therapeutic interventions such as probiotics, prebiotics, dietary modifications, fecal transplantation. Future should focus longitudinal studies, mechanistic explorations, clinical trials validate these findings translate them into practice. Understanding interplay function could unveil novel diagnostic pave way innovative treatments targeting microbiota, ultimately improving men’s overall health.

Language: Английский

---

Special Issue “Molecular Mechanisms of Bioactive Nutrients Promoting Health Through Gut Microbiota 2.0”

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(3), P. 1081 - 1081

Published: Jan. 26, 2025

This Special Issue of the International Journal Molecular Sciences focuses on highly relevant and rapidly developing topic gut microbiota research [...]

Language: Английский

---

Dietary Factors Influencing the Intensity of Low-Grade Inflammation in Obesity

Obesities, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 5(1), P. 12 - 12

Published: March 1, 2025

According to WHO (World Health Organization), in 2022, 43% of adults worldwide were overweight and 16% suffered from obesity. Overweight obesity is a condition which the body, due excess consumed calories, accumulates it form adipose tissue. However, this tissue not only an energy store but also secretes numerous adipokines, mainly with pro-inflammatory effects. The mobilization immune system accumulation called low-grade inflammation (LGI) mediating factor between body weight diseases such as cardiovascular disease, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, sleep apnea, even cancer. aim review update reports related dietary factors influencing severity or alleviation obese people. used studies PubMed Google Scholar last 10 years. results indicate that Western diet, rich processed foods, high levels saturated fatty acids, simple sugars, salt, low fiber nutrient content (vitamins minerals), leads increased inflammation. On other hand, calorie restrictions appropriate balance macronutrients, antioxidant anti-inflammatory nutrients (e.g., polyphenols, vitamins A, C, E, selenium) may reduce LGI, reducing risk obesity-related diseases.

Language: Английский

---

Effects of Supplementation with Microalgae Extract from Tetradesmus obliquus Strain Mi175.B1.a on Gastrointestinal Symptoms and Mental Health in Healthy Adults: A Pilot Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel-Arm Trial

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(6), P. 960 - 960

Published: March 10, 2025

Microalgae, a marine-derived natural ingredient, has emerged as rich source of bioactive compounds with the potential to modulate gut–brain axis activities. The objective this study was investigate whether supplementation microalgae extract from Tetradesmus obliquus strain Mi175.B1.a (TOME) influences gut health and reduces stress anxiety in healthy adults experiencing mild moderate gastrointestinal (GI) distress. Methods: Fifty-six (age: 31.9 ± 7.7 years; body weight: 71.8 12.6 kg; BMI: 24.6 2.8 kg/m2) were enrolled randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-arm clinical trial. Participants randomly allocated receive capsules containing either 250 mg/day TOME or placebo for four weeks. Primary outcomes included assessment GI symptoms using Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) Bristol Stool (BSS). Secondary focused on subjective evaluation mood, stress, anxiety, well blood pressure responses sympathetic nervous system activation induced by cold pressor test (CPT). In addition, stool, plasma, saliva samples collected assess biomarkers associated activation, intestinal permeability, health. 16S rRNA sequencing performed analyze changes microbial populations. Results: Daily weeks safe tolerated population. significantly reduced GSRS global scores (p = 0.02), constipation 0.05) indigestion 0.03) subcomponent compared Placebo. There also significant increase Shannon’s index before FDR correction 0.05; 0.12) stool butyrate level lower group than Placebo after 4 0.039). Both groups showed reduction perceived scores, but intervention had Negative Affect < 0.001). plasma chromogranin A, biomarker, 0.03). no negative effects lipids other parameters related cardiovascular Conclusions: Overall, these results suggest that 4-week T. improves symptoms, potentially through microbiota, may promote positive mental Additional research should follow up populations increased mechanisms underlying improvements This trial registered at clinicaltrials.gov NCT06425094.

Language: Английский

---