Dynamic molecular regulation of salt stress responses in maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: Feb. 25, 2025

Maize ranks among the most essential crops globally, yet its growth and yield are significantly hindered by salt stress, posing challenges to agricultural productivity. To utilize saline-alkali soils more effectively enrich maize germplasm resources, identifying salt-tolerant genes in is essential. In this study, we used a inbred line, SPL02, salt-sensitive Mo17. We treated both lines with 180 mmol/L sodium chloride (NaCl) for 0 days, 3 6 9 days at three-leaf stage (V3). Through comprehensive morphological, physiological, transcriptomic analyses, assessed stress effects identified hub pathways associated tolerance. Our analysis 25,383 expressed genes, substantial differences gene expression patterns across treatment stages. found 8,971 differentially (DEGs)-7,111 unique SPL02 4,791 Mo17-indicating dynamic changes under stress. DEGs primarily MAPK signaling pathway, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, hormone conditions. Mo17, responses mediated through abscisic acid-activated pathway response. Additionally, our weighted co-expression network (WGCNA) pinpointed five that likely play central roles mediating These functions including phosphate import ATP-binding protein, glycosyltransferase, WRKY transcription factors. This study offers valuable insights into complex regulatory networks governing response identifies further investigation. findings contribute knowledge enhancing resilience sustainability saline-affected environments.

Language: Английский

Enhancing wheat resilience to salinity: the role of endophytic Penicillium chrysogenum as a biological agent for improved crop performance

BMC Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: March 19, 2025

Salinity stress severely impacts wheat productivity, necessitating effective strategies to enhance crop resilience. This study investigates the potential of Penicillium chrysogenum CM022 as a biological agent alleviate impact salinity on (Triticum aestivum L.). P. improved germination seeds, particularly under 150 mM NaCl. Fungal inoculation significantly plant growth in terms root length, height, and seedling biomass, even high conditions. Notably, inoculated plants preserved photosynthetic pigments reduced oxidative damage, evidenced by lower levels hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) malondialdehyde (MDA), compared non-inoculated controls. The also exhibited enhanced proline soluble sugar contents, which are crucial for osmotic adjustment stress. Additionally, increased antioxidant capacity wheat, boosting total phenolic flavonoid enhancing enzyme activity salinity. These findings underscore improving tolerance through physiological, biochemical, defense mechanisms, supporting its use sustainable agricultural practices mitigate adverse effects production.

Language: Английский

Functional Characterization of Grapevine VviMYC4 in Regulating Drought Tolerance by Mediating Flavonol Biosynthesis

Plants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(10), P. 1409 - 1409

Published: May 8, 2025

Drought ranks among the key abiotic stresses that limit growth and yield of grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.). Flavonols, a class antioxidants commonly found in grapevines, play crucial role combating drought stress. In this study, we characterized function regulatory mechanism grapevine VviMYC4 mediating flavonol biosynthesis response to encodes protein 468 amino acids with conserved bHLH-MYC_N bHLH domains. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed its homology VviMYC2 similarity function. The expression ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ seedling leaves increased initially then decreased during prolonged homologous heterologous transformation grape suspension cells, Arabidopsis plants, tobacco leaves, demonstrated ability positively regulate accumulation by promoting flavonol-related genes, thereby enhancing tolerance transgenic plants. Furthermore, could bind specific E-box sites on promoters VviF3H VviFLS improve their activities. This study highlights as pivotal positive regulator proposes enhances antioxidant reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging abilities challenging environments improves stress resilience biosynthesis. Our findings offer candidate genes valuable insights for molecular breeding resistance.

Language: Английский