The Role of Genetic, Environmental, and Dietary Factors in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Narrative Review

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(3), P. 1222 - 1222

Published: Jan. 30, 2025

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the most common and severe forms dementia neurodegenerative disease. As life expectancy increases in line with developments medicine, elderly population projected to increase next few decades; therefore, an prevalence some diseases, such as AD, also expected. a result, until radical treatment becomes available, AD expected be more frequently recorded top causes death worldwide. Given current lack cure for only treatments available being ones that alleviate major symptoms, identification contributing factors influence incidence crucial. In this context, genetic and/or epigenetic factors, mainly environmental, disease-related, dietary, or combinations/interactions these are assessed. review, we conducted literature search focusing on environmental air pollution, toxic elements, pesticides, infectious agents, well dietary including various diets, vitamin D deficiency, social (e.g., tobacco alcohol use), variables affected by both behavior gut microbiota. We evaluated studies beneficial effects antibiotics Mediterranean-DASH Intervention Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) Mediterranean diets.

Language: Английский

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Gut microbiome is associated with radiotherapy response in lung cancer patients with brain metastases

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: March 10, 2025

Purpose To investigate the gut microbiome of lung cancer patients with brain metastases undergoing radiotherapy, identify key microorganisms associated radiotherapy response, and evaluate their potential as biomarkers. Methods materials This study enrolled 55 newly diagnosed metastases. Fecal samples were collected before analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing to assess microbiome’s composition function. Patients categorized into response (n=28) non-response (n=27) groups based on treatment efficacy, α-diversity, β-diversity, functional pathways compared between them. Linear Discriminant Analysis Effect Size was used microbial features efficacy. Logistic regression analyses performed predictive capacity clinical factors for outcomes. Results No significant difference in α-diversity observed (P > 0.05), but β-diversity differed significantly = 0.036). Twelve characteristic identified group, including g_ Oscillibacter Blautia , nine such f_ Desulfovibrionaceae Megamonas . Metabolic included ketone body metabolism related amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Multivariate analysis g_Flavonifractor (odds ratio [OR] 6.680, P 0.004), g_Negativibacillus (OR 3.862, 0.014), C-reactive protein 1.054, 0.017), systemic inflammation index 1.367, 0.043) independent predictors response. The nomogram models achieved area under curve (AUC) values 0.935 0.866, respectively, demonstrating excellent performance. Decision further confirmed these provided net benefits across risk thresholds. Conclusions characteristics prior are therapeutic possess Further studies warranted validate findings.

Language: Английский

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Microbiome Gut-Brain-Axis: Impact on Brain Development and Mental Health

Molecular Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 15, 2025

Abstract The current discovery that the gut microbiome, which contains roughly 100 trillion microbes, affects health and disease has catalyzed a boom in multidisciplinary research efforts focused on understanding this relationship. Also, it is commonly demonstrated CNS are closely related bidirectional pathway. A balanced microbiome essential for regular brain activities emotional responses. On other hand, regulates majority of GI physiology. Any disruption pathway led to progression problems both directions, neurological gastrointestinal diseases. In review, we hope shed light complicated connections microbiome-gut-brain axis critical roles early development order get deeper knowledge microbiome-mediated pathological conditions management options through rebalancing microbiome.

Language: Английский

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Could a Mediterranean Diet Modulate Alzheimer’s Disease Progression? The Role of Gut Microbiota and Metabolite Signatures in Neurodegeneration

Foods, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(9), P. 1559 - 1559

Published: April 29, 2025

Neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common form of dementia, represent a growing global health crisis, yet current treatment strategies remain primarily palliative. Recent studies have shown that neurodegeneration through complex interactions within gut–brain axis largely depends on gut microbiota and its metabolites. This review explores intricate molecular mechanisms linking dysbiosis to cognitive decline, emphasizing impact microbial metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), bile acids, tryptophan neuroinflammation, blood–brain barrier (BBB) integrity, amyloid-β tau pathology. The paper highlights major microbiome signatures associated with disease, detailing their metabolic pathways inflammatory crosstalk. Dietary interventions promise in modulating composition, potentially mitigating neurodegenerative processes. critically examines influence dietary patterns, Mediterranean Western diets, microbiota-mediated neuroprotection. Bioactive compounds like prebiotics, omega-3 polyphenols exhibit neuroprotective effects by reducing neuroinflammation. Furthermore, it discusses emerging microbiome-based therapeutic strategies, probiotics, postbiotics, fecal transplantation (FMT), potential for slowing progression. Despite these advances, several knowledge gaps remain, interindividual variability responses need large-scale, longitudinal studies. study proposes an integrative, precision medicine approach, incorporating science into paradigms. Ultimately, cognizance at mechanistic level could unlock novel avenues, offering non-invasive, diet-based strategy managing improving health.

Language: Английский

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