Current Treatment Regimens and Promising Molecular Therapies for Chronic Hepatobiliary Diseases

Biomolecules, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 121 - 121

Published: Jan. 14, 2025

Chronic hepatobiliary damage progressively leads to fibrosis, which may evolve into cirrhosis and/or hepatocellular carcinoma. The fight against the increasing incidence of liver-related morbidity and mortality is challenged by a lack clinically validated early-stage biomarkers limited availability effective anti-fibrotic therapies. Current research focused on uncovering pathogenetic mechanisms that drive liver fibrosis. Drugs targeting molecular pathways involved in chronic diseases, such as inflammation, hepatic stellate cell activation proliferation, extracellular matrix production, are being developed. Etiology-specific treatments, those for hepatitis B C viruses, already clinical use, efforts develop new, targeted therapies other diseases ongoing. In this review, we highlight major changes occurring patients affected metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic disease, viral (Delta virus), autoimmune (autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cholangitis, sclerosing cholangitis). Further, describe how knowledge linked current well ongoing preclinical novel strategies, including nucleic acid-, mesenchymal stromal/stem cell-, vesicle-based options. Much development obviously still missing, but plethora promising potential treatment strategies holds promise future reversal increase group patients.

Language: Английский

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Diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma using liquid biopsy-based biomarkers: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

Frontiers in Oncology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Jan. 28, 2025

Introduction The diagnostic performance of liquid biopsy-based biomarkers for HCC was comprehensively compared in this network meta-analysis (NMA). Methods A thorough literature search conducted to identify all comparative studies from January 1, 2000, 11, 2024. QUADAS-2 tool utilized appraise the quality involving performance. R (v4.3.3) and an ANOVA model-based NMA were used assess accuracy each biomarker. Results This study included 82 comprising a total 15,024 patients.CircRNA demonstrated significantly superior distinguishing healthy populations (superiority index: 3.550 (95% CI [0.143-3])) other HCC. “mRNA exhibited liver disease patients index:10.621 [7-11])) Further subgroup analysis top-ranking revealed that hsa_circ_000224 3.091 CI[0.143-9]) ranked remarkably higher both patients. Subgroup mRNA KIAA0101 2.434 [0.2-5]) patients, respectively. Discussion results show circRNA are first choice diagnosis. Subsequent highlighted hsa_circ_000224, hsa_circ_0003998, GPC-3mRNA as optimal Well-structured prospective crucial validate these findings. Systematic Review Registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/ ,identifier CRD42024521299.

Language: Английский

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The microRNA landscape and regulatory network in Clonorchis sinensis-infected hepatocellular carcinoma: implications for tumor progression

Parasites & Vectors, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 18(1)

Published: Feb. 21, 2025

Language: Английский

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Hepatic isomiR landscaping reveals new biological insights into metabolic dysfunction in steatotic liver disease

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 15, 2025

Abstract Post-transcriptionally modified microRNA (miRNA), called isomiRs, expand the repertoire of transcripts that can leveraged for therapeutic targets and biological insights. However, expression isomiRs has not been characterized in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Therefore, we assessed isomiR profile biopsies from 79 patients with MASLD modeled their potential role biology. MiRNAs represented 75% sequencing reads over 65% them were attributed to demonstrating higher diversity compared canonically annotated miRNAs. Differential machine-learning analyses used identify 173 associated severity 58 fibrosis score. Candidate target mRNAs identified each based on sequence complementarity. Using matched mRNA data, supported by data an independent study, proposed key dysregulated involved a selection 33 disease-associated pathways. Importantly, offered novel unique canonical miRNA, e.g. isomiR-122 targeting INSIG1 (insulin cholesterol metabolism), isomiR-21 HMGCS2 PPARA (PARR TGF-beta signaling). Our work advances knowledge regarding lays foundation identification. Highlights results provide comprehensive analysis (isomiRs) tissue. Machine learning whose is MASLD. Multi-omic uncovered regulatory mechanisms

Language: Английский

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Exosome-Derived microRNAs: Bridging the Gap Between Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes in Diagnosis and Treatment

Diabetology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(7), P. 706 - 724

Published: Dec. 17, 2024

Obesity and type 2 diabetes represent global public health challenges that are continuously growing at an alarming rate. The etiology of obesity is complex multifactorial, with a substantial interplay between behavioral, biological, environmental factors. Dysregulation immunometabolism through chronic low-intensity inflammation in has long been recognized as the main driver insulin resistance development diabetes. However, intricate mechanisms underlying these alterations have yet to be fully elucidated. Exosomes extracellular vesicles carry biomolecules including various types RNA molecules. Of particular importance microRNAs (miRNAs), known modulators gene expression whose altered observed pathophysiological conditions. Recent research suggests exosome-derived miRNAs, such miR-155, miR-27a, miR-29, play essential role regulation inflammatory processes, while miR-122 miR-192 associated metabolic dysfunction. These many other miRNAs influence signaling pathways critical for maintaining sensitivity, thereby contributing individuals obesity. Hence, there interest potential exosomes biomarkers early detection obesity-related complications, well promising therapeutic targets or next-generation drug delivery carriers. This review provides comprehensive overview miRNA, obesity, summarizes latest findings exosome biology.

Language: Английский

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Pharmacotherapy of Liver Fibrosis and Hepatitis: Recent Advances

Pharmaceuticals, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(12), P. 1724 - 1724

Published: Dec. 20, 2024

Liver fibrosis is a progressive scarring process primarily caused by chronic inflammation and injury, often closely associated with viral hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic disease (MASLD), drug-induced autoimmune (AILD). Currently, there are very few clinical antifibrotic drugs available, effective targeted therapy lacking. Recently, emerging immunomodulators have shown promising results in animal studies, some entered research phases. This review aims to systematically the molecular mechanisms underlying fibrosis, focusing on advancements drug treatments for hepatic fibrosis. Furthermore, since progression or endpoint of many diseases, it crucial address etiological treatment secondary prevention We will also pharmacological available common hepatitis leading

Language: Английский

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