Correlation Between the Clinical and Histopathological Results in Experimental Sciatic Nerve Defect Surgery

Medicina, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 61(2), P. 317 - 317

Published: Feb. 11, 2025

Background and Objectives: Peripheral nerve defect regeneration is subject to ongoing research regarding the use of conduits associated with various cells or molecules. This article aims correlate histopathological clinical outcomes at end a 12-week experiment performed on rat sciatic model show which repair method has best results. Materials Methods: Forty male Wistar rats were divided into four groups compare results different methods reconstruction for defect: (1) graft–control group, (2) empty aortic conduit, (3) conduit filled platelet-rich plasma (PRP) (4) mesenchymal stem cells. There three examinations: sensitivity test, mobility test footprint test. After 12 weeks, nerves excised assessed microscopically using conventional Hematoxylin Eosin staining (HE), special stains immunohistochemistry (IHC). Results: Nerve was observed in all batches, both from assessment; two types examinations correlated each batch. Immunohistochemistry offered more complete image Conclusions: Superior achieved an combination either PRP cells, while recorded lesser

Language: Английский

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Therapeutic Management of Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: Existing and Prospective Approaches

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 912 - 912

Published: Jan. 30, 2025

Rectal cancer (RC) presents significant challenges in diagnosis and treatment, with increasing incidence among younger populations. Treatment approaches, particularly for locally advanced rectal (LARC), have evolved, notably the introduction of total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT). TNT combines chemotherapy chemoradiotherapy before surgery, improving overall survival reducing both metastasis local recurrence rates compared to traditional methods, while enabling more patients complete full oncological treatment. Clinical trials, such as RAPIDO, OPRA, PRODIGE 23, demonstrated effectiveness tumor downstaging pathological responses, offering better outcomes patients; however, debates persist regarding role radiotherapy, novel strategies exploring its omission specific cases reduce toxicity enhance quality life. In addition, organ preservation strategies, watch-and-wait (WW) approach, emerged viable options a response therapy. Future directions point towards personalized treatment plans incorporating radiogenomics integration artificial intelligence into diagnostics optimize patient outcomes. This review aims synthesize current ongoing advancements management, providing insights potential future innovations.

Language: Английский

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Local Control of Advanced Breast Cancer—Debate in Multidisciplinary Tumor Board

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 510 - 510

Published: Jan. 15, 2025

Background/Objectives: In Romania, breast cancer is the second most common cancer, third leading cause of death, and prevalent overall. De novo advanced-stage often presents in clinical practice, treatment decisions are best made a multidisciplinary tumor board (MTD) involving surgeons, radiotherapists, medical oncologists. Significant advances systemic therapies, particularly progression-free survival (PFS) overall (OS), have surpassed traditional palliative mastectomy radiotherapy for local control. Therefore, purpose this study to emphasize importance initial choice patient prognosis. Methods: We expose two cases patients with de severe, advanced-stage, hormone receptor (HR)-positive, human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2)-negative their management outcome using cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 inhibitor radiotherapy. An extensive review literature from past five years was also conducted. Results: The role diminishing, as many opting novel including inhibitors, which may improve quality life. Conclusions: First-line therapy locally advanced has suffered changes due implementation targeted therapy. However, drug resistance—either or acquired—remains critical consideration. MTD discussions informed essential achieving personalized, evidence-based outcome.

Language: Английский

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Galectins and Liver Diseases

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(2), P. 790 - 790

Published: Jan. 18, 2025

Galectins are widely distributed throughout the animal kingdom, from marine sponges to mammals. a family of soluble lectins that specifically recognize β-galactoside-containing glycans and categorized into three subgroups based on number function their carbohydrate recognition domains (CRDs). The interaction galectins with specific ligands mediates wide range biological activities, depending cell type, tissue context, expression levels individual galectin, receptor involvement. affect various immune processes through both intracellular extracellular mechanisms play roles in processes, such as apoptosis, angiogenesis, fibrosis. Their importance has increased recent years because they recognized biomarkers, therapeutic agents, drug targets, many other applications conditions cardiovascular diseases cancer. However, little is known about involvement liver diseases. Here, we review functions evaluate

Language: Английский

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Integrating multi-omics and machine learning methods reveals the metabolism of amino acids and derivatives-related signature in colorectal cancer

Frontiers in Oncology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: March 26, 2025

Objective The metabolism of amino acids and derivatives (MAAD) is closely related to the occurrence development colorectal cancer (CRC), but specific regulatory mechanisms are not yet clear. This study aims explore role MAAD in progression ultimately identify key molecules that may become potential therapeutic targets for CRC. Methods integrates bulk transcriptome single-cell analyze MAAD-related genes from multiple levels. Subsequently, numerous machine learning methods were incorporated construct prognostic models, infiltration immune cells, tumor heterogeneity, mutation burden, pathway changes under different modes analyzed. Finally, identified experimental validation. Results We successfully constructed models Nomograms based on molecules. There was a notable survival benefit observed low-risk patients when contrasted with their high-risk counterparts. In addition, group had poorer response immunotherapy stronger heterogeneity compared group. Further research found by knocking down gene. LSM8, malignant characteristics cell lines significantly alleviated, suggesting LSM8 target. Conclusion gene likely involved CRC could be hopeful target intervention.

Language: Английский

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