From Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome to Cardiovascular-Renal-Hepatic-Metabolic Syndrome: Proposing an Expanded Framework

Biomolecules, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 213 - 213

Published: Feb. 2, 2025

Cardiometabolic diseases represent an escalating global health crisis, slowing or even reversing earlier declines in cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. Traditionally, conditions such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), atherosclerotic CVD, heart failure (HF), chronic kidney (CKD), and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver (MASLD) were managed isolation. However, emerging evidence reveals that these disorders share overlapping pathophysiological mechanisms treatment strategies. In 2023, the American Heart Association proposed Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic (CKM) syndrome, recognizing interconnected roles of heart, kidneys, system. Yet, this model omits liver—a critical organ impacted by dysfunction. MASLD, which can progress to steatohepatitis (MASH), is closely tied insulin resistance contributing directly renal impairment. Notably, MASLD bidirectionally associated with development progression CKM syndrome. As a result, we introduce expanded framework—the Cardiovascular-Renal-Hepatic-Metabolic (CRHM) syndrome—to more comprehensively capture broader inter-organ dynamics. We provide guidance for integrated diagnostic approach aimed at halting advanced stages preventing further damage. addition, highlight advances medical management target shared pathways, offering benefits across multiple systems. Viewing whole, rather than discrete entities, incorporating into framework fosters holistic strategy offers promising path addressing cardiometabolic pandemic.

Language: Английский

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Clinical application of bile acid profile combined with lipid indices in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease

Clinica Chimica Acta, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 120217 - 120217

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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The Microbiome and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(7), P. 2882 - 2882

Published: March 22, 2025

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a condition wherein excessive fat accumulates in the liver, leading to inflammation and potential damage. In this narrative review, we evaluate tissue microbiota, how they arise their constituent microbes, role of intestinal hepatic microbiota MASLD. The history bacteriophages (phages) occurrence part causation MASLD, conversely, "phage therapy" for antibiotic resistance, obesity, are all described. metabolism bile acids dietary tryptophan histidine defined, together with impacts individual metabolites on MASLD pathogenesis. Both periodontitis dysbiosis may cause microorganisms involved these processes discussed. Novel treatment opportunities involving exist include fecal transplantation, probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, supplements, intermittent fasting, phages or holins endolysins. Although FDA yet approve phage therapy clinical use, there multiple FDA-approved trials, represent new horizon future

Language: Английский

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Association of dietary inflammatory index on all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in U.S. adults with metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: April 1, 2025

An inflammatory diet is pivotal in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) development. However, it remains unclear whether Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), which serves as a reliable indicator to assess pro-inflammatory diet, have associative effects on mortality outcomes of MASLD. Participants the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database from 1999 2018 years were included. Kaplan-Meier (KM) curves used estimate survival probabilities, while Cox regression analysis restricted cubic splines (RCS) employed association between DII outcomes. The concordance index (C-index) evaluated accuracy multivariate-adjusted for among MASLD participants. cohort consisted 4,510 men 4,323 women with median age 52 years. Multivariate-adjusted revealed that high levels significantly associated all-cause participants (multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 1.28, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.10-1.49, p 0.002, aHR cardiovascular CI 1.07-1.53, 0.006). C-index multivariate model, integrating other clinical variables, was 0.837 0.860 mortality. RCS showed positive linear relationship rate (p nonlinearity 0.057), no significant 0.953). Subgroup analyses indicated stronger associations <65 years, married, college education, non-smokers, non-drinkers, those without hypertension. Elevated are linked higher adults MASLD, underscoring index's utility predicting risks. These findings shows dietary interventions targeted inflammation may be helpful this population.

Language: Английский

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Metabolomic profiles of body shapes and their associations with the risk of incident cardiovascular disease in Chinese adults

Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 104031 - 104031

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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ASS1 is a hub gene and possible therapeutic target for regulating metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease modulated by a carbohydrate-restricted diet

Molecular Diversity, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 17, 2025

Language: Английский

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