Comparative Changes in Fecal Microbiome After Endoscopic Resection and Surgical Resection in Gastric Cancer Patients

Journal of Personalized Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(4), P. 144 - 144

Published: April 4, 2025

Background/Objectives: Gastric cancer treatments can lead to significant alterations patients’ gastrointestinal microbiome. However, differences in microbial impacts between gastrectomy and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) remain underexplored. This study investigates how these influence diversity composition patients with stage I gastric cancer. Methods: Patients pathologically confirmed were recruited from Chung-Ang University Hospital December 2016 2019. analyzed fecal samples 13 (ESD: n = 5; gastrectomy: 8) before after treatment using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Microbial indices taxonomic compared, follow-up extending up two years. Results: In the total cohort, alpha significantly decreased post-treatment (p < 0.05), beta analysis showed distinct clustering pre- 0.05). At genus level, Bacteroides while Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Blautia increases Comparative analyses revealed that ESD group, remained unchanged, although without notable changes major taxa. contrast, surgical resection resulted a reduction 0.05) increased abundances of Streptococcus abundance Conclusions: Surgical exerts effects on microbiome composition, has more limited impact. These findings underscore importance considering postoperative management.

Language: Английский

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The Impact of Microbiota on Musculoskeletal Injuries

Cells, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(7), P. 554 - 554

Published: April 7, 2025

Musculoskeletal injuries comprise a wide range of physical conditions impacting the coordination bones, muscles, and joints. Estimations suggest that close to one-third world’s population will experience musculoskeletal or non-musculoskeletal injury at some point in their life. affect athletes, office workers, industrial older adults, children every year. Among individuals over age 65, disproportionately women, limiting ability maintain an active professional life engage leisure activities during retirement. The field therapy has recently expanded build understanding complex, non-linear interactions between gut microbiota system. There is unexpected connection both pain healing process following injuries. Understanding mechanisms microbiota’s influence on these could inform healthcare strategies aimed prevention recovery. For patients who suffer from are risk developing injuries, analyzing composition plays crucial role patient stratification, which can significantly enhance effectiveness treatment strategies.

Language: Английский

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A Novel Frontier in Gut–Brain Axis Research: The Transplantation of Fecal Microbiota in Neurodegenerative Disorders

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(4), P. 915 - 915

Published: April 9, 2025

The gut–brain axis (GBA) represents a sophisticated bidirectional communication system connecting the central nervous (CNS) and gastrointestinal (GI) tract. This interplay occurs primarily through neuronal, immune, metabolic pathways. Dysbiosis in gut microbiota has been associated with multiple neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson’s disease (PD), Alzheimer’s (AD), sclerosis (MS), amyotrophic lateral (ALS). In recent years, fecal transplantation (FMT) gained attention an innovative therapeutic approach, aiming to restore microbial balance while influencing neuroinflammatory review explores mechanisms by which FMT impacts axis. Key areas of focus include its ability reduce neuroinflammation, strengthen barrier integrity, regulate neurotransmitter production, reinstate diversity. Both preclinical clinical studies indicate that can alleviate motor cognitive deficits PD AD, lower markers MS, enhance respiratory neuromuscular functions ALS. Despite these findings, several challenges remain, including donor selection complexities, uncertainties about long-term safety, inconsistencies outcomes. Innovations synthetic communities, engineered probiotics, AI-driven analysis microbiome hold potential improve precision effectiveness managing conditions. Although presents considerable promise development, widespread application for diseases requires thorough validation well-designed, large-scale trials. It is essential establish standardized protocols, refine processes, deepen our understanding molecular behind efficacy.

Language: Английский

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Obesity and Cancer: Excess Body Fat as a Risk Factor in Carcinogenesis; Consequences Across Human Body Systems and Significance for Associated Medical Specialties

European Journal of Medical and Health Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 3(2), P. 122 - 135

Published: March 23, 2025

Obesity is a known risk factor for various cancers, influencing carcinogenesis through metabolic, hormonal, and inflammatory pathways. Excess adiposity leads to insulin resistance, chronic inflammation, hormonal imbalances, all of which contribute tumor development. increases the cancers in endocrine system (e.g., thyroid, pancreatic, adrenal) due resistance altered hormone levels. In reproductive system, it raises breast, ovarian, endometrial, prostate dysregulation inflammation. also linked digestive including esophageal, liver, colorectal metabolic dysfunction The role obesity lung cancer remains debated, but changes may influence progression. contributes hematologic such as leukemia, by altering immune function promoting Other systems show varying associations with risk. Key mechanisms include dysregulation, epigenetic changes, elevated insulin/IGF-1, promote growth. Early detection imaging biomarkers, along lifestyle diet, exercise) pharmacologic treatments metformin, GLP-1 agonists), can reduce improve outcomes. Personalized treatment obese patients requires adjustments surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy. This review explores obesity’s association across body systems, overviews contributing carcinogenesis, summarizes clinical public health implications, screening, prevention, treatment, policy interventions.

Language: Английский

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Elevated Body Mass Index Aggravates Histopathological Changes and Postoperative Recurrence Risk in Nasal Polyps

Otolaryngology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 5, 2025

Abstract Objective This study aimed to investigate the association between body mass index (BMI) and histopathological features postoperative recurrence risk of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). Study Design A retrospective clinical study. Setting Recurrent group nonrecurrent group. Methods We recruited CRSwNP patients who underwent functional endoscopic sinus surgery classified them into three groups based on BMI: normal weight, overweight, obesity. All were followed for 3 years divided nonrecurrence groups. The impact BMI analyzed through comparative analysis. Results total 577 completed follow‐up, 197 experiencing recurrence. Recurrence rates, tissue eosinophil counts, interleukin (IL)‐5 IL‐17A expression levels significantly higher in overweight obesity compared weight Additionally, within groups, had elevated counts IL‐5 other two Notably, tissues collected during revision showed increased baseline, particularly obese patients. Both logistic regression analyses Kaplan‐Meier curves indicated that associated an Conclusion Elevated presented significant impacts changes Overweight aggravated infiltration, expressions contributing recurrent mechanisms CRSwNP.

Language: Английский

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Dynamic Alterations of the Intestinal Microbiome and Metabolome During Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus Infection in Weaned Pigs

Microbial Pathogenesis, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 107705 - 107705

Published: May 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Microbiome Shifts and Their Impact on Gut Physiology in Irritable Bowel Syndrome

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(22), P. 12395 - 12395

Published: Nov. 19, 2024

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the most prevalent functional gastrointestinal disorders characterized by recurrent abdominal pain and altered habits. The exact pathophysiological mechanisms for IBS development are not completely understood. Several factors, including genetic predisposition, environmental psychological influences, low-grade inflammation, alterations in motility, dietary habits, have been implicated pathophysiology disorder. Additionally, emerging evidence highlights role gut microbiota IBS. This review aims to thoroughly investigate how impact physiological functions such as brain-gut axis, immune system activation, mucosal permeability, intestinal motility. Our research focuses on dynamic "microbiome shifts", emphasizing enrichment or depletion specific bacterial taxa their profound disease progression pathology. data indicated that populations IBS, reductions beneficial species

Language: Английский

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Oncolytic Virotherapies and Adjuvant Gut Microbiome Therapeutics to Enhance Efficacy Against Malignant Gliomas

Viruses, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(11), P. 1775 - 1775

Published: Nov. 14, 2024

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most prevalent malignant brain tumor. Current standard-of-care treatments offer limited benefits for patient survival. Virotherapy emerging as a novel strategy to use oncolytic viruses (OVs) treatment of GBM. These engineered and non-engineered infect lyse cancer cells, causing tumor destruction without harming healthy cells. Recent advances in genetic modifications OVs have helped improve their targeting capabilities introduce therapeutic genes, broadening window minimizing potential side effects. The efficacy virotherapy can be enhanced by combining it with other such immunotherapy, chemotherapy, or radiation. studies suggest that manipulating gut microbiome enhance immune responses helps OVs. This narrative review intends explore role against solid tumors, especially GBM while emphasizing latest technologies used its clinical responses.

Language: Английский

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Effects of a Sorghum Beverage with Lacticaseibacillus paracasei on Body Composition, Lipid Profiles, and Intestinal Health in Overweight and Obese Adults: A Randomized Single-Blind Pilot Study

Foods, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(19), P. 3128 - 3128

Published: Sept. 30, 2024

(1) Background: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of an extruded whole-grain sorghum beverage containing

Language: Английский

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Comparative assessment of phenotypic markers in patients with chronic inflammation: Differences on Bifidobacterium concerning liver status

European Journal of Clinical Investigation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 28, 2024

Abstract Background The relationship between systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and low‐grade metabolic inflammation (MI) with the microbiota is crucial for understanding pathogenesis of these diseases developing effective therapeutic interventions. In this context, it has been observed that gut plays a key role in immune regulation contributing to exacerbation through inflammatory mediators. This research aimed describe similarities/differences anthropometric, biochemical, inflammatory, hepatic markers as well examine putative concerning two conditions: SLE MI. Methods Data were obtained from cohort comprising adults Faecal samples determined by 16S technique. Statistical analyses compared anthropometric clinical variables, LEfSe MetagenomeSeq used metagenomic data. An interaction analysis was fitted investigate associations fatty liver index (FLI) depending on condition. Results Participants MI showed worse values anthropometry biochemicals patients SLE. profile unhealthier, while no relevant differences found most groups. revealed an overrepresentation Bifidobacteriaceae family group. interactive association Bifidobacterium abundance type disease identified FLI values, suggesting effect modification Conclusion study phenotypical microbial similarities disparities conditions, evidenced markers, interplay health (measured FLI) occur different manner disease. These results underscore importance personalized approaches individual screening situations, considering unique profiles.

Language: Английский

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