Comprehensive Review of Early and Late Toxicities in CAR T-Cell Therapy and Bispecific Antibody Treatments for Hematologic Malignancies

Cancers, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(2), P. 282 - 282

Published: Jan. 17, 2025

Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (or CAR-T) therapy and bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) have revolutionized the treatment of hematologic malignancies, offering new options for relapsed or refractory cases. However, these therapies carry risks early complications, such as cytokine release syndrome (CRS) immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity (ICANS), delayed issues like graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), infections, secondary cancers. Effective management requires diagnosis using advanced biomarkers imaging, along with prompt interventions involving immunosuppressants, corticosteroids, inhibitors. A multidisciplinary approach is essential, integrating hematologists, oncologists, infectious specialists, emerging strategies targeted biologics personalized medicine showing promise in balancing efficacy toxicity management. Ongoing research critical to refine diagnostics treatments, ensuring that not only extend survival but also improve patients' quality life. This review provides insights healthcare professionals quickly recognize treat complications CAR-T BsAbs therapies. By focusing on detection through imaging outlining timely therapeutic interventions, it aims equip care team knowledge necessary manage challenges treatments effectively, ultimately optimizing patient outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Comprehensive analysis of adverse events associated with T-cell engagers using the FAERS database

Expert Opinion on Drug Safety, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 21, 2025

T-cell engagers (TCEs) are transformative immunotherapies with significant potential in treating hematologic malignancies and solid tumors. However, their real-world safety profiles remain inadequately characterized. Using the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database (October 2019 - September 2024, 8,747,158 reports), we analyzed adverse events (AEs) associated nine TCEs. Disproportionality analysis identified overreported AEs, 11,963 unique reports after deduplication. Blinatumomab was most reported TCE (n = 4,950), Tarlatamab least 185). Predominant AEs included immune system disorders, particularly cytokine release syndrome (IC025 range: 6.08 7.47). Drug-specific signals reproductive breast disorders (IC025: 2.74) vascular 2.25) Tebentafusp, renal urinary Epcoritamab 1.84), eye Elranatamab 1.81). Novel were also uncovered, including secondary malignant neoplasms, vasogenic cerebral edema Mosunetuzumab 5.77, ROR025: 56.29), hydronephrosis 7.50, 180.70). Early-onset (0.5 9.5 days) linked to four TCEs, while delayed-onset (>20 five others. This study highlights diverse AE of providing insights for clinicians optimize safe use practice.

Language: Английский

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Safety and Efficacy of CD19-Targeted Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-cells Generated Using DNA Transposon Systems: A Meta-Analysis

Cureus, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 8, 2025

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has emerged as a potentially curative approach for hematological malignancies. The DNA transposon system represents non-viral to CAR generation, offering several advantages including low immunogenicity, scalability, and cost-effectiveness over existing methods. Despite significant clinical advances, no meta-analysis been conducted evaluate the safety efficacy of transposon-generated T-cells. This aims across B-cell A systematic literature search was through databases, PubMed, Google Scholar, OpenAlex, Semantic from 2012 January 2024. total seven studies encompassing 110 patients were found eligible. pooled analysis demonstrated an overall response rate 75%, with complete achieved in 66% patients. Moreover, 49% progression-free survival (PFS) median follow-up 30 months, 53% negative measurable residual disease (NMRD) remission. Notably, few experienced cytokine release syndrome (CRS) grades 1-2; however, neurotoxicity not described prevalent side effect. CD19 demonstrates promising malignancies, favorable profiles. However, outcomes this underscore need further development.

Language: Английский

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CAR-T-Cell Therapy for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Comprehensive Overview

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(19), P. 10511 - 10511

Published: Sept. 29, 2024

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disorder characterized by the production of autoreactive B and T cells cytokines, leading to chronic inflammation affecting multiple organs. SLE associated with significant complications that substantially increase morbidity mortality. Given its pathogenesis, conventional treatments for often have side effects limited efficacy, necessitating exploration novel therapeutic strategies. One promising approach use chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T-cell therapy, which has shown remarkable success in treating refractory hematological malignancies. This review provides comprehensive analysis current CAR-T-cell therapy SLE.

Language: Английский

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T-Cell malignancies following CAR T-Cell therapy: insights from the FDA adverse event reporting system (FAERS)

Expert Opinion on Drug Safety, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 18, 2024

Concern about post-CAR T-cell lymphomas recently emerged. Analysis of pharmacovigilance data contribute to continuous safety monitoring, especially for newly authorized medicines, like CAR-T therapies.

Language: Английский

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